Long-term environmental impact of coral mining at the Wakatobi marine park, Indonesia

Caras, Tamir; Pasternak, Zohar

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2009.08.006

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Threats faced by the reefs in this area include destructive fishing activities (e.g., blast fishing and poison fishing) (De Vantier & Turak, 2004) and mining which targets iron ore and other minerals. Such trends are similar to those faced by other reefs throughout Indonesia (e.g., Edinger et al, 2008; Caras & Pasternak, 2009; Lasut et al, 2010; Edinger, 2012; Reichelt-Brushett, 2012). At Bangka Island, the mine (managed by a foreign company) started in 2013 but has since closed in July 2015.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 76%

Baseline reef health surveys at Bangka Island (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) reveal new threats

Ponti

Fratangeli²,

Dondi³

et al. 2016

PeerJ

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Worldwide coral reef decline appears to be accompanied by an increase in the spread of hard coral diseases. However, whether this is the result of increased direct and indirect human disturbances and/or an increase in natural stresses remains poorly understood. The provision of baseline surveys for monitoring coral health status lays the foundations to assess the effects of any such anthropogenic and/or natural effects on reefs. Therefore, the objectives of this present study were to provide a coral health baseline in a poorly studied area, and to investigate possible correlations between coral health and the level of anthropogenic and natural disturbances. During the survey period, we recorded 20 different types of coral diseases and other compromised health statuses. The most abundant were cases of coral bleaching, followed by skeletal deformations caused by pyrgomatid barnacles, damage caused by fish bites, general pigmentation response and galls caused by cryptochirid crabs. Instances of colonies affected by skeletal eroding bands, and sedimentation damage increased in correlation to the level of bio-chemical disturbance and/or proximity to villages. Moreover, galls caused by cryptochirid crabs appeared more abundant at sites affected by blast fishing and close to a newly opened metal mine. Interestingly, in the investigated area the percentage of corals showing signs of ‘common’ diseases such as black band disease, brown band disease, white syndrome and skeletal eroding band disease were relatively low. Nevertheless, the relatively high occurrence of less common signs of compromised coral-related reef health, including the aggressive overgrowth by sponges, deserves further investigation. Although diseases appear relatively low at the current time, this area may be at the tipping point and an increase in activities such as mining may irredeemably compromise reef health.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 76%

Baseline reef health surveys at Bangka Island (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) reveal new threats

Ponti

Fratangeli²,

Dondi³

et al. 2016

PeerJ

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“…Excessive coral extraction would negatively impact on other reef organisms, decrease reef condition and thereby further reduce the productivity (and economic value) of dependent fisheries e.g. [11,[51][52][53].…”

Section: Inter-village Variation In Coral Reef Provisioning Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over 85% of coral reefs in the Coral Triangle region are at risk from global climate driven threats like coral bleaching and ocean acidification as well as local stressors including overharvesting, destructive fishing, land runoff and coastal development [4,6,8,9]. The extraction of corals for the aquarium and curio trades and mining for construction materials and lime are an important localized issue on many reefs in the region [1,[10][11][12][13][14]. Spurgeon [15] described as some of the "root causes" of a cycle of coral reef degradation; development issues such as population growth, poverty, and food security; governance issues such as enforcement; and market failures and externalities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaping the reef: Provisioning services from coral reefs in Solomon Islands

et al. 2015

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a b s t r a c tThe marine biodiversity in the Coral Triangle sustains the livelihoods of roughly 100 million coastal people, yet this region is under threat from numerous local and global stressors. Regional actions underway to address coastal and marine degradation and an improve understanding of the social-ecological links between people and their environment. Economic assessments of coral reef provisioning services afforded to rural communities in Solomon Islands identified a diverse range of fisheries-based (fish, seaweed, clam, trochus, crayfish and shells) and coral-based (sand, rubble, stone, and corals for lime, aquarium and curio trades) products. Fisheries products (in particular reef fish) were important for both village subsistence and cash economies, providing the equivalent of US $5173 (7 515) annually per respondent. In contrast, coral products contributed the equivalent of US $2213 (7 396) annually per respondent, primarily to cash economies, particularly in study villages located in close proximity to national markets. Extractive coral activities have the potential to reduce reef resilience, diminish the viability of fisheries and so compromise the livelihoods of dependent communities. Improved management, legislative review and livelihood diversification strategies are likely to be required to manage coral reefs and the ecosystem services they provide across the Coral Triangle region.

