Low-back pain and disk degeneration in children: a case-control MR imaging study.

Tertti, Minna; Salminen, Jouko K.; Paajanen, Hannu; Terho, Pirjo; Kormano, Martti

doi:10.1148/radiology.180.2.1829844

Cited by 141 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…van Tulder et al [50] performed a systematic review and reported that lumbar disc degeneration is a risk factor for low back pain in adults. Several studies have shown an association between degenerative disc disease and low back pain [16,39,48]. Some researchers have suggested a causal relationship between early-onset degenerative disc disease and recurrent low back pain throughout a patient's lifetime [45,46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Pars Defects at the L4 Vertebra Result in Increased Degeneration When Compared With Those at L5: An Anatomic Study

McCunniff

Yoo

Dugarte

et al. 2016

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Cadaveric studies have examined disc degeneration at the L4-L5 and L5-S1 motion segments; however, we are not aware of another study that has examined the relationship between bilateral spondylolysis and its effect on degenerative disc disease at those levels. This may have been overlooked by researchers owing to the majority of spondylolysis occurring at the L5 vertebra. Questions/purposes Using osteologic specimens from a collection that included individuals who died in one city in the USA between 1893 and 1938, we asked: (1) do specimens with bilateral spondylolysis (bilateral pars defects) have increased levels of disc degeneration, at their respective motion segments, when compared with matched controls without spondylolysis, and (2) is the finding of a bilateral pars defect associated with more severe arthritis at L4-L5 than at L5-S1? Methods An observational study was performed on 665 skeletal lumbar spines from the Hamann-Todd Osteologic Collection at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History (Cleveland, OH, USA). The specimens included 534 males and 131 females ranging from 17 to 87 years old, with a nearly bell-shaped distribution of ages for males and a larger proportion of younger ages in the female specimens. Of those with spondylolysis, 81 had a defect at L5 and 14 had a defect at L4. The gross specimens were examined subjectively for evidence of arthrosis. At the time of examination, specific attention was not paid to the coexisting presence or absence of spondylolysis nor was the examiner blinded to the age of the specimens. Disc degeneration was measured by the classification of Eubanks et al., a modified version of the Kettler and Wilke classification. Linear regression was performed to derive a formula that would predict the amount of disc degeneration at L4-L5 and L5-S1 for the normal control population given a specimen's age, sex, and race. We then used this formula to evaluate the difference in disc degeneration at the corresponding level of the pars defect that is greater Each author certifies that he or she, or a member of his or her immediate family, has no funding or commercial associations (eg, consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article. All ICMJE Conflict of Interest Forms for authors and Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 1 editors and board members are on file with the publication and can be viewed on request. Each author certifies that his or her institution approved the human protocol for this investigation, that all investigations were conducted in conformity with ethical principles of research, and that informed consent for participation in the study was obtained. This work was performed at the University Hospitals Case Medical Center and the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, OH, USA. P. T. McCunniff (&), Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research ®A Publication of The Association of Bone and Joint Surgeons® than the pr...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bilateral Pars Defects at the L4 Vertebra Result in Increased Degeneration When Compared With Those at L5: An Anatomic Study

McCunniff

Yoo

Dugarte

et al. 2016

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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“…In a recently completed Finnish study, early degenerative findings were investigated by MRI at 15 and 18 years of age in subjects with recurrent LBP and in control subjects. Disk protrusion was associated with pain at baseline (P < 0.05) [61] and predicted recurrent LBP at 3-year follow-up (P < 0.01) [51]. One or more degenerated disks was found in 15 LBP subjects (38%) and in 10 control subjects (26%) at baseline, but the difference was not statistically significant [61].…”

Section: Early Disk Degenerationmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…In a cross-sectional study of 100 athletes and controls aged 10-13 years, Kujala et al [28] did not find any association between abdominal and back muscle endurance and low back pain. In his longitudinal case control study of adolescents, aged initially 15 years and followed for 3 years, reporting permanent or recurrent low back pain, Salminen found decreased isometric endurance of the abdominal muscles (P < 0.05) and lumbar muscles (P < 0.01) [51], as well as atrophy of the paraspinal lumbar muscles in girls (P < 0.01) by MRI [61] among low back pain sufferers at the age of 15 years. At this point there was no difference in terms of dynamic strength of the abdominal muscles [52].…”

Section: Muscle Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current epidemiological data on LBP is summarized as well as the role of the major risk factors according to studies published in the principal peer reviewed journals interested in the topic. 24,48,69] from those which include a logistic regression analysis [4,8,9,17,26,35,50,56,57,62,68], or again from those studies which include a control group [17,23,28,31,42,44,47,49,52,60,61,66,70]. Finally, longitudinal studies, with [29,31,51] or without [12,15,37,39,40] a control group, make it possible to study the exposure of the subjects to the selected risk factors, and therefore the predictive value of such factors.…”

