Long-term Exercise and Atherogenic Activity of Blood Mononuclear Cells in Persons at Risk of Developing Ischemic Heart Disease

Smith, John K.; Dykes, Rhesa; Douglas, John E.; Krishnaswamy, Guha; Berk, Steven I.

doi:10.1097/00008483-199911000-00018

Cited by 34 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…A closer look at the results in the present study reveals that most of the diVerences in resistin by VPA groups were in the normal weight boys (P = 0.017 for independent t-test), underscoring the speculation that resitin diVerences could be simply related to body fat. Our Wndings related to TNF-and IL-6 do not totally agree with the literature in adults (Esposito et al 2003;Jankord and Jemiolo 2004;Monzillo et al 2003;Smith et al 1999) or adolescent girls (Ischlander et al 2007). The mean cytokines concentrations in our subjects were low and presented great variability within each group.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

“…Resistin is produced, not only by adipose tissue, but also by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (Patel et al 2003). In adults, the production of other proinXammatory cytokines from peripheral blood mononuclear cells is reduced after exercise training (Smith et al 1999), therefore it is possible that lower resistin concentrations are related to lower production by peripheral cells. A closer look at the results in the present study reveals that most of the diVerences in resistin by VPA groups were in the normal weight boys (P = 0.017 for independent t-test), underscoring the speculation that resitin diVerences could be simply related to body fat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vigorous physical activity and cytokines in adolescents

et al. 2008

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Habitual physical activity and chronic exercise may positively influence circulating cytokines in youth as in adults. The purpose of this study was to determine if adolescents reporting higher amounts of physical activity had a better cytokine profile independent of weight status. We compared the concentrations of cytokines in highly active (n = 60) and less active adolescents (n = 60) of different weight status [normal weight (BMI < 75th percentile), and overweight (BMI > 95th percentile)]. Vigorous physical activity (VPA) was obtained through a questionnaire and included activities with a MET level of > or =6. Adiponectin, resistin, TNF-alpha and IL-6 were measured in fasting plasma samples. Anovas indicated that girls with high VPA had higher adiponectin than girls with low VPA (P < 0.05), but similar resistin, TNF-alpha and IL-6 concentrations (P > 0.05). Boys with high VPA had only a trend to lower resistin than those with low VPA (P = 0.052). Differences between VPA groups were independent of weight status. In adolescents, higher amounts of accumulated habitual VPA may improve some cytokines, reducing the risk of inflammation associated with increased adiposity and insulin resistance. The effect of physical activity appears to be independent of weight status.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vigorous physical activity and cytokines in adolescents

et al. 2008

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“…Exercise intervention programs in patients at-risk for heart disease result in a reduction of inflammatory markers, including a 35% reduction in serum levels of C-reactive protein, a 58.3% reduction in mononuclear cell production of atherogenic cytokines (IL-1α, TNF-α, and IFN-Γ) and a 35.9% increase in atheroprotective cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β1) (Smith, Dykes, Douglas, Krishnaswamy, & Berk, 1999). In a related study, marathon runners were followed for 9 months of training: median levels of C-reactive protein decreased from 1.19 mg/L to 0.82 mg/L, whereas a group of non-exercisers displayed no change during these same nine months (Mattusch et al, 2000).…”

Section: Physiological and Biological Effects Of Reduced Exercise Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Physiological and Mood Changes Induced by Exercise Withdrawal"

