Long-term molecular surveillance of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Spain

Gavín, P.; Iglesias, María José; Jiménez, María Soledad; Rodriguez-Valín, Elena; Ibarz, Daniel; Lezcano, María Antonia; Revillo, María José; Martı́n, Carlos; Samper, Sofía

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2011.05.016

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In several central Asian and eastern European countries, Ͼ30% of the newly diagnosed patients had MDR-TB, suggesting active transmission of primary drug-resistant strains (33). In several other countries, the primary transmission of MDR-/XDR-TB has been well documented (5,(34)(35)(36)(37). These reports showed that primary transmission played a major role in the epidemic of drug-resistant tuberculosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Evolution and Transmission Patterns of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in China

Wang

Shao

Fan

et al. 2015

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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The emergence and transmission of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) pose an increasing threat to global TB control. This study aimed to identify the patterns of evolution and transmission dynamics of XDR-TB in populations in a region of China where TB is highly endemic. We analyzed a total of 95 XDR-TB isolates collected from 2003 to 2009 in Chongqing, China. Eight drug resistance genes covering 7 drugs that define XDR-TB were amplified by PCR followed by DNA sequencing. Variable-number tandem repeat 16-locus (VNTR-16) genotyping and genotypic drug resistance profiles were used to determine the evolution or transmission patterns of XDR-TB strains. Our results indicated that the Beijing genotype was predominant (85/95 [89.5%]) in XDR-TB strains, and as many as 40.0% (38/95) of the isolates were distributed into 6 clusters based on VNTR-16 genotyping and drug resistance mutation profiles. All isolates of each cluster harbored as many as six identical resistance mutations in the drug resistance genes rpoB, katG, inhA promoter, embB, rpsL, and gidB. Among the nine cases with continuous isolates from multidrug-resistant (MDR) to XDR-TB, 4 cases represented acquired drug resistance, 4 cases were caused by transmission, and 1 case was due to exogenous superinfection. The XDR-TB epidemic in China is mainly caused by a high degree of clonal transmission, but evolution from MDR to XDR and even superinfection with a new XDR strain can also occur.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Evolution and Transmission Patterns of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in China

Wang

Shao

Fan

et al. 2015

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…In Spain, 33% of 480 MDR M. tuberculosis isolates isolated between 1998 and 2008 formed 31 clusters; EuroAmerican family genotypes (T, Haarlem, and LAM) are the most frequently detected genotypes among MDR M. tuberculosis strains. Strains of the Beijing genotype were noted but were restricted to immigrants from Eastern Europe (496). In Poland, analysis of 46 MDR TB isolates obtained in 2004 showed that 30% (n ϭ 14) of them formed 5 clusters by MIRU-VNTR typing, although evidence for direct transmission was found for only 4 of the clustered cases (497).…”

Section: Applications Of Strain Typing To M Tuberculosis Complex Isomentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodological and Clinical Aspects of the Molecular Epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Other Mycobacteria

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYMolecular typing has revolutionized epidemiological studies of infectious diseases, including those of a mycobacterial etiology. With the advent of fingerprinting techniques, many traditional concepts regarding transmission, infectivity, or pathogenicity of mycobacterial bacilli have been revisited, and their conventional interpretations have been challenged. Since the mid-1990s, when the first typing methods were introduced, a plethora of other modalities have been proposed. So-called molecular epidemiology has become an essential subdiscipline of modern mycobacteriology. It serves as a resource for understanding the key issues in the epidemiology of tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases. Among these issues are disclosing sources of infection, quantifying recent transmission, identifying transmission links, discerning reinfection from relapse, tracking the geographic distribution and clonal expansion of specific strains, and exploring the genetic mechanisms underlying specific phenotypic traits, including virulence, organ tropism, transmissibility, or drug resistance. Since genotyping continues to unravel the biology of mycobacteria, it offers enormous promise in the fight against and prevention of the diseases caused by these pathogens. In this review, molecular typing methods forMycobacterium tuberculosisand nontuberculous mycobacteria elaborated over the last 2 decades are summarized. The relevance of these methods to the epidemiological investigation, diagnosis, evolution, and control of mycobacterial diseases is discussed.

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“…The MDR TB studies carried out in Spain showed the Euro-American as the more prevalent lineage [23], and that a few LAM and Haarlem strains, which belong to this lineage, played a major role in the spread of MDR strains [24]. According to this, the 90% of the tuberculosis strains analysed in this work belong to this lineage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis used for the phylogeny of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex based on a pyrosequencing assay

et al. 2014

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BackgroundDifferent polymorphisms have been described as markers to classify the lineages of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. The analysis of nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was used to describe seven SNPs cluster groups (SCGs). We attempted to classify those strains that could not been categorized into lineages by the genotyping methods used in the routine testing.ResultsThe M. tuberculosis complex isolates collected in 2010 in our region were analysed. A new method based on multiplex-PCRs and pyrosequencing to analyse these SNPs was designed. For the pyrosequencing assay nine SNPs that defined the seven SCGs were selected from the literature: 1977, 74092, 105139, 232574, 311613, 913274, 2460626, 3352929 and gyrA95. In addition, SNPs in katG463, mgtC 182 , Ag85C103 and RDRio deletion were detected.ConclusionsThis work has permitted to achieve a better classification of Aragonian strains into SCGs and in some cases, to assign strains to its certain lineage. Besides, the description of a new pattern shared by two isolates “SCG-6c” reinforces the interest of SNPs to follow the evolution of M. tuberculosis complex.

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Long-term molecular surveillance of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Spain

Cited by 18 publications

References 23 publications

Evolution and Transmission Patterns of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in China

Evolution and Transmission Patterns of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in China

Methodological and Clinical Aspects of the Molecular Epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Other Mycobacteria

Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis used for the phylogeny of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex based on a pyrosequencing assay

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