Long-term warming alters soil and enzymatic N:P stoichiometry in subarctic tundra

Stark, Sari; Ylänne, Henni; Tolvanen, Anne

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.06.016

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…On the contrary, we found a net positive effect of warming on soil DON. Although there are exceptions to this trend (e.g., Rousk et al 2018, Stark et al 2018, our meta-analysis suggests that warming in cold ecosystems could lead to a net accumulation of belowground N in the form of DON. Similar increases in DON with warming have been observed elsewhere (e.g., Kane et al 2014, Schaeffer et al 2013.…”

Section: Warming Leads To a Net Accumulation Of Don In Cold Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Most of the inorganic N in these soils is ammonium ion. Aside from a few cases in which warming has led to accumulation (e.g., Chapin et al 1995, Rinnan et al 2007, Allison and Tresseder 2008 or depletion (e.g., Xiong et al 2016) of inorganic N, in most cases there is no overall effect (e.g., Jonasson et al 1993, Allison et al 2010, Stark et al 2018. Aside from a few cases in which warming has led to accumulation (e.g., Chapin et al 1995, Rinnan et al 2007, Allison and Tresseder 2008 or depletion (e.g., Xiong et al 2016) of inorganic N, in most cases there is no overall effect (e.g., Jonasson et al 1993, Allison et al 2010, Stark et al 2018.…”

Section: Increases In N Mineralization Rates Without Changes Of Inorgmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although at the local scale and under certain conditions warming can increase (e.g., Li et al 2011, Sistla et al 2013 or decrease (e.g., Fu et al 2012, Weedon et al 2012, Jing et al 2014 microbial biomass N, in most cases it does not have any effect (e.g., Jonasson et al 1999, Biasi et al 2008, Zhou et al 2013. For instance, in a subarctic tundra, 19 yr of experimental warming increased microbial biomass N in plots without herbivory, but decreased it in plots with herbivory (Stark et al 2018). In tundra, the biome with the lowest MAT (<À5°C) and therefore where temperature limitations are extreme, a warming such as the one projected for the coming decades (IPCC 2018), is enough to release this limitation and allow the accumulation of microbial biomass N. The effect of warming on microbial biomass N can depend on factors that are not taken into account in this meta-analysis.…”

Section: Microbial Biomass N Unaffected By Experimental Warming Acrosmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Faster nitrogen cycling and more fungal and root biomass in cold ecosystems under experimental warming: a meta‐analysis

Salazar

Rousk

Jónsdóttir

et al. 2019

Ecology

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esson. 2020. Faster nitrogen cycling and more fungal and root biomass in cold ecosystems under experimental warming: a meta-analysis. Ecology 101(2):Abstract. Warming can alter the biogeochemistry and ecology of soils. These alterations can be particularly large in high northern latitude ecosystems, which are experiencing the most intense warming globally. In this meta-analysis, we investigated global trends in how experimental warming is altering the biogeochemistry of the most common limiting nutrient for biological processes in cold ecosystems of high northern latitudes (>50°): nitrogen (N). For comparison, we also analyzed cold ecosystems at intermediate and high southern latitudes. In addition, we examined N-relevant genes and enzymes, and the abundance of belowground organisms. Together, our findings suggest that warming in cold ecosystems increases N mineralization rates and N 2 O emissions and does not affect N fixation, at least not in a consistent way across biomes and conditions. Changes in belowground N fluxes caused by warming lead to an accumulation of N in the forms of dissolved organic and root N. These changes seem to be more closely linked to increases in enzyme activity that target relatively labile N sources, than to changes in the abundance of N-relevant genes (e.g., amoA and nosZ). Finally, our analysis suggests that warming in cold ecosystems leads to an increase in plant roots, fungi, and (likely in an indirect way) fungivores, and does not affect the abundance of archaea, bacteria, or bacterivores. In summary, our findings highlight global trends in the ways warming is altering the biogeochemistry and ecology of soils in cold ecosystems, and provide information that can be valuable for prediction of changes and for management of such ecosystems.

