Looking at the bigger picture: Cortical volume, thickness and surface area characteristics in borderline personality disorder with and without posttraumatic stress disorder

Vatheuer, C. Carolyn; Dzionsko, Inga; Maier, Simon; Näher, Tim; Zutphen, Linda van; Sprenger, Andreas; Jacob, Gitta; Arntz, Arnoud; Domes, Gregor

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111283

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…As such, one might expect that the literature would reflect similarly impacted areas in the brain, both in GMV and rsFC, perhaps on a larger scale due to the presence of a dual diagnosis. However, the study that met the inclusion criteria for the present review actually found no significant differences between GMV of the amygdala, vmPFC, or bilateral ACC when comparing females with BPD and PTSD to those with PTSD alone ( 51 ). The dearth of neuroimaging literature surrounding BPD and comorbid PTSD, en masse with these results that suggest insignificant differences between neurobiological profiles, suggests the need for further investigation of this comorbidity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Neurobiological Alterations in Females With PTSD: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Most females experience at least one traumatic event in their lives, but not all develop PTSD. Despite considerable research, our understanding of the key factors that constitute risk for PTSD among females is limited. Previous research has largely focused on sex differences, neglecting within group comparisons, thereby obviating differences between females who do and do not develop PTSD following exposure to trauma. In this systematic review, we conducted a search for the extent of existing research utilizing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine neurobiological differences among females of all ages, with and without PTSD. Only studies of females who met full diagnostic criteria for PTSD were included. Fifty-six studies were selected and reviewed. We synthesized here findings from structural MRI (sMRI), functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC MRI) studies, comparing females with and without PTSD. A range of biopsychosocial constructs that may leave females vulnerable to PTSD were discussed. First, the ways timing and type of exposure to trauma may impact PTSD risk were discussed. Second, the key role that cognitive and behavioral mechanisms may play in PTSD was described, including rumination, and deficient fear extinction. Third, the role of specific symptom patterns and common comorbidities in female-specific PTSD was described, as well as sex-specific implications on treatment and parenting outcomes. We concluded by identifying areas for future research, to address the need to better understand developmental aspects of brain alterations, the differential impact of trauma types and timing, the putative role of neuroendocrine system in neurobiology of PTSD among females, and the impact of social and cultural factors on neurobiology in females with PTSD.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Neurobiological Alterations in Females With PTSD: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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“…Interestingly, a few diffusion tensor imaging studies in adolescent BPD ( 34 – 36 ) supported the notion that abnormalities in fronto-limbic networks are associated with emotional dysregulation and impulsivity early in the course of BPD ( 33 ). Further, recent MRI findings of gross anatomical features in BPD patients [e.g., altered cortical surface morphology ( 15 , 17 , 18 )], which reflect prenatal brain development ( 37 ), may at least partly support their early neurodevelopmental pathology ( 33 ). However, there are discrepancies in previous cortical folding findings in BPD; Vatheuer et al ( 18 ) demonstrated a parietal hyper-gyrification, while Depping et al ( 15 ) reported a significant relationship between hypo-gyrification of the orbitofrontal region and impulsivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, recent MRI findings of gross anatomical features in BPD patients [e.g., altered cortical surface morphology ( 15 , 17 , 18 )], which reflect prenatal brain development ( 37 ), may at least partly support their early neurodevelopmental pathology ( 33 ). However, there are discrepancies in previous cortical folding findings in BPD; Vatheuer et al ( 18 ) demonstrated a parietal hyper-gyrification, while Depping et al ( 15 ) reported a significant relationship between hypo-gyrification of the orbitofrontal region and impulsivity. Thus, potential role of early neurodevelopmental processes associated with cortical folding on the pathophysiology of BPD may have regional specificity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the neurobiology of borderline personality disorder (BPD) has yet to be elucidated, abnormalities in neural networks, including the STG, have been implicated in their impulsive behaviors and emotional instability ( 11 – 13 ). Furthermore, previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have reported that BPD patients exhibit brain morphological characteristics associated with fetal neurodevelopmental abnormalities (e.g., altered sulco-gyral patterns and hyper- or hypo-gyrification) at early stages of the illness ( 14 – 18 ). While our previous MRI study found no volume changes of HG in a BPD cohort and its clinical subgroups (e.g., with and without violent episodes) ( 19 ), no MRI studies have specifically investigated HG duplication patterns in BPD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heschl’s gyrus duplication pattern and clinical characteristics in borderline personality disorder: A preliminary study

