Long-term fasting leads to preferential catabolism of His, Arg, and branched-chain amino acids in the dorsal muscle of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio): Potential preferential use of amino acids as energy substrates

He, Wei; Li, Peipei; Yan, Huiguo; Han, Dong

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.737967

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…This phenomenon might be related to the metabolism of their body nutrients under starvation. In previous studies, it has been reported that short-term fasting treatment inhibited the Glycolysis-related genes Hexokinase ( Hk ) and pyruvate kinase ( Pk ) activity and enhanced the activity of gluconeogenesis-related genes Pck1 in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) 26 and Black carp ( Mylopharyngodon piceus ) 27 ; and long-term fasting treatment led the decreasing of fat and body protein in Gibel carp ( Carassius auratus gibelio ), which up-regulated the amino acids metabolism-related genes such as Arg2 28 . In this study, the LMB in the NAD group could not metabolize the lipids in artificial pelleted diets, and the starvation led to the decomposition of their stored protein and enhanced the gluconeogenesis in the liver to provide the energy, and caused the up-regulation of the Pck1 , Arg1 , and Arg2 genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal the mechanism of easy acceptance of artificial pelleted diets during food habit domestication in Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

Du,

Shao,

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Acceptance of artificial pelleted diets contributes to increasing the cultured areas and output of carnivorous fish. However, the mechanism of acceptance of artificial pelleted diets remains largely unknown. In this study, the easy acceptance of artificial pelleted diets (EAD) group and the not easy acceptance of artificial pelleted diets (NAD) group of Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) were divided based on the ratios of stomach weight/body weight (SB) after 0.5 h feeding, which was bigger than 18% in the EAD group and ranged from 8 to 12% in the NAD group. Through transcriptome and proteome sequencing, a total of 2463 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 230 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified, respectively. Integrated analyses of transcriptome and proteome data revealed that 152 DEPs were matched with the corresponding DEGs (named co-DEGs-DEPs), and 54 co-DEGs-DEPs were enriched in 16 KEGG pathways, including the metabolic pathways, steroid biosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis, etc. Furthermore, 3 terpenoid backbone biosynthesis-related genes (Hmgcr, Hmgcs, and Fdps) in metabolic pathways, 10 steroid biosynthesis-related genes (Fdft1, Sqle, Lss, Cyp51a1, Tm7sf2, Nsdhl, Hsd17b7, Dhcr24, Sc5d, and Dhcr7), and 3 fatty acid biosynthesis-related genes (Acaca, Fasn, and Ascl) were all up-regulated in the EAD group, suggesting that the lipid metabolism pathway and steroid biosynthesis pathway play important roles in early food habit domestication in Largemouth bass. In addition, the detection results of randomly selected 15 DEGs and 15 DEPs indicated that both transcriptome and proteome results in the study were reliable. Our study provides useful information for further research on the mechanisms of food habit domestication in fish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal the mechanism of easy acceptance of artificial pelleted diets during food habit domestication in Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

Du,

Shao,

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Fasting is a dynamic adaptive metabolic state when the intake of exogenous nutrient is lacking. In state of fasting, BCAA were preferential catabolism in the dorsal muscle of Carassius auratus gibelio as energy substrates, and BCAA catabolism in mice skeletal muscle is required to provide carbon substrates for gluconeogenesis to maintain glucose homoeostasis (15,51) . Meanwhile, the circadian clock acts as an internal time-keeping mechanism to maintain homoeostasis in response to environment changings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The circadian rhythm regulates branched-chain amino acids metabolism in fast muscle of Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi) during short-term fasting by Clock-KLF15-Bcat2 pathway