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Section: Warming Leads To a Net Accumulation Of Don In Cold Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Increases In N Mineralization Rates Without Changes Of Inorgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microbial Biomass N Unaffected By Experimental Warming Acrosmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Faster nitrogen cycling and more fungal and root biomass in cold ecosystems under experimental warming: a meta‐analysis

Salazar

Rousk

Jónsdóttir

et al. 2019

Ecology

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“…Soil C:P ratios are indexed to characterize the availability of phosphorus, and soil N:P ratios may be utilized as a measure of N-saturation, indicating the supply of soil nutrient elements in the process of plant growth [52]. The trends of soil C:P and N:P ratios with elevation were similar to the trends of litter and leaves, which all increased with elevation.…”

Section: Variations Of Soil Litter and Leaf C N And P Content Andmentioning

confidence: 88%

The C:N:P Stoichiometry of Planted and Natural Larix principis-rupprechtii Stands along Altitudinal Gradients on the Loess Plateau, China

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2020

Forests

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Carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry plays a critical role in nutrient cycling, biodiversity, and ecosystem functionality. However, our understanding of the responses of C:N:P stoichiometry to elevation and forest management remains elusive. Here we sampled 18 Larix principis-rupprechtii sites along altitudinal gradients (1700-2300 m) on Guandishan Mountain in the Loess Plateau, China. We determined the leaf, litter, and soil C N P contents and C:N:P stoichiometric ratios, as well as nutrient resorption efficiency (NuRE), and diameter at breast height (DBH) increments in both planted and natural stands, and then tested the impacts of elevation and stand origin on these parameters’ management. We found different C:N:P stoichiometry between natural and planted forests. The results revealed that: soil C, N, and N:P ratios, litter C:P and N:P ratios, leaf C:N and N:P ratios increased significantly; however, soil C:N ratios, litter P, leaf N and P, nitrogen resorption efficiency (NRE), and DBH increments decreased significantly with elevation in the planted forests. Soil C,N and N:P ratios, litter C, as well as C:N and C:P ratios increased significantly with elevation in natural forests. The soil N, P and N:P ratios, litter C:P and N:P ratios, leaf C, C:P and N:P ratios, nitrogen resorption efficiency (NRE), phosphorus resorption efficiency (PRE), and DBH increments were, on average, higher in the planted, rather than natural forests. Our results indicated that there was an enhancing P-limitation in both the planted and natural forests, and the plantations were more restricted by P. Moreover, compared to natural forests, plantations converged toward a higher conservative N- and P-use strategy by enhancing resorption efficiencies of internal nutrient cycling and a higher annual growth rate.

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“…, Stark et al. ). Yet to the contrary, the warming‐induced decrease in soil moisture had a positive effect on the potential EEAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of grazers alters the response of tundra soil carbon to warming and enhanced nitrogen availability

Ylänne

Kaarlejärvi

Väisänen

et al. 2019

Ecological Monographs

Self Cite

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The circumpolar Arctic is currently facing multiple global changes that have the potential to alter the capacity of tundra soils to store carbon. Yet, predicting changes in soil carbon is hindered by the fact that multiple factors simultaneously control processes sustaining carbon storage and we do not understand how they act in concert. Here, we investigated the effects of warmer temperatures, enhanced soil nitrogen availability, and the combination of these on tundra carbon stocks at three different grazing regimes: on areas with over 50‐yr history of either light or heavy reindeer grazing and in 5‐yr‐old exlosures in the heavily grazed area. In line with earlier reports, warming generally decreased soil carbon stocks. However, our results suggest that the mechanisms by which warming decreases carbon storage depend on grazing intensity: under long‐term light grazing soil carbon losses were linked to higher shrub abundance and higher enzymatic activities, whereas under long‐term heavy grazing, carbon losses were linked to drier soils and higher enzymatic activities. Importantly, under enhanced soil nitrogen availability, warming did not induce soil carbon losses under either of the long‐term grazing regimes, whereas inside exclosures in the heavily grazed area, also the combination of warming and enhanced nutrient availability induced soil carbon loss. Grazing on its own did not influence the soil carbon stocks. These results reveal that accounting for the effect of warming or grazing alone is not sufficient to reliably predict future soil carbon storage in the tundra. Instead, the joint effects of multiple global changes need to be accounted for, with a special focus given to abrupt changes in grazing currently taking place in several parts of the Arctic.

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Long-term warming alters soil and enzymatic N:P stoichiometry in subarctic tundra

Cited by 22 publications

References 30 publications

Faster nitrogen cycling and more fungal and root biomass in cold ecosystems under experimental warming: a meta‐analysis

Faster nitrogen cycling and more fungal and root biomass in cold ecosystems under experimental warming: a meta‐analysis

The C:N:P Stoichiometry of Planted and Natural Larix principis-rupprechtii Stands along Altitudinal Gradients on the Loess Plateau, China

Removal of grazers alters the response of tundra soil carbon to warming and enhanced nitrogen availability

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