Longitudinal Body Composition Data in Exclusively Breast‐Fed Infants: A Multicenter Study

Fields, David A.; Gilchrist, Janet M.; Catalano, Patrick M.; Giannì, Maria Lorella; Roggero, Paola; Mosca, Fabio

doi:10.1038/oby.2011.11

Cited by 73 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Infants in Bellu's study (20) of 12 mo old infants (n = 26), were breastfed for at least 6 mo and were not at the time of the study. Infants in Roggero et al (18) (n = 59), Fields et al (22) (n = 160), and Gilchrist et al (19) study (n = 80) were exclusively breastfed from birth to 6 mo at which point all three studies had ended. While infants (n = 30) in Carberry et al study (16) were predominantly or exclusively breastfed, they were followed up to 4.5 mo only.…”

Section: Reference Matches Def Def All But H All But H Abc Abmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Equations for calculations of TBW, FFM, and %FM using resistance (R 50 , Ω) and for calculations of body density and %FM using skinfold thickness (mm) measurements are presented in Table 6. The %FM value calculated with six BIS-based and seven skinfold-based equations were compared with eight reference values data sets for %FM, measured by various reference techniques (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22).…”

Section: Reference Matches Def Def All But H All But H Abc Abmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of body composition in breastfed infants using bioimpedance spectroscopy and ultrasound skinfolds—methods comparison

et al. 2016

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Background: Accurate, noninvasive, and inexpensive methods are required to measure infant body composition. Ultrasound (US) and bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) have been validated in adults and introduced in pediatric populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of both methods in determining percentage fat mass (%FM) in breastfed infants. Methods: %FM of 2, 5, 9, and 12 mo-old healthy, breastfed term infants (n = 58) was calculated using BIS-derived total body water equations and skinfold equations then compared with reference models. Skinfolds were measured with US at two and four sites (biceps, suprailiac and/or triceps, and subscapular). results: %FM differed widely within and between methods, with the degree of variation affected by infant age/sex. Not a single method/equation was consistent with the distributions of appropriate reference values for all age/sex groups. Moderate number of matches with references values (13-24 out of 36) was seen for both types of equations. High number of matches (25-36) was seen for US skinfold-based equations. %FM values calculated from US and BIS were not significantly different (P = 0.35). conclusion: Both BIS and US are practical for predicting %FM in infants. BIS calculations are highly dependent upon an appropriate set of validated age-matched equations. Body composition (BC) in early life plays an important role in the programming of long-term health outcomes including obesity, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (1). The majority of large studies reporting an association of infant development with disease later in life use anthropometric measurements or BMI to monitor growth that provide limited indices of adiposity as they fail to reflect body shape, fat distribution, and density.The number of techniques available to assess infant BC is increasing. These measures have better accuracy than anthropometric measurements, but may be either time consuming, expensive, and invasive, expose infants to low levels of radiation (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography), require the infant to be restrained (magnetic resonance imaging) or have weight restriction (air displacement plethysmography).Bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS) is noninvasive and often used to estimate BC due to its ease of application and low cost. BIS measures the electrical impedance, or opposition to flow through the body tissues of a small harmless electric current. The measured impedance, corrected for the reactive component, known as electrical resistance is inversely and quantitatively related to the volume of conductive compartment which can be used to calculate total body water (TBW) and estimate fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) (2). BIS provides reliable estimates of TBW in adults and equations have been developed for children and infants (3,4). While in very young infants (<5 mo) BIS is associated with poorer predictive performance that could be due to the higher conductivity of the infant's adipose tissue with its increased vascularizat...

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Section: Reference Matches Def Def All But H All But H Abc Abmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reference Matches Def Def All But H All But H Abc Abmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of body composition in breastfed infants using bioimpedance spectroscopy and ultrasound skinfolds—methods comparison

et al. 2016

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“…ADP has been validated against the four-compartment model and biological and physical phantoms (13) and is considered the criterion method for determining BF% in neonates (14)(15)(16)(17)(18). Several studies have investigated the BF% as the indicator of neonatal nutritional status using ADP (13,(19)(20)(21). However, the neonatal morbidity associated with BF% at birth has not yet been described.…”

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confidence: 99%

Is body fat percentage a better measure of undernutrition in newborns than birth weight percentiles?

