Long-term particle measurements in Finnish Arctic: Part I – Chemical composition and trace metal solubility

Laing, James R.; Hopke, Philip K.; Hopke, Eleanor F.; Husain, Liaquat; Dutkiewicz, Vincent A.; Paatero, Jussi; Viisanen, Y.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.03.002

Cited by 28 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 55 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In accord with general knowledge on Arctic aerosol chemistry (Barrie, 1986;Barrie and Barrie, 1990;Laing et al, 2014Laing et al, , 2015Nguyen et al, 2013;Pacyna and Ottar, 1989;Shevchenko et al, 2003;Weinbruch et al, 2012), the principal component structure of snow water chemistry identified the combination of lithogenic source (dust and soil particles dissolution, providing low-mobility, insoluble elements such as Al, Fe, Cr, Zr, REEs) and marine aerosols (soluble forms, providing high concentrations of mobile elements such as Ca, Mg, Na, Mo, Ni). The latter may also originate from aeolian transport of carbonate-rich soils.…”

Section: Dissolved Major and Trace Elements In Siberian Snowmentioning

confidence: 87%

Impact of snow deposition on major and trace element concentrations and elementary fluxes in surface waters of the Western Siberian Lowland across a 1700 km latitudinal gradient

Шевченко

Pokrovsky

Vorobyev

et al. 2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In order to better understand the chemical composition of snow and its impact on surface water hydrochemistry in the poorly studied Western Siberia Lowland (WSL), the surface layer of snow was sampled in February 2014 across a 1700 km latitudinal gradient (ca. 56.5 to 68 • N). We aimed at assessing the latitudinal effect on both dissolved and particulate forms of elements in snow and quantifying the impact of atmospheric input to element storage and export fluxes in inland waters of the WSL. The concentration of dissolved+colloidal (< 0.45 µm) Fe, Co, Cu, As and La increased by a factor of 2 to 5 north of 63 • N compared to southern regions. The pH and dissolved Ca, Mg, Sr, Mo and U in snow water increased with the rise in concentrations of particulate fraction (PF). Principal component analyses of major and trace element concentrations in both dissolved and particulate fractions revealed two factors not linked to the latitude. A hierarchical cluster analysis yielded several groups of elements that originated from alumino-silicate mineral matrix, carbonate minerals and marine aerosols or belonging to volatile atmospheric heavy metals, labile elements from weatherable minerals and nutrients. The main sources of mineral components in PF are desert and semi-desert regions of central Asia.The snow water concentrations of DIC, Cl, SO 4 , Mg, Ca, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, Cd, Sb, Cs, W, Pb and U exceeded or were comparable with springtime concentrations in thermokarst lakes of the permafrost-affected WSL zone. The springtime river fluxes of DIC, Cl, SO 4 , Na, Mg, Ca, Rb, Cs, metals (Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb), metalloids (As, Sb), Mo and U in the discontinuous to continuous permafrost zone (64-68 • N) can be explained solely by melting of accumulated snow. The impact of snow deposition on riverine fluxes of elements strongly increased northward, in discontinuous and continuous permafrost zones of frozen peat bogs. This was consistent with the decrease in the impact of rock lithology on river chemical composition in the permafrost zone of the WSL, relative to the permafrost-free regions. Therefore, the present study demonstrates significant and previously underestimated atmospheric input of many major and trace elements to their riverine fluxes during spring floods. A broader impact of this result is that current estimations of river water fluxes response to climate warming in high latitudes may be unwarranted without detailed analysis of winter precipitation.

show abstract

Section: Dissolved Major and Trace Elements In Siberian Snowmentioning

confidence: 87%

Impact of snow deposition on major and trace element concentrations and elementary fluxes in surface waters of the Western Siberian Lowland across a 1700 km latitudinal gradient

Шевченко

Pokrovsky

Vorobyev

et al. 2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Detailed descriptions of the chemical compositions of the collected PM samples are provided in Laing et al (2013;2014a, b). The samples from 1964-1978 were collected using Whatman 42 cellulose filters, and the samples from 1979-2010 collected using Whatman GF/A glass-fiber filters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is now data from forty-seven years of PM measurements at Kevo that are the longest available Arctic dataset. Previous work on these data have detailed chemical composition and solubility (Laing et al, 2014a), black carbon concentrations (Dutkiewicz et al, 2014), anthropogenic and biogenic sulfate concentrations (Laing et al, 2013), and determined long-range trends and source identification of individual species (Laing et al, 2014b). Kevo is heavily influenced by the industrial areas on the Kola Peninsula in Russia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Positive Matrix Factorization of 47 Years of Particle Measurements in Finnish Arctic

