Losses of Nitrogen During Decomposition of Plant Material in the Presence of Inorganic Nitrogen

Jansson, Sven L.; Clark, Francis E.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1952.03615995001600040002x

Cited by 39 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…An alternative possibility is toxicity caused by HNO2. Inhibition of denitrifiers due to nitrite at neutral to low pH was observed in some early reports [ 12,15]. Also, Sawyer et al [25] quoted reports on increased nitrite toxicity to plants at low pH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Factors controlling nitrification and denitrification: A laboratory study with gel-stabilized liquid cattle manure

et al. 1992

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nitrification and denitrification were studied in a millimeterscale microenvironment using a two-phase system with a liquid manure-saturated layer. Samples consisted of liquid cattle manure and air-dried soil stabilized with silica gel, placed between two aerobic soil phases with a water content near field capacity. A high potential for NH4 (+) oxidation developed within 0-2 mm distance from the interface, and NH4 (+) diffused only 10-20 mm into the soil. Some NH4 (+) was probably immobilized by microorganisms in the soil between 0 and 4 days, after which nitrification was the only sink for NH4 (+). A potential for denitrification developed within the manure-saturated zone. Maximum rates of both potential and actual denitrification were recorded by Day 4, but denitrification continued for at least 2-3 weeks. The potential for nitrification peaked after 14 days. When the pH of the manure was adjusted to 5.5, nitrification was reduced close to the interface, and NH4 (+) penetrated further into the soil before it was oxidized. The pH adjustment had an inhibitory effect on denitrification: Both potential and actual rates of denitrification were almost eliminated for several days. The size of the manure-saturated layer strongly affected denitrification losses. With layers of 8 and 16 mm thickness, losses equivalent to 33 and 40% of the original NH4 (+) pool, respectively, were estimated. When manure corresponding to a 12 mm layer was homogeneously mixed with the soil, only 0.3% was lost.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Factors controlling nitrification and denitrification: A laboratory study with gel-stabilized liquid cattle manure

et al. 1992

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…When N was applied prior to seeding in treatments also amended with GM, losses of fertilizer-derived N were much higher than in remaining treatments. The lower recovery in the former treatments (54 to 76%) probably reflects the stimulation of denitrification by high levels of nitrate and the presence of available carbon furnished by the GM (Jansson and Clark, 1952;King, 1990;Rice et al, 1988). Multiple N applications reduced these apparent denitrification losses, probably by maintaining lower soil nitrate levels.…”

Section: Nitrogen Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Barley response to nitrogen and non-nutritional benefits of legume green manure

Janzen

Schaalje

1992

Plant Soil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Green manure application may benefit subsequent crops not only by improving nitrogen (N) fertility but also via non-nutritional mechanisms. The quantification of the latter effect, however, is complicated by the confounding effect of N fertility. Two experiments were conducted in controlled environments to partition the yield response of barley to green manure between N and non-nutritional effects. Each experiment included a factorial of fertilizer N application rates and green manure application rates. The fertilizer was labelled with 15N to facilitate discrimination between N sources. Approximately 24% of the N applied in green manure was assimilated by barley after 45 days (Experiment 1) and 32% was recovered by barley grown to maturity (Experiment 2). Apparent recovery of green manure-N by barley was not appreciably affected by fertilizer application. Regression analysis of the relationship between dry matter yield and plant N uptake demonstrated that yield responses to green manure application were not entirely attributable to improved N fertility. For a given amount of N assimilated by the crop, yields were higher in green manure-amended treatments than in those receiving no green manure. In barley grown to maturity, barley response to N and non-nutritional effects were estimated to be 5.3 and 2.2g pot -l, respectively. The relationship between dry matter yield and N uptake is suggested as a method for distinguishing nutritional and non-nutritional yield responses. This approach assumes that no other nutrient is limiting growth. The presence of non-nutritional benefits observed in this study demonstrates that the agronomic value of green manure is not limited to N release and casts doubt on the assumptions inherent to calculation of fertilizer equivalents.

show abstract

“…Increased rates of denitrification were observed with alfalfa (Medicago sativa) amendments to soil (Jansson and Clark, 1952;Wijler and Delwiche, 1954;deCatanzaro and Beauchamp, 1985;Myrold and Tiedje, 1985) straw (Bremner and Shaw, 1958b;McGarity et aI., 1958;Aulakh et al, 1984;deCatanzaro and Beauchamp, 1985), hay dust (Hutchinson, 1918), fresh crop residues (Ryden and Lund, 1980), and grass (Bremner and Shaw, 1958b). Although many researchers have reported increased denitrification losses in soil with crop residues, the dynamics of anaerobic decomposition with respect to denitrifying bacteria are not well understood.…”

Section: B Plant Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%