2010
DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s6914
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Long-term safety, efficacy, and patient acceptability of the intrauterine Copper T-380A contraceptive device

Abstract: The intrauterine device (IUD), primarily in the form of the copper IUD, is used by more than 150 million women around the world, making it the most widely used reversible method of contraception. With a remarkably low failure rate of less than 1 per 100 women in the first year of use, the Copper T-380A is in the top tier of contraceptives in terms of efficacy. Risks of utilization include perforation and an increased risk of infection in the first 20 days following insertion. Overall, the number of adverse eve… Show more

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Cited by 109 publications
(101 citation statements)
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References 74 publications
(80 reference statements)
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“…Dados da literatura não mencionam especificamente a má adequação relacionada à faixa etária, porém um estudo associou a idade inferior a 20 anos como o único fator associado mais frequentemente à expulsão 1 . Outro estudo enfatiza que a inadequação da posição do DIU, quando precocemente diagnosticada pela ultrassonografia transvaginal, previne a sua ineficácia 12 .…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
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“…Dados da literatura não mencionam especificamente a má adequação relacionada à faixa etária, porém um estudo associou a idade inferior a 20 anos como o único fator associado mais frequentemente à expulsão 1 . Outro estudo enfatiza que a inadequação da posição do DIU, quando precocemente diagnosticada pela ultrassonografia transvaginal, previne a sua ineficácia 12 .…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
“…O comprimento, largura e volume da cavidade uterina das nulíparas, menor que a das mulheres que já pariram, não oferece segurança para que os profissionais indiquem o DIU para esse grupo de mulheres, tendo sido considerado o número de estudos ainda insuficiente para conclusões definitivas 1 . Entretanto, uma tendência para o uso deste método entre essas mulheres tem sido observada [22][23][24] .…”
Section: Discussionunclassified
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“…Medical devices containing copper have been used in humans for several decades. Perhaps the most easily recognized is the contraceptive intrauterine device, TCu380A, which has been used for more than 40 years with no reports of copper toxicity [21]. Beyond people with Wilson's disease, which is a genetic deficiency of ceruloplasmin, there is little evidence to indicate that chronic human exposure to copper results in systemic effects other than liver injury [2].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Regarding the use of implants containing copper, practically all clinical experience comes from the use of intrauterine contraceptive devices made of copper [21]. Copper is essential for several cellular enzymatic reactions and plays an important role in hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and highly toxic hydroxyl radical (•OH) generation within phagocytes [2,14,30,34].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%