Laing

Hopke

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Forty seven years of weekly total suspended particle filters collected at Kevo, Finland from October 1964 through 2010 by the Finnish Meteorological Institute were analyzed for near-total trace elements, soluble trace elements, black carbon, major ions and methane sulfonic acid (MSA). The chemical composition dataset was analyzed by Positive Matrix Factorization using EPA PMF5. The entire dataset was modeled as well as three separate time periods, 1964-1978, 1979-1990, and 1991-2010. The dataset was split in 1979 due to a change from Whatman 42 cellulose filters to a glass fiber filters, and in 1990 due to drops in concentrations related to the economic collapse of the Soviet Union. Two factors representing non-ferrous metal smelters were found for all time periods. One factor was dominated by Cu and the other by Ni and Co. Each of the time periods contained a factor describing stationary fuel combustion with high percentages of V, BC, and nss-SO 4 = ; a ferrous metal factor dominated by Fe and some Mn; a biogenic sulfate factor; a factor containing the majority of Mo and W; and a factor dominated by Sn. The 1979The -1990The , 1991The -2010The , and 1964The -2010 results contained a factor for As and Re, and a factor with the majority of Mn and Cd, which were not observed in 1964 -1978 . The 1964 -1978 time period results contain three unique factors, a factor dominated by Ag, a factor dominated by Au, and a sea salt factor characterized by a high percentage of Na and Mg. The 1964-2010 period contains an Ag and Au factor as well. Ag and Au both have high concentrations in the late 1960s that decrease dramatically starting in the early 1970s. The increased uncertainty due to the high blanks in the glass fiber filters may account for the inability to determine a sea salt factor in the later time periods.

show abstract

“…The extracts were analyzed for elements using a Thermo X Series II ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma -Mass Spectrometry). Selected filter spots, including samples and blank spots were extracted and measured exclusively for elements (Laing et al, 2014).…”

Section: Elemental Analysis By Icp-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Beta Attenuation Monitor Filter Rolls for Particulate Matter Speciation

Raja

Chandrasekaran

Lin

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Instruments such as Beta Attenuation Monitors (BAMs) provide real-time PM 2.5 mass concentration data and are now widely used in compliance monitoring networks. These devices collect the PM on a filter tape in 1-hour samples. In this work, the use of BAM filter spots for chemical speciation was investigated. Filter tapes from several sites in California were analyzed for a series of chemical species including elements, ions, organic and elemental carbon, and molecular markers. A major issue was the blank values in the filter tape. Based on blank spot analyses, it was determined that measurement of organic and elemental carbon (OC/EC) and elements were infeasible. A total of 22 BAM samples (each comprising 24 1-hour spots) from 12 sites were analyzed for ions and black carbon (BC). Additionally, 336 1-hour spots were composited to analyze for molecular markers (MM). Measurements of ions and BC at each site appear to have been underestimated likely due to volatilization losses. MM measurements in these 336 BAM filter spots suggest that organic speciation of BAM filters could be a viable method for measuring useful marker species. Statistical analysis was conducted by grouping samples into classes with mass concentrations greater and less than 80 µg m -3 . Measurement of Delta-C concentrations (i.e., Delta C = BC 370 nm -BC 880 nm ) in these two groups of samples revealed that most of the high PM 2.5 concentration days PM 2.5 greater than 80 µg m -3 ) were likely not substantially impacted by biomass combustion particles. A major portion of the samples analyzed in this work with high concentrations of PM 2.5 were inorganic species such as ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and other ions. Results suggested that some useful information may be derived from BAM tape analyses. However, different filter substrates and sample handling and storage practice might make a wider range of analyses possible.

show abstract

Long-term particle measurements in Finnish Arctic: Part I – Chemical composition and trace metal solubility

Cited by 28 publications

References 55 publications

Impact of snow deposition on major and trace element concentrations and elementary fluxes in surface waters of the Western Siberian Lowland across a 1700 km latitudinal gradient

Impact of snow deposition on major and trace element concentrations and elementary fluxes in surface waters of the Western Siberian Lowland across a 1700 km latitudinal gradient

Positive Matrix Factorization of 47 Years of Particle Measurements in Finnish Arctic

Analysis of Beta Attenuation Monitor Filter Rolls for Particulate Matter Speciation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Long-term particle measurements in Finnish Arctic: Part I – Chemical composition and trace metal solubility

Cited by 28 publications

References 55 publications

Impact of snow deposition on major and trace element concentrations and elementary fluxes in surface waters of the Western Siberian Lowland across a 1700 km latitudinal gradient

Impact of snow deposition on major and trace element concentrations and elementary fluxes in surface waters of the Western Siberian Lowland across a 1700 km latitudinal gradient

Positive Matrix Factorization of 47 Years of Particle Measurements in Finnish Arctic

Analysis of Beta Attenuation Monitor Filter Rolls for Particulate Matter Speciation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Impact of snow deposition on major and trace element concentrations and elementary fluxes in surface waters of the Western Siberian Lowland across a 1700 km latitudinal gradient

Impact of snow deposition on major and trace element concentrations and elementary fluxes in surface waters of the Western Siberian Lowland across a 1700 km latitudinal gradient