Longitudinal changes in maternal serum concentrations of antimüllerian hormone in individual women during conception cycles and early pregnancy

Hamilton, Kristina; Hadlow, Narelle; Roberts, Peter; Sykes, Patricia; McClements, Allison; Coombes, Jacqui; Matson, Phillip

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1113

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Prior studies of AMH in pregnancy have considered a mix of study samples and used different approaches . Using a cross‐sectional approach among 84 women, no significant differences were observed in AMH levels compared among those in the first trimester (n = 27), in second trimester (n = 21), in the third trimester (n = 13), and a nonpregnant (n = 15) group .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Although well established as a biomarker of fecundability, few studies have described AMH levels during pregnancy, and there is some uncertainty regarding how levels vary across gestation in healthy pregnancies. The limited studies of AMH in pregnancy include cross‐sectional comparisons, assessment in women seeking fertility treatment, assessment in women with gestational diabetes, and evaluation in healthy women by using biospecimens collected once each trimester . To further evaluate variation in AMH levels over gestation and between women in pregnancy, we used data from a prospective pregnancy study with longitudinal biospecimen collection from women with singleton normal pregnancies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A pilot longitudinal study of anti‐Müllerian hormone levels throughout gestation in low risk pregnancy

Freeman

Whitcomb

Roy

et al. 2018

Health Science Reports

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Background: Anti-Mϋllerian hormone (AMH) plays an important role regulating ovarian sensitivity to follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in folliculogenesis. Anti-Mϋllerian hormone is well established as a biomarker of ovarian reserve but may also have utility in predicting pregnancy outcomes. Few studies have described AMH levels in pregnancy and, among those that have, most have used cross-sectional study designs and are limited to participants seeking fertility treatment. Our aim was to analyze AMH longitudinally in low-risk pregnancies. Methods:We conducted a prospective cohort study at Baystate Medical Center, a large tertiary care hospital in Springfield, MA, USA. We recruited women (n = 30) with low risk, singleton pregnancies, aged 18 to 35 years, with BMI between 18 and 40 kg/ m 2 , and without preexisting disease. Anti-Mϋllerian hormone (pmol/L) was measured in plasma samples collected at 5 prenatal care visits throughout gestation.Results: Anti-Mϋllerian hormone levels varied significantly over gestation (Friedman's analysis of variance, P value < .0001). At gestational weeks 7 to 10, average AMH was 36.7 pmol/L (standard error = 8.1) and at weeks 34 to 37 was 9.5 pmol/L (standard error = 1.9). Initial AMH varied between women, and an overall significant log-linear decline was observed.Conclusions: Anti-Mϋllerian hormone varies between women and declines exponentially during pregnancy. The biological mechanism of the heterogeneity of AMH decline over gestation is unclear. Future studies evaluating AMH throughout pregnancy that also assess gravid health and pregnancy outcomes are warranted. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pilot longitudinal study of anti‐Müllerian hormone levels throughout gestation in low risk pregnancy

Freeman

Whitcomb

Roy

et al. 2018

Health Science Reports

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“…The present study shows that not only low but also high serum AMH levels alone might increase the risk of abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy. Recent studies have focused on the relationship between low AMH and risk of fetal aneuploidy, showing that rising maternal age increases the risk of fetal aneuploidy and low antral follicle counts produce smaller amounts of AMH (i.e., a general decrease in ovarian reserve is observed) . However, it remains unknown whether low AMH levels reflect fetal aneuploidy independent of maternal age or, in other words, if low serum AMH alone poses a risk of non‐disjunction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to one study, AMH levels remain constant during pregnancy . By contrast, Hamilton et al . noted non‐significant serum AMH fluctuations among pregnant women with the highest peaks or troughs observed between 4 and 7 gestational weeks, suggesting that changes in AMH levels in the initial stages of pregnancy are complex and not necessarily unidirectional.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Anti‐Müllerian hormone as a marker of abortion in the first trimester of spontaneous pregnancy

Kostrzewa

Żyła

Horzelski

et al. 2020

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Objective To assess anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels as a marker of early abortion in the first trimester among women younger than 35 years. Methods Prospective study of women aged 18–34 years with a spontaneous pregnancy at less than 12.6 gestational weeks in Łódź, Poland, between January 2017 and November 2018. Cases of anembryonic abortion and assisted conception were excluded. Blood samples were collected and assayed for serum AMH levels. Data were compared between women with an embryo with no cardiac activity by ultrasound (n=30) and those with a normal embryo (n=33) by using Statistica12 software. Results The 10th and 90th percentiles of serum AMH concentration among control women were used to identify a reference AMH range (1.1–4.5 ng/mL). Risk of pregnancy loss in the first trimester was found to be higher for both low AMH (<1.1 ng/mL; relative risk [RR], 3.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1–6.4; P<0.001) and high AMH (>4.5 ng/mL; RR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.61–5.59; P<0.001). Conclusions Both very low and very high AMH concentrations were found to significantly increase the risk of abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy. Serum AMH might be a valuable marker to predict the risk of early abortion.

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“…Additional factors that contribute to the age-related decline in oocyte quality may yet be discovered, but there is no current evidence to suggest that AMH directly affects oocyte quality. In assisted reproduction, AMH levels are predictive of oocyte yield but not the probability of achieving pregnancy (Fraisse et al 2008, Broer et al 2009, Hamilton et al 2016. However, this does not exclude the possibility that AMH indirectly affects fertility by altering primordial follicle activation rates.…”

Section: The Effect Of Ovarian Reserve On Declining Fertilitymentioning

confidence: 96%

A putative role for anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in optimising ovarian reserve expenditure

Pankhurst

2017

Journal of Endocrinology

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The mammalian ovary has a finite supply of oocytes, which are contained within primordial follicles where they are arrested in a dormant state. The number of primordial follicles in the ovary at puberty is highly variable between females of the same species. Females that enter puberty with a small ovarian reserve are at risk of a shorter reproductive lifespan, as their ovarian reserve is expected to be depleted faster. One of the roles of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is to inhibit primordial follicle activation, which slows the rate at which the ovarian reserve is depleted. A simple interpretation is that the function of AMH is to conserve ovarian reserve. However, the females with the lowest ovarian reserve and the greatest risk of early reserve depletion have the lowest levels of AMH. In contrast, AMH apparently strongly inhibits primordial follicle activation in females with ample ovarian reserve, for reasons that remain unexplained. The rate of primordial follicle activation determines the size of the developing follicle pool, which in turn, determines how many oocytes are available to be selected for ovulation. This review discusses the evidence that AMH regulates the size of the developing follicle pool by altering the rate of primordial follicle activation in a context-dependent manner. The expression patterns of AMH across life are also consistent with changing requirements for primordial follicle activation in the ageing ovary. A potential role of AMH in the fertility of ageing females is proposed herein.

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Longitudinal changes in maternal serum concentrations of antimüllerian hormone in individual women during conception cycles and early pregnancy

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

A pilot longitudinal study of anti‐Müllerian hormone levels throughout gestation in low risk pregnancy

A pilot longitudinal study of anti‐Müllerian hormone levels throughout gestation in low risk pregnancy

Anti‐Müllerian hormone as a marker of abortion in the first trimester of spontaneous pregnancy

A putative role for anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in optimising ovarian reserve expenditure

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