et al. 2013

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Background: Undernutrition in neonates increases the risk of serious morbidities. The objective of this study was to describe neonatal morbidity associated with low body fat percentage (BF%) and measure the number of undernourished neonates defined by BF% and compare this with birth weight percentiles (<10th). Methods: Eligibility included term (≥37 wk) neonates. BF% measurements were undertaken by air displacement plethysmography. Data on neonatal outcomes were extracted from medical records and used to develop a measure of neonatal morbidity. We assessed the association between neonatal morbidity and population-based birth weight percentiles compared with the BF% measurements. results: Five hundred and eighty-one neonates were included. Low BF% was defined by 1 SD below the mean and identified in 73 per 1,000 live births. Neonatal morbidity was found in 3.4% of neonates. Birth weight percentile was associated with neonatal morbidity (odds ratio (OR): 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.05); P = <0.001). BF% was associated with a higher risk of neonatal morbidity (OR: 1.30 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.47); P = <0.001). conclusion: In this population, measuring BF% is more closely associated with identification of neonates at risk of neonatal morbidity as compared with birth weight percentiles. BF% measurements could assist with identifying neonates who are appropriately grown yet undernourished and exclude small neonates not at risk.

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“…Since the measurement procedures in Bod Pod and Pea Pod are standardised and relatively robust, these devices may be suitable for multicentre studies. Also, it is possible that some of the data obtained by cohort studies using ADP (17,19,44,79,87) may be useful in meta-analyses.…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since maternal parity, infant sex, infant gestational age at birth and infant age are related to infant size and/or body composition (44,(78)(79)(80), results that are adjusted for these variables are presented when infants are studied (Papers II-IV). It is noteworthy that in these studies unadjusted estimates were very similar to estimates adjusted for these variables.…”

Section: Considerations Concerning Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Body composition of parents and their infants : methodological, anthropometric, metabolic and genetic studies

Henriksson¹

2015

Linköping University Medical Dissertations

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Body composition in infancy may be of importance for later health. In particular, infant body composition may be relevant regarding obesity risk in childhood. Recent advances in body composition methodology using air displacement plethysmography (ADP) have provided possibilities to accurately measure body composition of infants in a quick and non-invasive manner. The aims of this thesis were to study associations of parental body composition using ADP, glucose homeostasis during pregnancy and infant genetics with infant body composition also using ADP. When using ADP in adults, a correction for the thoracic gas volume (TGV) is needed and TGV can be predicted using equations developed in nonpregnant adults. Thus another aim was to study the validity of using such equations during pregnancy. Parent couples were invited to this study at a routine visit to a maternity clinic in Linköping between September 2008 and October 2010. When the mother was in gestational week 32, parental body composition using ADP and maternal glucose homeostasis variables were assessed. Size and body composition of healthy, singleton and full term (≥ 37 gestational weeks) infants were measured at 1 and 12 weeks of age and a total of 211 infants were included in the studies. Weight and length at 1 year of age were reported by parents. Saliva samples were collected from the infants to obtain DNA for genotyping of the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene. Body composition results calculated using measured and predicted TGV were compared in 27 women. Results showed that predicted TGV yields a very marginal overestimation (0.5 %) of fat mass (FM). Further, each kg increase in maternal and paternal fat-free mass (FFM) was associated with 15.6 g (P=0.001) and 9.1 g (P=0.007), respectively, more FFM in their 1-week old infants. FM of fathers was not related to infant FM. However, maternal FM was positively associated with FM of daughters (5.8 g/kg, P=0.007), but not of sons (P=0.79) at 1 week of age. Similarly, each standard deviation increase in maternal HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance) was related to 52.7 more g of FM (P<0.001) in 1-weekold daughters, but no such relationship was found for sons (P=0.79). The number of risk alleles at the FTO locus rs9939609 was not associated with infant body mass index (BMI) or infant FM at 1 or 12 weeks of age. However, the number of risk alleles was positively associated (P≤0.033) with infant length at 1 and 12 weeks of age, and the results suggested that this association was stronger in boys than in girls. The results presented in this thesis show that: i) The use of predicted TGV when applying ADP in gestational week 32 overestimated % FM only slightly. ii) Associations between parental and infant body composition are present early in life. Thus, parental FFM was positively related to FFM in 1-week-old infants. Furthermore, maternal FM and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were positively related to FM of 1-week-old daughters, but no such relationships were observed for sons. ii...

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Longitudinal Body Composition Data in Exclusively Breast‐Fed Infants: A Multicenter Study

Cited by 73 publications

References 27 publications

Determinants of body composition in breastfed infants using bioimpedance spectroscopy and ultrasound skinfolds—methods comparison

Determinants of body composition in breastfed infants using bioimpedance spectroscopy and ultrasound skinfolds—methods comparison

Is body fat percentage a better measure of undernutrition in newborns than birth weight percentiles?

Body composition of parents and their infants : methodological, anthropometric, metabolic and genetic studies

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