“…We suspect that the vessel came from England and operated some time between c .1560 and c .1590, based primarily on a complement of weapons which includes cast‐iron guns and metal crossbows. Until the early‐17th century, England dominated the manufacture of cast‐iron guns (Cipolla, 1965: 36–64; Guilmartin, 1974: 175; Cipolla, 1980: 286–7; Guilmartin, 1994: 149–50; Glete, 2000: 23; Black, 2002: 175), while late in the 16th century the English publicly debated the wisdom of using bows in warfare (Esper, 1965; McNeill, 1982: 91–5; Borman, 1997; Phillips, 1999). The length‐to‐breadth coefficient of c .4:1 implies a slightly‐elongated cargo vessel.…”