Long-term Neural Embedding of Childhood Adversity in a Population-Representative Birth Cohort Followed for 5 Decades

Gehred, Maria Z.; Knodt, Annchen R.; Ambler, Antony; Bourassa, Kyle J.; Danese, Andrea; Elliott, M.; Hogan, Sean; Ireland, David; Poulton, Richie; Ramrakha, Sandhya; Reuben, Aaron; Sison, Maria L.; Moffitt, Terrie E.; Hariri, Ahmad R.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.02.971

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(140 reference statements)

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“…If they are misaligned, or ‘health diminishing’ then sub-optimal health trajectories may become established in childhood and worsen during adult life. For example, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have strong associations with alterations in structural mid-life brain integrity [ 20 ▪ ], whereas increasing breastfeeding duration could flatten the social gradient in adult chronic inflammation by as much as 80% [ 21 ▪ ].…”

Section: Models Of Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequality and child health: dynamic population health interventions

Halfon

Russ

Kahn

2021

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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Purpose of review Established social gradients across a wide range of child health issues including obesity, anxiety, infectious diseases, injuries, prematurity and low birth weight suggest that much illness is avoidable and there is an imperative to intervene in this whole of society issue. This review examines recent advances in understanding of the pathways to health and health inequalities and their application to interventions to improve health equity. Recent findings Children's health develops over the life course in ways that are profoundly influenced by their entire developmental ecosystem including individual, family, community and system-level factors. Interventions to address child health inequalities must include action on the structural determinants of health, a greater focus on family and community health development, and attention to the acquisition of developmental capabilities. Nascent dynamic population health initiatives that address whole developmental ecosystems such as All Children Thrive, Better Start Bradford and Generation V, hold real promise for achieving child health equity. Summary Pathways to health inequalities are driven by social and structural determinants of health. Interventions to address inequalities need to be driven less by older biomedical models, and more by prevailing ecological and complex systems models incorporating a life course health development approach.

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Section: Models Of Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequality and child health: dynamic population health interventions

Halfon

Russ

Kahn

2021

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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“…Identifying how different ACEs exposure on depression and cognitive impairment in adulthood could help reduce the risks across the life course (Gehred et al, 2021). However, to date, the underlying mechanisms about ACEs exposure and mental health are still not well-known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse childhood experiences and their impacts on subsequent depression and cognitive impairment in Chinese adults

Zhang

Kan

Jin

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are prevalent and have long lasting effects. This study aimed to explore the associations between ACEs exposure with subsequent depression and cognitive impairment and to assess whether sociodemographic characteristics modify these associations. Method: A total of 14,484 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2015 and life history survey in 2014 were enrolled. Depression was assessed by the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Cognitive performance was evaluated by three composite measures: episodic memory, mental intactness and global cognition. A wide range of 12 ACE indicators were measured by a validated questionnaire. Multiple regression models and stratified analysis explore the relationship between accumulated ACEs with subsequent depression and cognitive impairment and potential modifiers. Results: Compared with individuals without ACEs, those who experienced four or more ACEs have a higher risk of subsequent depression (adjusted odds ratio, aOR=2.65, 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 2.21-3.16), poorer mental intactness (β= -0.317 [-0.508 to -0.125]) and worse global cognition (β= -0.437 [-0.693 to -0.181]). Trend analyses showed a dose-response association between accumulated ACEs with subsequent depression and cognitive impairment. The modifications of the association by age, sex, educational level and family's financial status during childhood were not observed. Conclusion: Our study suggests that higher ACEs exposure increases the risk of subsequent depression and cognitive impairment in Chinese adults regardless of sociodemographic characteristics. The findings provide important implications for mitigating the adverse effects of early-life stress and promoting health in adulthood.

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“…Left and right cortical regions were examined separately given evidence of cortical structural asymmetry ( Kong et al, 2018 ). As in previous studies ( Gehred et al, 2021 , Luby et al, 2019 ), we averaged amygdala and hippocampal volumes across hemispheres, to reduce the number of tests in our main analyses and since we had no a priori hypothesis for laterality-specific effects. Left and right amygdala and hippocampus volumes, and the surface area and thickness of the cortical regions were studied using exploratory analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

No robust evidence for an interaction between early-life adversity and protective factors on global and regional brain volumes

Hidalgo

Tiemeier

Metcalf

et al. 2022

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

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Long-term Neural Embedding of Childhood Adversity in a Population-Representative Birth Cohort Followed for 5 Decades

Abstract: Long-term neural embedding of childhood adversity in a population-representative birth cohort followed for five decades, Biological Psychiatry (2021), doi:

Cited by 44 publications

References 65 publications

Inequality and child health: dynamic population health interventions

Inequality and child health: dynamic population health interventions

Adverse childhood experiences and their impacts on subsequent depression and cognitive impairment in Chinese adults

No robust evidence for an interaction between early-life adversity and protective factors on global and regional brain volumes

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