Section: Epidemiological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: risk factors

Balagué¹,

Troussier

Salminen

1999

European Spine Journal

337

290

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IntroductionBackache in children and adolescents has traditionally been considered a rare and serious condition, causing one to suspect an organic, infectious, inflammatory or neoplastic origin. Several surveys, however, have revealed a high prevalence of backache, and particularly of lumbar pain, in these age groups, indeed sometimes similar to that reported for adults. The purpose of this article is to review the recent literature, published since 1992 [6], on this topic. Epidemiological dataThe prevalence of back pain in children varies according to the age of the population studied and, particularly, according to the methodology of the studies themselves, viz.:1. Cross-sectional studies by means of a questionnaire, with or without the participation of an investigator, looking at subjective morbidity [4,5,8,9,13,18,26,35,41,48,50,59,62,64,69]. 2. Cross-sectional studies based on physical examination of the subjects, to evaluate the measurable morbidity [4,13,35,48,50,69]. 3. Longitudinal studies (cohort studies) to measure the yearly incidence of spinal pain [12,15].Moreover, studies differ in terms of the definition of backache selected (any localisation of spinal pain versus pain limited to the lumbar area, radicular pain), and also according to the type of prevalence studied (lifetime prevalence or point prevalence of back pain). Several approaches are used in evaluating the intensity of pain: relapsing or permanent pain, need for medical care, or disability due to pain. Furthermore, in studying risk factors, it is important from a methodological point of view to distinguish cross-sectional studies without either a control group or multiple analysis of variance [2, 9, 13, 18, 22, Abstract Low back pain (LBP) among children and adolescents has become the subject of an increasing amount of literature over the last 15 years. This topic, which was considered almost insignificant less than two decades ago, was the focus of a recent international meeting organised in Grenoble (France) in March 1999. This review paper is the result of an literature update search performed by members of three groups which have been active in this field for many years. Current epidemiological data on LBP is summarized as well as the role of the major risk factors according to studies published in the principal peer reviewed journals interested in the topic.Key words Non-specific low back pain · Schoolchildren · Risk factors · Epidemiology Eur Spine J (1999) 8 : 429-438 REVIEW

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“…depression and somatization [19,20]. There are no clear associations with biological parameters such as body length [17,[21][22][23]; weight [22][23][24]; Body Mass Index [5,14,22,25]; length of the trunk [21,[23][24][25]; vertebral column mobility [5,10,23,26,27] and radiological changes of the vertebral column [12,22,[28][29][30][31][32]. Also the findings concerning the association between LBP and general muscle strength [22,27,33,34] and more specifically, hip flexor muscle flexibility [17,26,35] have been ambiguous.…”

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confidence: 99%

Physical activity and low-back pain in schoolchildren

Skoffer

Foldspang²

2008

Eur Spine J

105

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Design of the experiment is to study the crosssectional sample with retrospective information. The objective is to identify the types of physical activity associated with the decreased occurrence of low-back pain (LBP) in schoolchildren. Physical activity may be hypothesized to possess a potential for LBP prevention. The possible connection between LBP and specific sports activities is however sparsely documented. A total of 546, 15-to 16-year-old schoolchildren filled a questionnaire on current physical activities and LBP occurrence and severity. In multiple logistic regressions, the association of LBP with exposure variables was corrected for body height and weight (data from school health service files) and for anthropometric and school furniture parameters. More than half of the children reported pain or discomfort in the low-back region during the preceding 3 months, and 1/4 experienced a decreased functioning or need of care because of LBP. LBP correlated with physical inactivity, e.g. time spent on homework and hours watching TV or video, and with a series of sports activities, e.g. jogging, handball playing and gymnastics. Among sports activities, only swimming and the number of hours per week participating in soccer were associated with a decreased LBP prevalence. With the exception of swimming and soccer, the types of sport reported by this schoolchild population do not offer themselves for consideration as tools for LBP prevention. Based on the associations found with indicators of physical inactivity, attempts to motivate the children to increase their general physical activity level should be considered for trial.

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Low-back pain and disk degeneration in children: a case-control MR imaging study.

Cited by 141 publications

References 0 publications

Bilateral Pars Defects at the L4 Vertebra Result in Increased Degeneration When Compared With Those at L5: An Anatomic Study

Bilateral Pars Defects at the L4 Vertebra Result in Increased Degeneration When Compared With Those at L5: An Anatomic Study

Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: risk factors

Physical activity and low-back pain in schoolchildren

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