“…With regard to EB, caring for externalized children is often described as more challenging and less rewarding than caring for other children, leading to lower levels of satisfaction, negative feelings, and higher criticism in caregivers as well as to more negative childrearing behaviors (Coleman & Karraker, 2003;Meunier, Roskam, & Browne, 2011;Slagt, Deković, de Haan, van den Akker, & Prinzie, 2012). At the same time, EB is thought to be more likely to emerge or persist when caregivers resort to criticism, controlling or harsh discipline that in turn reinforces children's problematic behavior (Dishion, French, & Patterson, 1995;Patterson, DeBaryshe, & Ramsey, 1989;Slagt et al, 2012;Snyder, Reid, & Patterson, 2003).…”