Los Cinco Grandes across cultures and ethnic groups: Multitrait-multimethod analyses of the Big Five in Spanish and English.

Abstract

Spanish-language measures of the Big Five personality dimensions are needed for research on Hispanic minority populations. Three studies were conducted to evaluate a Spanish version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI) (O. P. John et al., 1991) and explore the generalizability of the Big Five factor structure in Latin cultural groups. In Study 1, a cross-cultural design was used to compare the Spanish and English BFI in college students from Spain and the United States, to assess factor congruence across languages, and to test convergence with indigenous Spanish Big Five markers. In Study 2, a bilingual design was used to compare the Spanish and English BFI in a college-educated sample of bilingual Hispanics and to test convergent and discriminant validity across the two languages as well as with the NEO Five Factor Inventory in both English and Spanish. Study 3 replicated the BFI findings from Study 2 in a working-class Hispanic bilingual sample. Results show that (a) the Spanish BFI may serve as an efficient, reliable, and factorially valid measure of the Big Five for research on Spanishspeaking individuals and (b) there is little evidence for substantial cultural differences in personality structure at the broad level of abstraction represented by the Big Five dimensions.

Strengthening State Capabilities: The Role of Financial Incentives in the Call to Public Service*

“…This is a 44-item questionnaire. An important advantage is it has been translated into Spanish for deployment in Mexico, and its use validated there (Benet-Martínez and John 1988). These authors did not find important differences between the Mexican and US populations.…”

The Role of Resilience and Purpose in Life in Habituation to Heat and Cold Pain

“…The tendency to experience negative affects such as anxiety and depression was assessed using the Big Five Inventory. 2 There were 8 statements (eg, ''worries a lot'') that were scored on a 5-point scale from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree. Cronbach's alpha was .768.…”

The regional distribution and correlates of an entrepreneurship-prone personality profile in the United States, Germany, and the United Kingdom: A socioecological perspective.

“…Higher-order, broader personality dimensions such as the Big Five (extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness to experience, and neuroticism, McCrae & Costa, 1999) have also been shown to relate to entrepreneurial activity (Rauch & Frese, 2007a;Shane et al, 2010;Zhao & Seibert, 2006;Zhao et al, 2010). The Big Five approach to personality is widely regarded as the best established and most cross-culturally valid model of personality structure (Benet-Martínez, & John, 1998;Digman, 1990;Schmitt, Allik, McCrae, & Benet-Martínez, 2007), so we adopt this framework in the present research.…”

“…Data on the Big Five were collected via the Big Five Inventory (BFI; John & Srivastava, 1999), which is an established personality questionnaire (Benet-Martínez & John, 1998) and consists of 44 items (5-point Likert scale; 1 = disagree strongly, 5 = agree strongly). Rentfrow et al (2008) presented detailed evidence for the high reliability of the Big Five measures on the individual and the state level in their online study (e.g., inter-item reliabilities for each Big Five traits at the individual and state levels, test-retest correlation, and factor analyses).…”