Long-term stability of capped and buffered palladium-nickel thin films and nanostructures for plasmonic hydrogen sensing applications

Strohfeldt, Nikolai; Tittl, Andreas; Gießen, Harald

doi:10.1364/ome.3.000194

Cited by 43 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…At 5 vol.% H 2 , for example, unloading times above 200 sec are observed for both cases as well as loading times of about 100 sec (Au-Pd-Au) and even above 200 sec for the Pd-Au case. Since all samples were measured directly after fabrication and manufactured using the same materials and under the same conditions, the strong differences in the temporal behavior cannot be attributed to material differences or sample degradation [29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in nanostructured Pd the transition pressure is increased to higher concenetrations [30][31][32]. To avoid the saturation effect in sensing applications at high partial hydrogen pressures, palladium can be alloyed with other metals such as Au, Ni, or Ag [29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variations in size and form of the antennas can be considered to further optimize the resonance quality and sensing performance of the systems. Our geometries can also easily be implemented in many of the optical sensing devices that have been developed [29,34], since the nanostructures yield high signal modulation over large areas and have no restrictive demands on the substrate materials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Sensitivity engineering in direct contact palladium-gold nano-sandwich hydrogen sensors [Invited]

Strohfeldt

Zhao

Tittl

et al. 2015

Opt. Mater. Express

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In recent years, plasmonic hydrogen sensing schemes using complex hybrid Pd@Au nanostructures have attracted significant attention. However, so far, most studies have focused on investigating the sensing performance of nanosensor geometries where the constituent materials are laterally coupled. In contrast to such planar hybrid systems, which often require complex multi-step fabrication approaches, sensing devices where the materials are stacked directly on top of each other can be fabricated in a single lithography step, enabling straightforward high-throughput processing. Here, we demonstrate a novel hydrogen sensing scheme which incorporates complex hybrid plasmonic nanostructures consisting of stacked gold and palladium nanodisks. In particular, we study the influence of stacking order and geometry, experimentally and numerically, to find an optimal arrangement for a hydrogen sensor device. With an optimized sensing geometry-a stack of gold as lower and palladium as upper diskwe obtain spectral shifts as large as 30 nm at 4 vol.% H 2 , which is a strong improvement compared to previous indirect sensing designs. Our samples yield large absorption and scattering signals and are fabricated by low-cost hole-mask colloidal lithography and therefore yield sample sizes over areas of 1 cm 2 .

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sensitivity engineering in direct contact palladium-gold nano-sandwich hydrogen sensors [Invited]

Strohfeldt

Zhao

Tittl

et al. 2015

Opt. Mater. Express

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show abstract

“…Theses changes are due to the phase-transition-induced 10% volume increase of the Pd lattice and the associated mechanical stress [56]. For use in highly stable industrial sensor devices, this hydrogen-induced structural deterioration can be overcome by, e.g., alloying Pd with nickel (Ni) and by sandwiching the resulting material in between optimized capping and buffering layers [69].…”

Section: Large-area Nanostructured Sensor Chipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic gas and chemical sensing

2014

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Sensitive and robust detection of gases and chemical reactions constitutes a cornerstone of scientific research and key industrial applications. In an effort to reach progressively smaller reagent concentrations and sensing volumes, optical sensor technology has experienced a paradigm shift from extended thin-film systems towards engineered nanoscale devices. In this size regime, plasmonic particles and nanostructures provide an ideal toolkit for the realization of novel sensing concepts. This is due to their unique ability to simultaneously focus light into subwavelength hotspots of the electromagnetic field and to transmit minute changes of the local environment back into the farfield as a modulation of their optical response. Since the basic building blocks of a plasmonic system are commonly noble metal nanoparticles or nanostructures, plasmonics can easily be integrated with a plethora of chemically or catalytically active materials and compounds to investigate processes ranging from hydrogen absorption in palladium to the detection of trinitrotoluene (TNT). In this review, we will discuss a multitude of plasmonic sensing strategies, spanning the technological scale from simple plasmonic particles embedded in extended thin films to highly engineered complex plasmonic nanostructures. Due to their flexibility and excellent sensing performance, plasmonic structures may open an exciting pathway towards the detection of chemical and catalytic events down to the single molecule level.

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“…Plasmonic coupling has also been used for refractive index sensing [15][16][17], biosensing [18][19][20][21], and gas sensing [22][23][24][25]. One example of gas sensing is the detection of the hydrogen content in air [26][27][28][29]. This is very important, as already a hydrogen concentration of 4% in air can lead to spontaneous combustion and explosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring the plasmonic Fano resonance in metallic photonic crystals

Bauer

Gießen

2020

Nanophotonics

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Periodically arranged metallic nanowires on top of a waveguide layer show a strong coupling between the particle plasmon of the wires and the waveguide mode. By introducing a dielectric spacer layer between the metallic structures and the waveguide layer, this coupling can be reduced. Here, the thickness of this spacer layer is varied and the coupling strength is determined for each spacer layer thickness by fitting an effective energy matrix to the energy positions of the resonance peaks. It is found that the coupling strength can be very well described by the electric field amplitude of the waveguide mode at the location of the nanowires. We carried out experiments and found very good agreement with theory and our simple model. Using this method, we achieved experimentally an extremely small mode splitting as small as 25 meV leading to very sharp spectral features. Our pathway and design for tailoring the coupling strength of plasmonic Fano resonances will enable the design of highly sensitive plasmonic sensor devices and open the door for narrow plasmonic spectral features for nonlinear optics and slow light propagation.

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Long-term stability of capped and buffered palladium-nickel thin films and nanostructures for plasmonic hydrogen sensing applications

Cited by 43 publications

References 33 publications

Sensitivity engineering in direct contact palladium-gold nano-sandwich hydrogen sensors [Invited]

Sensitivity engineering in direct contact palladium-gold nano-sandwich hydrogen sensors [Invited]

Plasmonic gas and chemical sensing

Tailoring the plasmonic Fano resonance in metallic photonic crystals

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