Faster nitrogen cycling and more fungal and root biomass in cold ecosystems under experimental warming: a meta‐analysis

Salazar, Augusto; Rousk, Kathrin; Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S.; Bellenger, Jean‐Philippe; Andrésson, Ólafur S.

doi:10.1002/ecy.2938

Cited by 89 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Along with higher rates of soil respiration, we observed a shift away from a fungal dominated microbial community to one dominated more by gram-positive bacteria in soils incubated at a higher (or diurnally oscillating) temperature (Figure 6). This shift is consistent with observations made in the literature from experiments undertaken under warming conditions in both field and laboratory incubation experiments (Frey et al 2008;Salazar et al 2019). Our results therefore lend support to the general hypothesis that soils with a lower fungal-tobacterial ratio have a lower potential to accumulate soil organic matter due to lower carbon use efficiency (Malik et al 2016;Bonner et al 2018).…”

Section: The Legacy Of Previous Incubation Temperature On Soil Respirationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Legacy effect of constant and diurnally oscillating temperatures on soil respiration and microbial community structure

Adekanmbi

Shu

Zhou

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Laboratory incubation studies evaluating the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration often use measurements of respiration taken at a constant incubation temperature from soil that has been pre-incubated at the same constant temperature. However, such constant temperature incubations do not represent the field situation where soils undergo diurnal temperature oscillations. We investigated the effects of constant and diurnally oscillating temperatures on soil respiration and soil microbial community composition. A grassland soil from the UK was either incubated at a constant temperature of 5 ℃, 10 ℃, or 15 ℃, or diurnally oscillated between 5 ℃ and 15 ℃. Soil CO2 flux was measured by temporarily moving incubated soils from each of the abovementioned treatments to 5 ℃, 10 ℃ or 15 ℃, such that soils incubated at each temperature had CO2 flux measured at every temperature. We hypothesised that, irrespective of measurement temperature, CO2 emitted from the 5 ℃ to 15 ℃ oscillating incubation would be most similar to the soil incubated at 10 ℃. The results showed that both incubation and measurement temperatures influence soil respiration. Incubating soil at a temperature oscillating between 5 ℃ and 15 ℃ resulted in significantly greater CO2 flux than constant incubations at 10 ℃ or 5 ℃, but was not significantly different to the 15 ℃ incubation. The greater CO2 flux from soils incubated at 15 ℃, or oscillating between 5 ℃ and 15 ℃, coincided with a depletion of dissolved organic carbon and a shift in the phospholipid fatty acid profile of the soil microbial community, consistent with the thermal adaptation of microbial communities to higher temperatures. However, diurnal temperature oscillation did not significantly alter Q10. Our results suggest that daily maximum temperatures are more important than daily minimum or daily average temperatures when considering the response of soil respiration to warming.

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Section: The Legacy Of Previous Incubation Temperature On Soil Respirationsupporting

confidence: 92%

Legacy effect of constant and diurnally oscillating temperatures on soil respiration and microbial community structure

Adekanmbi

Shu

Zhou

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Therefore, our results may reflect a shift to more carbon-demanding ECM fungi as observed in other warming experiments in cold ecosystems (Deslippe et al, 2011;Morgado et al, 2015;Salazar et al, 2020).…”

Section: Rhizomorph Abundancesupporting

confidence: 60%

High‐resolution minirhizotrons advance our understanding of root‐fungal dynamics in an experimentally warmed peatland

Defrenne

Childs

Fernandez

et al. 2020

Plants People Planet

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“…A stimulation of SOM decomposition associated with microbial N‐mining may explain why less soil C is stored in subarctic forest soils compared to the subarctic tundra, despite higher plant productivity in the forest (Hartley et al 2012, Parker et al 2015). Conversely, an acceleration of N mineralization due to warmer temperatures (Salazar et al 2020) could reduce microbial demand for N, leading to reduced microbial N‐mining in response to increased labile OM inputs in the rhizosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated rhizosphere deposits induce microbial N‐mining that may accelerate shrubification in the subarctic

Hicks

Leizeaga

Rousk

et al. 2020

Ecology

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Climate change is exposing high‐latitude systems to warming and a shift towards more shrub‐dominated plant communities, resulting in increased leaf‐litter inputs at the soil surface, and more labile root‐derived organic matter (OM) input in the soil profile. Labile OM can stimulate the mineralization of soil organic matter (SOM); a phenomenon termed “priming.” In N‐poor subarctic soils, it is hypothesized that microorganisms may “prime” SOM in order to acquire N (microbial N‐mining). Increased leaf‐litter inputs with a high C/N ratio might further exacerbate microbial N demand, and increase the susceptibility of N‐poor soils to N‐mining. We investigated the N‐control of SOM mineralization by amending soils from climate change–simulation treatments in the subarctic (+1.1°C warming, birch litter addition, willow litter addition, and fungal sporocarp addition) with labile OM either in the form of glucose (labile C; equivalent to 400 µg C/g fresh [fwt] soil) or alanine (labile C + N; equivalent to 400 µg C and 157 µg N/g fwt soil), to simulate rhizosphere inputs. Surprisingly, we found that despite 5 yr of simulated climate change treatments, there were no significant effects of the field‐treatments on microbial process rates, community structure or responses to labile OM. Glucose primed the mineralization of both C and N from SOM, but gross mineralization of N was stimulated more than that of C, suggesting that microbial SOM use increased in magnitude and shifted to components richer in N (i.e., selective microbial N‐mining). The addition of alanine also resulted in priming of both C and N mineralization, but the N mineralization stimulated by alanine was greater than that stimulated by glucose, indicating strong N‐mining even when a source of labile OM including N was supplied. Microbial carbon use efficiency was reduced in response to both labile OM inputs. Overall, these findings suggest that shrub expansion could fundamentally alter biogeochemical cycling in the subarctic, yielding more N available for plant uptake in these N‐limited soils, thus driving positive plant–soil feedbacks.

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Faster nitrogen cycling and more fungal and root biomass in cold ecosystems under experimental warming: a meta‐analysis

Cited by 89 publications

References 90 publications

Legacy effect of constant and diurnally oscillating temperatures on soil respiration and microbial community structure

Legacy effect of constant and diurnally oscillating temperatures on soil respiration and microbial community structure

High‐resolution minirhizotrons advance our understanding of root‐fungal dynamics in an experimentally warmed peatland

Simulated rhizosphere deposits induce microbial N‐mining that may accelerate shrubification in the subarctic

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