“…Different levels of dicarboximides-resistance variously accompanied by resistance to phenylpyrrole fungicides and reduced tolerance to high osmotic pressure point to polymorphism of Daf1 and with time become evident that there are at least five classes of responsible alleles (Hilber et al, 1995;Faretra & Pollastro, 1991;Faretra & Pollastro, 1993a, 1993bVignutelli et al, 2002;Baroffio et al, 2003). Recent studies suggested that an amino acid substitution of serine for isoleucine in the second unit of tandem amino acid repeats on 86 codon of BcOS1p gene is responsible for dicarboximides resistance in the field (Oshima et al, 2002).…”