Longitudinal Response of Commercial Broiler Operations to Bio-shuttle Administration

Kimminau, E.A.; Duong, Tri

doi:10.3382/japr/pfz092

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In response to these external pressures, 35-40% of US broiler companies have adopted annual cycles where two out of every six flocks receive anticoccidial vaccination instead of drugs (104). This practice is known as a bio-shuttle program in which vaccination of broilers on day of hatch is followed by the administration of grower and finisher diets containing anticoccidial drugs (132). This allows producers greater control in managing the risk of outbreak posed by the use of nonattenuated vaccines.…”

Section: Subunit Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Chicken Coccidiosis: From the Parasite Lifecycle to Control of the Disease

Mesa-Pineda¹,

Navarro-Ruiz²,

López-Osorio³

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The poultry industry is one of the main providers of protein for the world's population, but it faces great challenges including coccidiosis, one of the diseases with the most impact on productive performance. Coccidiosis is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Eimeria, which are a group of monoxenous obligate intracellular parasites. Seven species of this genus can affect chickens (Gallus gallus), each with different pathogenic characteristics and targeting a specific intestinal location. Eimeria alters the function of the intestinal tract, generating deficiencies in the absorption of nutrients and lowering productive performance, leading to economic losses. The objective of this manuscript is to review basic concepts of coccidiosis, the different Eimeria species that infect chickens, their life cycle, and the most sustainable and holistic methods available to control the disease.

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Section: Subunit Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Chicken Coccidiosis: From the Parasite Lifecycle to Control of the Disease

Mesa-Pineda¹,

Navarro-Ruiz²,

López-Osorio³

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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show abstract

“…The goal of the administration of an anticoccidial drug is to reduce this damage and reduce the number of oocysts being shed into the environment. Bio-shuttle programs are correlated with lower body weight gain and livability and higher feed conversion rate compared to other prevention programs (57). However, coccidia vaccines generally and in bio-shuttle programs can be used to restore the efficacy of anticoccidial feed additives.…”

Section: Coccidiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination Against Poultry Parasites

Hauck,

Macklin

2023

Avian Diseases

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The complexity of parasites and their life cycles makes vaccination against parasitic diseases challenging. This review highlights this by discussing vaccination against four relevant parasites of poultry. Coccidia, i.e., Eimeria spp., are the most important parasites in poultry production, causing multiple billions of dollars of damage worldwide. Due to the trend of antibiotic-free broiler production, use of anticoccidia vaccines in broilers is becoming much more important. As of now, only live vaccines are on the market, almost all of which must be produced in birds. In addition, these live vaccines require extra care in the management of flocks to provide adequate protection and prevent the vaccines from causing damage. Considerable efforts to develop recombinant vaccines and related work to understand the immune response against coccidia have not yet resulted in an alternative. Leucozytozoon caulleryi is a blood parasite that is prevalent in East and South Asia. It is the only poultry parasite for which a recombinant vaccine has been developed and brought to market. Histomonas meleagridis causes typhlohepatitis in chickens and turkeys. The systemic immune response after intramuscular vaccination with inactivated parasites is not protective. The parasite can be grown and attenuated in vitro, but only together with bacteria. This and the necessary intracloacal application make the use of live vaccines difficult. So far, there have been no attempts to develop a recombinant vaccine against H. meleagridis. Inactivated vaccines inducing antibodies against the poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae have the potential to control infestations with this parasite. Potential antigens for recombinant vaccines have been identified, but the use of wholemite extracts yields superior results. In conclusion, while every parasite is unique, development of vaccines against them shares common problems, namely the difficulties of propagating them in vitro and the identification of protective antigens that might be used in recombinant vaccines.RESUMEN. Estudio recapitulativo-Vacunación contra los parásitos de las aves de corral. La complejidad de los parásitos y sus ciclos de vida hace que la vacunación contra las enfermedades parasitarias sea un desafı o. Esta revisión destaca este concepto al discutir la vacunación contra cuatro parásitos relevantes en la avicultura. Las coccidias, como, Eimeria spp., son los parásitos más importantes en la producción avı cola y causan daños por miles de millones de dólares en todo el mundo. Debido a la tendencia de la producción de pollos de engorde sin antibióticos, el uso de vacunas anticoccidianas en pollos de engorde se está volviendo mucho más importante. Por el momento, sólo hay en el mercado vacunas vivas y casi todas ellas deben producirse en aves. Además, estas vacunas vivas requieren un cuidado especial en el manejo de las parvadas para brindar una protección adecuada y evitar que las vacunas causen daños. Los esfuerzos considerables para desarrollar vacunas recombinantes y los trabajos...

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“…Recent studies have demonstrated that multiple rounds of vaccination using drug-susceptible live vaccine formulations can reduce drug resistance in Eimeria field populations, likely replacing or hybridizing with resident strains and permitting a subsequent return to chemoprophylaxis (Chapman & Jeffers, 2015). The relative risk posed by use of nonattenuated vaccines can be managed using a bioshuttle approach, where vaccinated chicks receive grower and finisher diets containing anticoccidial drugs to limit parasite recycling and prevent vaccine-associated safety issues (Kimminau & Duong, 2019). Combined, these new management strategies to control coccidiosis have resulted in vaccination of ∼35% of all broilers sold in the USA over the last five years (US industry data, unpublished).…”

Section: Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spotlight on avian pathology:Eimeriaand the disease coccidiosis

2021

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Coccidiosis, caused by Eimeria species parasites, remains a major threat to poultry production, undermining economic performance and compromising welfare. The recent characterization of three new Eimeria species that infect chickens has highlighted that many gaps remain in our knowledge of the biology and epidemiology of these parasites. Concerns about the use of anticoccidial drugs, widespread parasite drug resistance, the need for vaccines that can be used across broiler as well as layer and breeder sectors, and consumer preferences for "clean" farming, all point to the need for novel control strategies. New research tools including vaccine delivery vectors, high throughput sequencing, parasite transgenesis and sensitive molecular assays that can accurately assess parasite development in vitro and in vivo are all proving helpful in the ongoing quest for improved cost-effective, scalable strategies for future control of coccidiosis.

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Longitudinal Response of Commercial Broiler Operations to Bio-shuttle Administration

Cited by 5 publications

References 28 publications

Chicken Coccidiosis: From the Parasite Lifecycle to Control of the Disease

Chicken Coccidiosis: From the Parasite Lifecycle to Control of the Disease

Vaccination Against Poultry Parasites

Spotlight on avian pathology:Eimeriaand the disease coccidiosis

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