Loss of 1p, 19q, and 10q heterozygosity prospectively predicts prognosis of oligodendroglial tumors—towards individualized tumor treatment?

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine whether chromosome 10q loss is a predictor of tumor aggressiveness and poor clinical outcome in patients with oligodendroglial tumors alone or together with loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosomes 1p and 19q. A microsatellite analysis was performed on sections from 130 patients with grade II and grade III oligodendroglial tumors to assess the allelic status of chromosomes 1p, 19q, and 10q, plus detailed clinical and radiological information was taken prospectively. Median age at diagnosis was 45.5 years. Seventy-eight patients had disease progression after initial therapy; median progression-free survival (PFS) was 27.5 months. Age <47 years, postoperative Karnofsky performance score >65, no contrast enhancement on MRI, grade II, and complete removal on surgery were significantly correlated with a better PFS. Median overall survival (OS) was 40.5 months. Pure oligodendroglioma and temozolomide chemotherapy were correlated with better OS. 10q LOH was correlated with anaplastic grade and 1p19q LOH correlated with pure oligodendroglioma. There was a significant association between LOH status and the tumors' response to chemotherapy: 92.3% with 1p19q LOH, 83.3% without allelic losses, 50% with 1p19q10q LOH, and 14.5% with 10q LOH. Patients with 10q LOH alone had PFS of 6 months and a 3-year survival rate of 1%, when compared with 36 months and 85%, respectively, in patients with 1p19q LOH but without 10q LOH. 1p loss was correlated with better PFS (P < .005) and OS (P = .0007), whereas 10q loss was correlated with decreased PFS (P < .0001) and OS (P < .0001). 10q LOH predicted a survival disadvantage in patients with oligodendroglial tumors irrespective of 1p/19q LOH status.

Pediatric infratentorial ependymoma: prognostic significance of anaplastic histology

“…Our study also showed that anaplastic histology is a strong predictor of tumor progression regardless of the degree of resection. Although there are enormous interests on the molecular staging of intracranial ependymoma, currently no specific tumor marker has been validated for a reliable predictor of prognosis and therapeutic response, such as hypermethylation of O 6 -methyl-guanine-DNA methyltransferase in glioblastoma or 1p/19q loss in oligodendroglioma [32,33]. Therefore, anaplastic histology along with mitotic count and Ki-67 index can be used as universal and easily available prognostic parameters in infratentorial ependymoma.…”

The Importance of 10q Status in an Outcomes-Based Comparison Between 1p/19q Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization and Polymerase Chain Reaction–Based Microsatellite Loss of Heterozygosity Analysis of Oligodendrogliomas

“…Several tumor suppressors have been identified on 10q, most notably PTEN, which normally serves as a brake on the oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase pathways (26). Some studies have shown 10q deletion to be an adverse prognostic marker in oligodendrogliomas (7, 27, 28), but not all studies have shown this correlation (9). Recent work in particular has suggested that 10q LOH is more important than 1p/19q status insofar as oligodendrogliomas with codeletion still behave much worse if 10q is also deleted (28).…”

Patterns of Tumor Contrast Enhancement Predict the Prognosis of Anaplastic Gliomas withIDH1Mutation

“…The clinical characteristics, radiologic features, genetic changes, and extent of resection all play important roles in determining the prognosis of patients with AG. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Interaction and synergy may exist among these factors. The presence of contrast enhancement on MR images, which is based on pathophysiologic changes indicating the destruction of the blood-brain barrier, is considered a specific radiologic feature of high-grade gliomas.…”