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“…Limpasan antropogenik dari wilayah daratan telah diketahui menjadi ancaman terhadap diversitas dan biopotensi yang dikandung oleh invetebrata laut (Aeby et al, 2011;Januar et al, 2015a). Aktivitas masyarakat lainnya, seperti penambangan karang ataupun pengambilan sumberdaya perikanan yang tidak ramah lingkungan, juga menjadi faktor antropogenik yang mengancam keberlangsungan terumbu karang (Caras & Pasternak, 2009). Oleh karena itu, sistem konservasi di kawasan perairan Pulau Banda harus lebih dioptimalkan, untuk menjaga keberlangsungan plasma nutfah penghasil senyawa bioaktif yang terdapat di perairan ini.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Bahasanunclassified

Sitotoksisitas Invertebrata Laut sebagai Biomarker Lingkungan di Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Pulau Banda

Pratitis

Susilowati

Januar

2017

JPBKP

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ABSTRAKPenelitian di bidang ekologi menunjukkan bahwa wilayah terumbu karang yang terjaga dengan baik oleh konservasi menjadi tempat yang ideal bagi biota invertebrata untuk menghasilkan senyawa bioaktif farmakologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan memperoleh informasi mengenai sitotoksisitas dari spons, karang lunak dan ascidian yang berasal dari perairan Pulau Banda. Informasi sitotoksisitas invertebrata laut tersebut selanjutnya digunakan sebagai acuan dalam mempelajari sistem konservasi yang telah dilakukan. Lima j enis invertebrata laut (Sarcophyton sp., Nephthea sp., Hyrtios sp., Stylissa sp., dan Polycarpa sp.) diambil (lima ulangan acak) di kawasan konservasi Pantai Wali, Desa Solomon, Pulau Banda. Penapisan sitotoksisitas dilakukan terhadap ekstrak etanol dari keseluruhan sampel. Hasil penapisan memperlihatkan bahwa Stylissa sp. merupakan biota yang paling potensial karena ekstrak etanol dari Stylissa sp. memiliki daya sitotoksisitas tertinggi dibandingkan jenis invertebrata yang diujikan lainnya. Namun demikian, sitotoksisitas biota-biota yang diperoleh dari perairan ini tergolong rendah. Perbandingan multidimensional scaling (MDS) nilai sitotoksisitas antara sampel invertebrata dari perairan Banda dan perairan lainnya menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik perairan Pulau Banda berada pada level baik dan rendah. Oleh karena itu, sistem konservasi harus dioptimasi lebih lanjut agar dapat menjaga keberlangsungan plasma nutfah di perairan Pulau Banda. KATA KUNCI : ascidian, karang lunak, spons, perairan Pulau Banda, sitotoksisitas ABSTRACT Research in the field of ecology showed that the well-preserved coral reef in conservation regions is an ideal place for invertebrates to produce their active compounds. This study aims to obtain the information about the cytotoxicity of sponges, soft corals and ascidians that were collected from Banda Island water. The cytotoxicity information of those marine invertebrates were used as a benchmark in studying the conservation system that have been applied in

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Long-term environmental impact of coral mining at the Wakatobi marine park, Indonesia

Cited by 37 publications

References 12 publications

Baseline reef health surveys at Bangka Island (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) reveal new threats

Baseline reef health surveys at Bangka Island (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) reveal new threats

Reaping the reef: Provisioning services from coral reefs in Solomon Islands

Sitotoksisitas Invertebrata Laut sebagai Biomarker Lingkungan di Kawasan Konservasi Perairan Pulau Banda

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