et al. 2022

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As an internal time keeping mechanism, circadian rhythm plays crucial role in maintaining homeostasis when in response to nutrition change, meanwhile, branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in skeletal muscle play an important role in preserving energy homeostasis during fasting. Previous results from our lab suggested that fasting can influence peripheral circadian rhythm and BCAAs metabolism in fish, but the relationship between circadian rhythm and BCAAs metabolism, and whether circadian rhythm regulates BCAAs metabolism to maintain physiological homeostasis during fasting remains unclear. This study shows that the expression of 15 core clock genes, as well as KLF15 and Bcat2 is highly responsive to short-term fasting in fast muscle of Siniperca chuatsi, and the correlation coefficient between Clock and KLF15 expression is enhanced after fasting treatment. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the transcriptional expression of KLF15 is regulated by Clock, and the transcriptional expression of Bcat2 is regulated by KLF15 by using dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and Vivo-Morpholinos mediated gene knockdown technique. Therefore, fasting imposes a dynamic coordination of transcription between the circadian rhythm and BCAAs metabolic pathways. The findings highlight the interaction between circadian rhythm and BCAAs metabolism, and suggest that fasting induces a switch in KLF15 expression through affecting the rhythmic expression of Clock, and then KLF15 promotes the transcription of Bcat2 to enhance the metabolism of BCAAs, thus maintaining energy homeostasis and providing energy for skeletal muscle as well as other tissues.

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“…Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; leucine, isoleucine, and valine) are essential for fish and play a critical role in maintaining homeostasis in the internal environment [ 6 ]. Fish rely on the mobilization of muscle BCAA catabolism for adaptive regulation of starvation during nutrient deprivation [ 7 , 8 ], as demonstrated by the impact of muscle BCAA metabolism during fasting in gibel carp or Nile tilapia [ 9 , 10 ]. BCAAs are the only essential amino acids metabolized at high rates in skeletal muscle; therefore, they are used as anabolizing signals, promoting insulin release, as a substrate for protein synthesis, or in hormonal regulation to influence feeding and blood glucose regulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the Potential Roles of Branched-Chain Amino Acids in the Regulation of Muscle Growth in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Based on Transcriptome and MicroRNA Sequencing

Cao

Han

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Nutrition

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Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) can be critically involved in skeletal muscle growth and body energy homeostasis. Skeletal muscle growth is a complex process; some muscle-specific microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of muscle thickening and muscle mass. Additionally, the regulatory network between miRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) in the modulation of the role of BCAAs on skeletal muscle growth in fish has not been studied. In this study, common carp was starved for 14 days, followed by a 14-day gavage therapy with BCAAs, to investigate some of the miRNAs and genes that contribute to the regulation of normal growth and maintenance of skeletal muscle in response to short-term BCAA starvation stress. Subsequently, the transcriptome and small RNAome sequencing of carp skeletal muscle were performed. A total of 43,414 known and 1,112 novel genes were identified, in addition to 142 known and 654 novel miRNAs targeting 22,008 and 33,824 targets, respectively. Based on their expression profiles, 2,146 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 84 differentially expressed miRNA (DEMs) were evaluated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathways, including the proteasome, phagosome, autophagy in animals, proteasome activator complex, and ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process, were enriched for these DEGs and DEMs. Our findings revealed the role of atg5, map1lc3c, ctsl, cdc53, psma6, psme2, myl9, and mylk in skeletal muscle growth, protein synthesis, and catabolic metabolism. Furthermore, miR-135c, miR-192, miR-194, and miR-203a may play key roles in maintaining the normal activities of the organism by regulating genes related to muscle growth, protein synthesis, and catabolism. This study on transcriptome and miRNA reveals the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of muscle protein deposition and provides new insights into genetic engineering techniques to improve common carp muscle development.

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Long-term fasting leads to preferential catabolism of His, Arg, and branched-chain amino acids in the dorsal muscle of gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio): Potential preferential use of amino acids as energy substrates

Cited by 9 publications

References 53 publications

Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal the mechanism of easy acceptance of artificial pelleted diets during food habit domestication in Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses reveal the mechanism of easy acceptance of artificial pelleted diets during food habit domestication in Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)

The circadian rhythm regulates branched-chain amino acids metabolism in fast muscle of Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi) during short-term fasting by Clock-KLF15-Bcat2 pathway

Determining the Potential Roles of Branched-Chain Amino Acids in the Regulation of Muscle Growth in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Based on Transcriptome and MicroRNA Sequencing

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