Berlin¹

2004

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Participation in regular exercise has been associated with decreased prevalence of depressed mood, whereas transient periods of reduced activity result in decreased fitness. However, most research in these areas is limited by crosssectional designs precluding inferences about causality. The present study examined the effect of systematically controlled withdrawal of high activity levels on psychological measures and fitness. It was hypothesized that decreases in fitness level would contribute to the development of negative mood following withdrawal of high activity. Regularly exercising participants (N=40) were randomly assigned either to withdrawal of high activity or continued usual high activity levels for two weeks. Exercise withdrawal resulted in increased negative mood (ρ<0.01), and these increases were correlated with decreases in fitness level (r=0.39, ρ=0.014). This association became non-significant when statistically adjusting for baseline fitness levels and group condition (ρ=0.12), suggesting that fitness decline does not fully explain the psychological symptoms associated with exercise withdrawal. Report Documentation PageForm Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. REPORT DATE INTRODUCTIONSedentary individuals are at elevated risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality as well as a wide range of other physical and mental disorders (Blair et al., 1996;Meyers et al., 2002). Low physical activity levels are associated with biological and psychological risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, most research in this area is limited by cross-sectional designs, precluding inferences about causality (Weyerer & Kupfer, 1994;Mensink, Deketh, Schuit, & Hoffmeister, 1996).Participation in exercise has been associated with improved mood and decreased stress reactivity, while transient periods of reduced activity (e.g., prolonged bed rest) result in physiological changes, among which are decreased fitness level (VO 2 max) and biological changes, such as increased markers of inflammation and coagulation (Convertino, 1997;Crandall, Engelke, Pawelczyk, Raven, & Convertino, 1994;Cruickshank, Golrlin, & Jennet, 1988). However, the naturalistic setting poses limitations to the conclusions that can be reached from these studies ...

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“…There are many studies examining the effect of exercise training on inflammatory risk factors of coronary artery disease (CAD) [10,23,34,35]. Geffken and colleagues (2001) found the amount of regular physical activity to be inversely related to hsCRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geffken and colleagues (2001) found the amount of regular physical activity to be inversely related to hsCRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) [10]. Mattusch et al (2000) found that 9 months of marathon training results in a 31% decrease in hsCRP [23], Smith et al (1999) reported that decrease in hsCRP (−35%) after 6months of exercise training in individual with high risk for ischemic heart disease [34], and Adamopoulos et al (2002) reported that physical training reduces plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) [35]. Although these studies demonstrated that exercise training or physical activity could improve inflammatory cytokines and hsCRP, there was no study examining the effect of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and exercise after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on these factors in CAD patients, except for one- Milani and colleagues (2004) reported that CR and exercise training significantly improved numerous cardiovascular risk factors, in particular hsCRP [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial effects of cardiac rehabilitation and exercise after percutaneous coronary intervention on hsCRP and inflammatory cytokines in CAD patients

Kim

Shin

Bae

et al. 2007

Pflugers Arch - Eur J Physiol

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Recent studies showed that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), as well as high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels are predictive factors of cardiovascular risk. However, the effect of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) intervention in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients on these factors is not known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of CR and exercise on hsCRP and inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with CAD after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). CAD patients who underwent PCI were divided into a CR and exercise group (CRE, n = 29) or a control group (CON, n = 10). CR and exercise consisted of 6 weeks supervised exercise training and 8 weeks home-based, self-managed exercise. Compared to pre-experimental levels, TNF-alpha (by 20.4%; p = 0.006) and IL-6 (by 49.0%; p < 0.0001), as well as hsCRP (by 59.4%; p < 0.0001), were markedly decreased after CR and exercise in CAD patients but not in control group, except for IL-6 (by 41.6%; p = 0.001). However, there was no significant alteration of adiposity-related variables such as BMI, percent body fat, and waist circumferences, in both groups. We suggest that CR and exercise in CAD patients after PCI induce significant reduction in hsCRP and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-6), and marked increase in exercise tolerance and capacity.

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Long-term Exercise and Atherogenic Activity of Blood Mononuclear Cells in Persons at Risk of Developing Ischemic Heart Disease

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Vigorous physical activity and cytokines in adolescents

Vigorous physical activity and cytokines in adolescents

"Physiological and Mood Changes Induced by Exercise Withdrawal"

Beneficial effects of cardiac rehabilitation and exercise after percutaneous coronary intervention on hsCRP and inflammatory cytokines in CAD patients

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