Takahashi

Sasabayashi²,

Velakoulis³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychiatry

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Inter-individual variations in the sulco-gyral pattern of Heschl’s gyrus (HG) might contribute to emotional processing. However, it remains largely unknown whether borderline personality disorder (BPD) patients exhibit an altered HG gyrification pattern, compared with healthy individuals, and whether such a brain morphological feature, if present, might contribute to their clinical characteristics. The present study used magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the distribution of HG gyrification patterns (single or duplicated) and their relationship to clinical characteristics in teenage BPD patients with minimal treatment exposure. No significant difference was noted for the prevalence of HG patterns between 20 BPD and 20 healthy participants. However, the BPD participants with left duplicated HG were characterized by higher prevalence of comorbid disruptive behavior disorders, with higher externalizing score compared with those with left single HG. Our preliminary results suggest that neurodevelopmental pathology associated with gyral formation might be implicated in the neurobiology of early BPD, especially for emotional and behavioral control.

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“…Computation of cortical thickness through surface-based morphometry analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important method to assess brain structural changes (de Araujo et al, 2014 ; Depping et al, 2016 ; Vatheuer et al, 2021 ). Cortical thickness has been studied in various disorders such as autism and Parkinson’s disease, and its alterations may reflect underlying genetic and neurobiological processes (Ecker et al, 2010 ; Pereira et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered cortical thickness and emotional dysregulation in adolescents with borderline personality disorder

Xiao

et al. 2023

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Emotional dysregulation is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Previous studies have reported that abnormal grey matter volume is associated with the limbic–cortical circuit and default mode network (DMN) in patients with BPD. However, alterations of cortical thickness in adolescents with BPD have not been well evaluated. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess cortical thickness and its association with emotional dysregulation in adolescents with BPD. Method: This prospective study enrolled 52 adolescents with BPD and 39 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Assessments included brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition with structural and resting-state functional MRI data, and clinical assessment for emotional dysregulation using the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS). Cortical thickness and seed-based functional connectivity were analysed with FreeSurfer 7.2 software. Correlation analysis between cortical thickness and the scores from emotional assessment was performed with Spearman analysis. Results: Compared to HCs, there was altered cortical thickness in the DMN and limbic–cortical circuit in adolescents with BPD (Monte Carlo correction, all p < .05). These regions with altered cortical thickness were significantly associated with emotional dysregulation (all p < .05). There were also alterations of functional connectivity, i.e. with increased connectivity of the right prefrontal cortex with bilateral occipital lobes, or with the limbic system, and with decreased connectivity among the DMN regions (voxel p < .001, cluster p < .05, family-wise error corrected). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the altered cortical thickness and altered functional connectivity in the limbic–cortical circuit and DMN may be involved in emotional dysregulation in adolescents with BPD.

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Looking at the bigger picture: Cortical volume, thickness and surface area characteristics in borderline personality disorder with and without posttraumatic stress disorder

Cited by 5 publications

References 69 publications

Neurobiological Alterations in Females With PTSD: A Systematic Review

Neurobiological Alterations in Females With PTSD: A Systematic Review

Heschl’s gyrus duplication pattern and clinical characteristics in borderline personality disorder: A preliminary study

Altered cortical thickness and emotional dysregulation in adolescents with borderline personality disorder

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