Longitudinal Association between Physical Activity, Blood Lipids, and Risk of Dyslipidemia among Chinese Adults: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Surveys in 2009 and 2015

Abstract

Physical activity is needed in today’s highly sedentary society. Research into Chinese trends with respect to the longitudinal association between changes in physical activity (PA) and dyslipidemia (DL) is limited. The present study assessed PA and PA-related changes associated with the level of serum lipids, and the risk of dyslipidemia stratified by gender, via a population-based longitudinal observational study among adults (>18 years old) residing in nine provinces in China. Data of 3380 adult participants, gleaned from two surveys in 2009 and 2015 used by the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), were analyzed. Three-level random intercept growth models were used to calculate the associations between total physical activity (TPA), the four activity subtypes, and changes in the level of blood lipids. Three-level logistic regression models were utilized to assess the association between TPA and the risk of DL. The highest level of TPA was observed to correlate with the lowest prevalence of DL. Compared with the lowest level of TPA, the highest level of TPA increases the concentration of HDL-C (β = 0.050, 95% CI = 0.005, 0.096) in males, and also reduces the risk in males of having low HDL-C by 31% (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.52, 0.91). Occupational PA was positively associated with higher HDL-C levels in both genders (males: β = 0.004, 95% CI = 0.002, 0.007; females: β = 0.002, 95% CI = 0.000, 0.004), and leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) was negatively associated with TG levels in males. Increasing TPA benefited HDL-C levels in males, irrespective of the level of basic TPA of individuals. Physical activity (especially occupational PA) was superior in positively influencing HDL-C in males, but not in females. Leisure-time physical activity needs to be increased substantially in order to increase TPA to levels that would be beneficial to blood lipid levels and DL, irrespective of baseline TPA levels.

Association of Vegetable Consumption with Stroke in China: A Longitudinal Study

“…In addition to dietary data, the baseline data of subjects included interviewed questionnaires and physical measurements. In this study, we collected the basic information about the participants through questionnaires, including age, gender, education level (primary, middle, high, and above), geographic region, smoking, alcohol consumption, annual average per capita household income (<1364.3, 1364.3–2728.6, and >2728.6 EUR) [ 32 ], physical activity (<95, 95–239, >239 met·hours/week; grouping by the tertiles of data distribution), the average MET hours per week measurements incorporated both the time spent on each activity and the average intensity of each activity [ 33 , 34 ]. History of illness included diabetes and hypertension (these diseases occurred before the study participants were investigated).…”

Association of hypertension with the triglyceride–glucose index and its associated indices in the Chinese population: A 6‐year prospective cohort study

“…The participants were asked to rest and sit quietly for 5 min. Three measures of seated SBP and DBP were taken on the same arm, and the mean of these three readings was utilized for analysis 19 . Hypertension was defined as systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure over 140/90 mm Hg, antihypertensive medication use, or previous diagnosis by a physician 20 .…”

“…After adjusting for additional covariates such as uric acid, hsCRP, eGFR, TC, hemoglobin concentration, urea, and HbA1c in model 3, the associations between hypertension and the TyG index, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, TyG-WHR, and TyG-WHtR were found to be statistically significant in the 4th quartile compared to the 1st quartile (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1. 19…”