Long-term NO2 exposures and cause-specific mortality in American older adults

Eum, Ki-Do; Kazemiparkouhi, Fatemeh; Wang, Bingyu; Manjourides, Justin; Pun, Vivian C.; Pavlu, Virgil; Suh, Helen

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.12.060

Cited by 61 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This finding strengthens NO 2 exhibiting a causal role in health effects (Mills et al 2016). Indeed, ambient NO 2 levels have been associated with cardiopulmonary mortality (Chen et al 2012, Samoli et al 2006, Eum et al 2019, Chiusolo et al 2011). In particular, epidemiological studies found a linear and positive association between short-term exposure to NO 2 and total, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality in several Chinese cities (Chen et al 2012.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…In particular, epidemiological studies found a linear and positive association between short-term exposure to NO 2 and total, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality in several Chinese cities (Chen et al 2012. Positive associations of outdoor NO 2 levels with hospital admissions of all cardiovascular causes, ischemic heart disease and stroke, and respiratory diseases were also found in American older adults (Eum et al 2019) and in Netherlands residents (Dijkema et al 2016). Taken together, NO 2 in fresh DE might contribute to more adverse cardiac effects in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Cardiovascular effects of diesel exhaust inhalation: photochemically altered versus freshly emitted in mice

Tong

Zavala

McIntosh-Kastrinsky

et al. 2019

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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This study was designed to compare the cardiovascular effects of inhaled photochemically-altered diesel exhaust (aged DE) to freshly-emitted DE (fresh DE) in female C57Bl/6 mice. Mice were exposed to either fresh DE, aged DE, or filtered air (FA) for 4 hr using an environmental irradiation chamber. Cardiac responses were assessed 8 hr after exposure utilizing Langendorff preparation with a protocol consisting of 20 min of perfusion and 20 min of ischemia followed by 2 hr of reperfusion. Cardiac function was measured by indices of left-ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and contractility (dP/dt) prior to ischemia. Recovery of post-ischemic LVDP was examined on reperfusion following ischemia. Fresh DE contained 460 μg/m 3 of particulate matter (PM), 0.29 ppm of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) and no ozone (O 3), while aged DE consisted of 330 μg/m 3 of PM, 0.23 ppm O 3 and no NO 2. Fresh DE significantly decreased LVDP, dP/dt max , and dP/dt min compared to FA. Aged DE also significantly reduced LVDP and dP/dt max. Data demonstrated that acute inhalation to either fresh or aged DE lowered LVDP and dP/dt, with a greater fall noted with fresh DE, suggesting that the composition of DE may play a key role in DEinduced adverse cardiovascular effects in female C57Bl/6 mice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Cardiovascular effects of diesel exhaust inhalation: photochemically altered versus freshly emitted in mice

Tong

Zavala

McIntosh-Kastrinsky

et al. 2019

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A

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“…NO 2 has been found to be associated with all-cause mortality [32], cardiovascular mortality [33], hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease [34], and admission for pneumonia [35]. Toxicological studies have suggested that NO 2 might damage macrophages, natural killer cells, and CD4 to CD8 ratios in the respiratory tract, leading to decreased mucociliary clearance and vulnerable respiratory epithelium [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient air pollution is associated with pediatric pneumonia: a time-stratified case–crossover study in an urban area

Cheng

Chen

et al. 2019

Environ Health

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Background Pneumonia, the leading reason underlying childhood deaths, may be triggered or exacerbated by air pollution. To date, only a few studies have examined the association of air pollution with emergency department (ED) visits for pediatric pneumonia, with inconsistent results. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the impact of short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) and other air pollutants on the incidence of ED visits for pediatric pneumonia. Methods PM 2.5 , PM 10 , and other air pollutant levels were measured at 11 air quality-monitoring stations in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, between 2008 and 2014. Further, we extracted the medical records of non-trauma patients aged ≤17 years and who had visited an ED with the principal diagnosis of pneumonia. A time-stratified case–crossover study design was employed to determine the hazard effect of air pollution in a total of 4024 patients. Results The single-pollutant model suggested that per interquartile range increment in PM 2.5 , PM 10 , nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) on 3 days before the event increased the odds of pediatric pneumonia by 14.0% [95% confidence interval (CI), 5.1–23.8%], 10.9% (95% CI, 2.4–20.0%), 14.1% (95% CI, 5.0–24.1%), and 4.5% (95% CI, 0.8–8.4%), respectively. In two-pollutant models, PM 2.5 and NO 2 were significant after adjusting for PM 10 and SO 2 . Subgroup analyses showed that older children (aged ≥4 years) were more susceptible to PM 2.5 (interaction p = 0.024) and children were more susceptible to NO 2 during warm days (≥26.5 °C, interaction p = 0.011). Conclusions Short-term exposure to PM 2.5 and NO 2 possibly plays an important role in pediatric pneumonia in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Older children are more susceptible to PM 2.5 , and all children are more susceptible to NO 2 during warm days.

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“…Traffic-related NO 2 exposure has been shown to be associated with increased risk of asthma and decreased lung function (Bowatte et al, 2017;Cai et al, 2017;McCreanor et al, 2007) and also rhinitis in adult population (Cesaroni et al, 2008;de Marco et al, 2002). In addition, high NO 2 levels has been associated with increased mortality for all causes, cardiovascular and respiratory mortality (Brunekreef et al, 2009;Eum et al, 2019;Hoek et al, 2013), and also pneumonia in older adults (Eum et al, 2019). With reference to SARS-CoV-2 infection, a recent spatial analysis has highlighted that up to 78% of COVID-19 deaths occurred in the five European areas located in Italy and Spain also showing the highest NO 2 levels, thus indicating a possible contribution to fatality by NO 2 long-term exposure (Ogen, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-detected tropospheric nitrogen dioxide and spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Northern Italy

Filippini

Rothman

Goffi³

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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Long-term NO2 exposures and cause-specific mortality in American older adults

Cited by 61 publications

References 26 publications

Cardiovascular effects of diesel exhaust inhalation: photochemically altered versus freshly emitted in mice

Cardiovascular effects of diesel exhaust inhalation: photochemically altered versus freshly emitted in mice

Ambient air pollution is associated with pediatric pneumonia: a time-stratified case–crossover study in an urban area

Satellite-detected tropospheric nitrogen dioxide and spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Northern Italy

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