Long Term High-Fat Diet-Induced Modification of Vascular Wall and Perivascular Adipose Tissue-Mediated Oxidative Stress: Consequences for Endothelium-Independent Vascular Function in Rats

Sánchez, Carlos

doi:10.23937/2378-2951/1410097

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Many studies have shown that high fat diets contribute to vascular dysfunction. In animal models, abnormalities in vascular reactivity consist primarily of increased contractility and reduced vasodilation associated to endothelial dysfunction [47]. Endothelial function can be reflected by acetylcholine-induced relaxation [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Highly Saturated versus Unsaturated Fat Intake on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Vascular Reactivity in Rat

Djohan

Raynaud

Lambert

et al. 2022

Biochemistry Research International

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Palm olein (PO) and lard are considered harmful to health because of their highly saturated fatty acid content. On the contrary, olive oil (OO) with its high level of polyunsaturated fatty acids is considered healthier. This study aims to evaluate the effects of high consumption of these oils on carbohydrate metabolism and vascular function. Male Wistar rats were fed ad libitum for 12 weeks with different high fat diets (HFD) containing 30% of each oil. Systemic glycemia, insulinemia, and lipidemia were assessed by routine methods or by ELISA. GLUT4 muscular expression and hepatic and muscular Akt phosphorylation were analyzed by western blot. Vascular function was evaluated, ex vivo, on aortic rings and on the variations of isometric tensions. The results show that fasting blood glucose was increased with PO and OO diets and decreased with lard. Compared to control diet, this increase was significant only with PO diet. The area under the curve of IPGTT was increased in all HFD groups. Compared to control diet, this increase was significant only with PO. In contrast, stimulation of the pathway with insulin showed a significant decrease in Akt phosphorylation in all HFD compared to control diet. KCl and phenylephrine induced strong, dose-dependent vasoconstriction of rat aortas in all groups, but KCl EC50 values were increased with lard and OO diets. The inhibitory effect of tempol was absent in PO and lard and attenuated in OO. Vascular insulin sensitivity was decreased in all HFD groups. This decreased sensitivity of insulin was more important with PO and lard when compared to OO diet. In conclusion, the results of this study clearly show that high consumption of palm olein, olive oil, and lard can compromise glucose tolerance and thus insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, palm olein and lard have a more deleterious effect than olive oil on the contractile function of the aorta. Excessive consumption of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids is harmful to health, regardless of their vegetable or animal origin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Highly Saturated versus Unsaturated Fat Intake on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Vascular Reactivity in Rat

Djohan

Raynaud

Lambert

et al. 2022

Biochemistry Research International

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“…NOX has been suggested as a source of ROS in obese abdominal aortic PVAT, which was evidenced by the upregulation of p67phox subunit [ 4 ]. In long-term HFD-fed rats, increased expressions of cytochrome c oxidase, GPx, and UCP-1 and a decreased expression of p22phox were detected in the aortic PVAT [ 103 ]. In the early stages of obesity, the overproduction of NO could preserve vascular function in mesenteric arteries [ 62 ].…”

Section: Pvat Oxidative Stress In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Perivascular Adipose Tissue Oxidative Stress in Obesity

et al. 2023

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Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) adheres to most systemic blood vessels in the body. Healthy PVAT exerts anticontractile effects on blood vessels and further protects against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Healthy PVAT regulates vascular homeostasis via secreting an array of adipokine, hormones, and growth factors. Normally, homeostatic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PVAT act as secondary messengers in various signalling pathways and contribute to vascular tone regulation. Excessive ROS are eliminated by the antioxidant defence system in PVAT. Oxidative stress occurs when the production of ROS exceeds the endogenous antioxidant defence, leading to a redox imbalance. Oxidative stress is a pivotal pathophysiological process in cardiovascular and metabolic complications. In obesity, PVAT becomes dysfunctional and exerts detrimental effects on the blood vessels. Therefore, redox balance in PVAT emerges as a potential pathophysiological mechanism underlying obesity-induced cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarise new findings describing different ROS, the major sources of ROS and antioxidant defence in PVAT, as well as potential pharmacological intervention of PVAT oxidative stress in obesity.

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Obesity, Dysmetabolic and Proinflammatory Milieu of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Morong

González

2022

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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Long Term High-Fat Diet-Induced Modification of Vascular Wall and Perivascular Adipose Tissue-Mediated Oxidative Stress: Consequences for Endothelium-Independent Vascular Function in Rats

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Impact of Highly Saturated versus Unsaturated Fat Intake on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Vascular Reactivity in Rat

Impact of Highly Saturated versus Unsaturated Fat Intake on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Vascular Reactivity in Rat

Perivascular Adipose Tissue Oxidative Stress in Obesity

Obesity, Dysmetabolic and Proinflammatory Milieu of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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