Long‐term effects of exercise and amino acid supplementation on muscle mass, physical function and falls in community‐dwelling elderly <scp>J</scp>apanese sarcopenic women: A 4‐year follow‐up study

Kim, Hunkyung; Suzuki, Takao; Saito, Kyoko; Kojima, Narumi; Hosoi, Erika; Yoshida, Hideyo

doi:10.1111/ggi.12448

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As well as exercises, nutritional interventions are proved to be important aspects. There are several studies that showed the additive effects of supplementation with protein [ 56 , 57 ], amino acids [ 58 ] to exercise intervention.…”

Section: Prevention Of the Onset And Progression Of Lsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locomotive syndrome in Japan

Ishibashi

2018

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

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The present aging rate in Japan of some 28% will continue to increase along with the advancing age of elderly persons. Therefore, the demand for care will also increase. Approximately 25% of the need for nursing-care defined by the Japanese long-term care insurance system is associated with disorders or deterioration of locomotive organs. Therefore, the prevention and treatment of diseases in the locomotor system and maintenance of motor function are important for extended healthy life span and to decrease the demand for long-term care. Based on this background, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) proposed the concept of locomotive syndrome (LS) in 2007, which is defined as reduced mobility due to impaired locomotive organs. Changes in locomotion must be noticed early to ensure the timely implementation of appropriate checks and measures of locomotion can uncover risk of acquiring LS. The acquisition of an exercise habit, appropriate nutrition, being active and evaluating and treating locomotion-related diseases are important to delay or avoid LS. The JOA recommends locomotion training consisting of four exercises to prevent and improve LS. Countermeasures against LS should become a meaningful precedent not only for Japan, but for other countries with rapidly aging populations.

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Section: Prevention Of the Onset And Progression Of Lsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Locomotive syndrome in Japan

Ishibashi

2018

Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

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“…These two studies were therefore included in the final analyses. Nine studies used retrospective falls data collection methods rather than the gold standard prospective falls diary method [8,9,15,16,[21][22][23][24][25]. A post hoc sensitivity analysis was undertaken to explore impact on falls rate; exclusion of these nine studies did not change the magnitude of the effect estimate, therefore, all studies were included in the meta-analysis.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term follow-up of exercise interventions aimed at preventing falls in older people living in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

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Background Fall-related injuries are the leading cause of accident-related mortality for older adults, with 30% of those aged 65 years and over falling annually. Exercise is effective in reducing rate and risk of falls in community-dwelling adults; however, there is lack of evidence for the long-term effects of exercise. Objectives To assess the long-term effect of exercise interventions on preventing falls in community-dwelling older adults. Data Sources Searches were undertaken on MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL, psycINFO, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and The Cochrane Library from inception to April 2017. Study selection Randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies or secondary analyses of RCTs with long-term follow-up (>12 months) of exercise interventions involving community-dwelling older adults (65 and over) compared to a control group. Data extraction/ Data synthesis Pairs of review authors independently extracted data. Review Manager (RevMan 5.1) was used for meta-analysis and data were extracted using rate ratio (RaR) and risk ratio (RR). Results Twenty-four studies (7818 participants) were included. The overall pooled estimate of the effect of exercise on rate of falling beyond 12-month follow-up was rate ratio (RaR) 0.79 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.71 to 0.88) and risk of falling was risk ratio (RR) 0.83 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.92) Subgroup analyses revealed that there was no sustained effect on rate or risk of falling beyond two years post intervention. Conclusions Falls prevention exercise programmes have sustained long-term effects on the number of people falling and the number of falls for up to two years after an exercise intervention.Systematic review registration number CRD42017062461.

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“…In industrialised countries, physical activity levels in older adults are low, with 40-60% of the older adults not meeting the recommendations for physical activity [8,9]. Although exercise has been proved to be effective in reversing losses of muscle mass [6,10], studies investigating the effect of general physical activity on the prevention of sarcopenia show inconsistent results [11]. For example, Ryu et al, using data from a cross-sectional Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, report that moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with a reduced risk of sarcopenia [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and incidence of sarcopenia: the population-based AGES—Reykjavik Study

et al. 2016

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Background: the prevalence of sarcopenia increases with age. Physical activity might slow the rate of muscle loss and therewith the incidence of sarcopenia. Objective: to examine the association of physical activity with incident sarcopenia over a 5-year period. Design: data from the population-based Age, Gene/Environment, Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study were used. Setting: people residing in the Reykjavik area at the start of the study. Subjects: the study included people aged 66-93 years (n = 2309). Methods: the amount of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) was assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. Sarcopenia was identified using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People algorithm, including muscle mass (computed tomography imaging), grip strength (computerised dynamometer) and gait speed (6 m). Results: mean age of the participants was 74.9 ± 4.7 years. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 7.3% at baseline and 16.8% at follow-up. The incidence proportion of sarcopenia over 5 years was 14.8% in the least-active individuals and 9.0% in the most-active individuals. Compared with the least-active participants, those reporting a moderate-high amount of MVPA had a significantly lower likelihood of incident sarcopenia (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.45-0.91). Participants with a high amount of MVPA had higher baseline levels of muscle mass, strength and walking speed, but baseline MVPA was not associated with the rate of muscle loss. Conclusion: a higher amount of MVPA seems to contribute to counteracting the development of sarcopenia. To delay the onset of sarcopenia and its potential adverse outcomes, attention should be paid to increasing physical activity levels in older adults.

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Long‐term effects of exercise and amino acid supplementation on muscle mass, physical function and falls in community‐dwelling elderly Japanese sarcopenic women: A 4‐year follow‐up study

Abstract: Participation in an intervention could prevent significant declines in lower extremity muscle mass, strength and mobility, even in the long-term, and might be beneficial in suppressing otherwise significant rises in fall rates.

Cited by 36 publications

References 29 publications

Locomotive syndrome in Japan

Locomotive syndrome in Japan

Long-term follow-up of exercise interventions aimed at preventing falls in older people living in the community: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Physical activity and incidence of sarcopenia: the population-based AGES—Reykjavik Study

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