Background Surgery for fixation of olecranon fractures is associated with reoperation, mostly for implant removal. A study of a large cohort of patients treated by many different surgeons allows us to determine if specific techniques or implants are associated with a higher rate of reoperation. Questions/purposes After open reduction and internal fixation of isolated olecranon fractures, what factors are associated with (1) reoperation and (2) implant removal? Methods Three hundred ninety-two adult patients who had operative treatment of a displaced olecranon fracture not associated with other fractures, dislocation, or subluxation at two area hospitals between January 2002 and May 2014 were analyzed to determine factors associated with reoperation. One hundred thirty-eight (35%) patients had plate and screw fixation and 254 (65%) tension band wiring. Nearly 100% of patients with displaced olecranon fractures are currently treated operatively at our hospitals. All patients were followed for at least four months. Two hundred three of the 392 (52%) patients were followed for one year or more. Ninety-nine patients (25%) had a second operation, 92 (93%) at least in part for implant removal (12 for wire migration [3% of all fractures, 12% of reoperations]). We considered patient-related, fracture-related, and implant-related endpoints as possible factors associated with reoperation. With a total sample size of 99 reoperations, an a of 0.05, and an effect size of 0.3, we had 87% power.One of the authors (DR) received grants from Skeletal Dynamics (Miami, FL, USA) in the amount of USD 10,000 to USD 100,000, other from Wright Medical (Memphis, TN, USA) in the amount of less than USD 10,000, personal fees from Biomet (Warsaw, IN, USA) in the amount of less than USD 10,000, personal fees from Acumed (Hillsboro, OR, USA) in the amount of less than USD 10,000), other from IlluminOss Medical, Inc (East Providence, RI, USA; stock options only), personal fees as Deputy Editor for the Journal of Hand Surgery (less than USD 10,000), personal fees as Deputy Editor for Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 1 (less than USD 10,000), personal fees from universities and hospitals (less than USD 10,000), and personal fees from lawyers (less than USD 10,000) outside the submitted work. All ICMJE Conflict of Interest Forms for authors and Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 1 editors and board members are on file with the publication and can be viewed on request. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 1 neither advocates nor endorses the use of any treatment, drug, or device. Readers are encouraged to always seek additional information, including FDAapproval status, of any drug or device prior to clinical use. Each author certifies that his or her institution approved the human protocol for this investigation, that all investigations were conducted in conformity with ethical principles of research, and that informed consent for participation in the study was obtained.
123Clin Orthop Relat Res (2016) 474:193-200 ...