Low and high Reynolds number flows inside Taylor cones

Barrero, Antonio; Gañán‐Calvo, Alfonso M.; Dávila, J.; Palacio, A.; Gómez-González, Emilio

doi:10.1103/physreve.58.7309

Cited by 63 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These particles were moving in a helical or cork screw type of motion everywhere in a Taylor cone region. Similar flow patterns were obtained when particles were introduced into a single channel emitter, and in the results reported by Barrero et al 9 for polystyrene beads of 5-micrometer size were introduced to ethanol. Implementation of a similar experiment for nanoscale emitters is rather challenging, as particles should be less or around 1 nanometer.…”

Section: Visualisationsupporting

confidence: 74%

Dual Nano-Electrospray and Mixing in the Taylor Cone

Radionova¹,

Greenwood²,

Willmott³

et al. 2016

Mass Spectrometry Letters

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: Dual-channel nano-electrospray has recently become an ionization technique of great promise especially in biological mass spectrometry. This unique approach takes advantage of the mixing processes that occurs during electrospray. Understanding in more detail the fundamental principles influencing spray formation further study of the origins of the mixing processes: (1) in a Taylor cone region, (2) in charged droplets or (3) in both environments. The dual-channel emitters were made from borosilicate theta-shape glass tubes (O.D. 1.2 mm) and had a tip diameters of less than 4 µm. Electrical contact was achived by deposition of a thin film of an appropriate metal onto the surface of the emitter. The experimental investigation of the Taylor cone formation in a dual-channel electrospray emitter has been carried out by injection of polystyrene beads (diameter 3 µm) at very low concentrations into one of the channels of the non-tapered theta-glass tubes. High-speed camera experiments were set up to visualize the mixing processes in Taylor cone regions for dual-channel emitters. Mass spectra from dual nano-electrospray are presented.

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Section: Visualisationsupporting

confidence: 74%

Dual Nano-Electrospray and Mixing in the Taylor Cone

Radionova¹,

Greenwood²,

Willmott³

et al. 2016

Mass Spectrometry Letters

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“…The movement inside of the Taylor cone is easy to observe through a microscope by placement of some visible tracers [58,59]. It becomes very clear that the hydrodynamic velocity of the internal liquid is far greater than the velocity of anticipated ion migration through the interior of the liquid in response to the imposed electric field.…”

Section: Ambient Gas Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The complicated flow patterns inside the Taylor cone disrupt the orderliness of liquid arrival and departure at the ES capillary exit and, thus, cause band broadening that thereby degrades the resolution of separations performed by liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis instruments interfaced to ES-MS detectors. Realistic photographs of the cone-jet spray mode (including motion inside the cone) are available in many publications, including those of Zeleny that date back to 1917 [39,40] as well as others [49,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67].…”

Section: Ambient Gas Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspective on Electrospray Ionization and Its Relation to Electrochemistry

Pozniak

Cole

2015

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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A VAbstract. The phenomenon of electrospraying of liquids is presented from the perspective of the electrochemistry involved. Basics of current and liquid flow in the capillary and spray tip are discussed, followed by specifics of charging and discharging of the sprayed liquid surface. Fundamental theories and numerical modeling relating electrospray current to solution and spray parameters are described and then compared with our own experimentally obtained data. The method of mapping potentials and currents inside the electrospray capillary by using an inserted electrically-isolated small wire probe electrode is discussed in detail with illustrations from new and published data. Based on these experimentally obtained results, a new mathematical model is derived. The introduced "nonlinear resistor electrospray capillary model" divides the electrospray capillary into small sections, adds their contributions, and then, by transition to infinitely small section thickness, produces analytical formulas that relate current and potential maps to other properties of the electrospraying liquid: primarily conductivity and current density. The presentation of the model is undertaken from an elementary standpoint, and it offers the possibility to obtain quantitative information regarding operating parameters from typical analytical systems subjected to electrospray. The model stresses simplicity and ease of use; examples applying experimental data are shown and some predictions of the model are also presented. The developed nonlinear resistor electrospray capillary model is intended to provide a new quantitative basis for improving the understanding of electrochemical transformations occurring in the electrospray emitter. A supplemental material section gives full derivation of the model and discusses other consequences.

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“…When the conductivity and the viscosity are sufficiently low (as it is the case for DCE), intense swirls are produced. 39 In addition, the difference of viscosity and conductivity between the aqueous solution and the organic solution will enhance these motions.…”

Section: Taylor Cone and Droplets Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biphasic Electrospray Ionization for the Study of Interfacial Complexes

Prudent

Méndez

2008

ANAL. SCI.

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Biphasic electrospray ionization (BESI) mass spectrometry is achieved by using a dual-channel microsprayer, where channels filled with different immiscible phases meet at the Taylor cone. Two types of interfacial complexation reactions have been studied: the interfacial complexation of aqueous lead ions by thioether crown molecules, and the interfacial complexation of an aqueous dipeptide by dibenzo-18-crown-6 as ionophore. The mass spectra also give valuable information on the stoichiometry of the complexation reaction.

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Low and high Reynolds number flows inside Taylor cones

Cited by 63 publications

References 23 publications

Dual Nano-Electrospray and Mixing in the Taylor Cone

Dual Nano-Electrospray and Mixing in the Taylor Cone

Perspective on Electrospray Ionization and Its Relation to Electrochemistry

Biphasic Electrospray Ionization for the Study of Interfacial Complexes

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