Longitudinal analysis of cognitive performances and structural brain changes in late‐life bipolar disorder

Delaloye, Christophe; Moy, G.; Bilbao, Fabienne de; Weber, Kerstin; Baudois, Sandra; Haller, Sven; Xekardaki, Aikaterini; Canuto, Alessandra; Giardini, Umberto; Lövblad, Karl‐Olof; Gold, Gabriel; Giannakopoulos, Pantéleimon

doi:10.1002/gps.2683

Cited by 88 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…However, findings of volumetric studies in BD are mixed and the size of the amygdala has been reported to be both decreased (42–45), unchanged (46–48) and increased (49–51). Smaller volumes in the left and right amygdala were found in BD children previously treated with psychotropic medication (52), while other studies did not detect any amygdalar abnormalities in either monozygotic twins discordant for BD (53), BD offspring (54) or unaffected relatives of BD (55, 56).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amygdala enlargement in unaffected offspring of bipolar parents

Bauer

Sanches

Suchting

et al. 2014

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is a devastating disorder with a strong genetic component. While the frontolimbic profile of individuals suffering from BD is relatively well-established, there is still disagreement over the neuroanatomical features of unaffected BD offspring. Material and methods Brain volumetric measures were obtained for 82 children and adolescents including 18 unaffected BD offspring (10.50±3.37 years), 19 BD offspring suffering from psychiatric disorders (12.87±3.28 years) and 45 healthy controls (HC-10.50±3.37 years). Clinical diagnoses were established according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria. Cortical reconstruction and volumetric segmentation were performed with the Freesurfer image analysis suite. Profile analyses compared frontolimbic volumes across groups. Age, gender, testing site, ethnicity and intracranial volume were entered as covariates. Results The right amygdala was significantly larger in unaffected BD offspring compared to BD offspring with psychiatric disorders and HC. Volumes of striatal, hippocampal, cingulate, and temporal regions were comparable across groups. Discussion The size of the amygdala may be a marker of disease susceptibility in offspring of BD parents. Longitudinal studies are needed to examine rates of conversion to BD as related to specific pre-morbid brain abnormalities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amygdala enlargement in unaffected offspring of bipolar parents

Bauer

Sanches

Suchting

et al. 2014

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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“…Along the same line, Strejilevich and Martino [48] showed that the performance of older BD patients aged over 40 did not differ from that of younger BD patients and age-matched HC. Two longitudinal studies with older BD [25,49] found that the decline in cognitive fields such as inhibition, verbal fluency, and memory progressed at the same speed in BD patients as in age-matched adults. Further, a naturalistic follow-up study concluded that remitted BD patients on medication experience an improvement in cognitive functioning specifically in processing speed, verbal fluency and memory, and executive functions over time, while those who had experienced psychotic episodes and/or reported substance abuse/dependence may not improve to the same extent as the other participants [50].…”

Section: Cognitive Decline and Aging In Bipolar Disordermentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The number of mood episodes was typically related with slower psychomotor speed on learning and memory tasks [22], verbal memory, attention, cognitive flexibility, and executive functioning [23]. In other studies, illness duration was inversely correlated with verbal and [8,24], visual memory, psychomotor speed, complex attention, cognitive flexibility [25,26], and executive functioning [23,27]. The number of hospitalization correlated positively with the degree of impairment in the domains of memory [8,23,28], psychomotor speed, and cognitive processing speed [23].…”

Section: Cognitive Decline In Bipolar Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprogression and Cognitive Functioning in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review

Cardoso

Bauer

Meyer

et al. 2015

Curr Psychiatry Rep

126

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Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with impairments in a range of cognitive domains including attention, verbal learning, and mental flexibility. These deficits are increased during the acute phases of the illness and worsen over the course of BD. This review will examine the literature in relation to potential mechanisms associated with cognitive decline in BD. Scopus (all databases), Pubmed, and Ovid Medline were systematically searched with no language or year restrictions, up to January 2015, for human studies that collected cross-sectional and longitudinal cognitive data in adults with BD and matched healthy controls (HC). Selected search terms were "bipolar," "cognitive," "aging," "illness duration," "onset," and "progression." Thirty-nine studies satisfied the criteria for consideration. There is evidence that cognitive function in BD is negatively associated with features of illness progression such as number of mood episodes, illness duration, and hospitalizations. Aging does not appear to affect cognitive functioning to a greater extent than in HC. Furthermore, the small number of longitudinal studies in this field does not allow to reaching firm conclusion in terms of which sub-populations would be more prone to cognitive decline in BD. The decline in cognitive abilities over the course of the BD seems to be associated with the number of episodes and number of hospitalizations. No meaningful interaction of age and bipolar disorder has been found in terms of cognitive decline. Future large-scale longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm these findings and assist in the development of preventive interventions in vulnerable individuals.

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“…Moreover, a longitudinal follow-up study of elderly individuals reported more cognitive dysfunction at baseline and a more rapid cognitive decline in the BD subjects than their healthy counterparts (Gildengers et al, 2009). Nevertheless, most longitudinal studies published to date report that the BD-associated cognitive deficits are largely stable or decline modestly over time (Arts et al, 2011;Balanza-Martinez et al, 2005;Chaves et al, 2011;Delaloye et al, 2011;Gildengers et al, 2013).…”

Section: Evidence For a Neurodegenerative Etiologymentioning

confidence: 97%