Physical activity and incidence of sarcopenia: the population-based AGES—Reykjavik Study

Mijnarends, Donja M.; Koster, Annemarie; Schols, Jos M. G. A.; Meijers, J.M.M.; Halfens, Ruud J.G.; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Eiríksdóttir, Guðný; Siggeirsdóttir, Kristín; Sigurðsson, Sigurður; Jónsson, Pálmi V.; Meirelles, Osorio; Harris, Tamara B.

doi:10.1093/ageing/afw090

Cited by 134 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In accordance with our results, previous literature supports the positive association of greater PA levels and MM at old ages, but there have been some contradictory findings in this regard . With respect to the relationship between PA and performance measures (GS and HS), existing evidence points towards a positive effect of greater levels of PA on performance and maintenance of physical function . Our study reinforces these observations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…[30][31][32] With respect to the relationship between PA and performance measures (GS and HS), existing evidence points towards a positive effect of greater levels of PA on performance and maintenance of physical function. 26,30,33,34 Our study reinforces these observations. Of note is the trajectory of the association between the amount of PA and HS and GS with increasing MVPA, displaying a probable ceiling effect with values greater than 1.5 h/day of MVPA eliciting modest improvements in HS and GS (Figures 1 and 2).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…LPA seems to be insufficient to reduce sarcopenia rates. Mijnarends et al 26 and Tyrovolas et al 31 showed a protective effect of greater accumulation of self-reported PA on sarcopenia. In contrast, in the study by Hai et al in community-dwelling Chinese people aged 60 years and older (mean age 68 years old), no association was found using questionnaires-based PA assessment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Sedentary behaviour, physical activity, and sarcopenia among older adults in the TSHA: isotemporal substitution model

Sánchez‐Sánchez

Mañas

García‐García

et al. 2019

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Background The associations between free‐living physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) and sarcopenia in older people and its determinants are controversial. Self‐reporting, the use of one‐size‐fits‐all cut‐points for intensity categorization when using accelerometers and the absence of a clear sarcopenia definition hampered explorations. The aim of this study is to describe the associations between objectively measured PA patterns and sarcopenia and its determinants. Methods Subjects aged >65 with valid accelerometry and sarcopenia‐related measures from Toledo Study of Healthy Aging (TSHA) were included. Muscle mass (MM) was estimated by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Handgrip strength (HS) was measured by dynamometry. Physical performance assessment relied on gait speed (GS). Sarcopenia presence was ascertained using Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) criteria. PA and SB were estimated by ActiTrainer worn for 1 week and classified into time spent in SB and different PA intensity bands [light PA (LPA) and moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA)] using age‐specific cut‐points. Different multivariate linear and logistic regression models [(i) single‐parameter, (ii) partition, and (iii) isotemporal substitution models] were used for estimating associations between PA, SB, and sarcopenia determinants and sarcopenia rates, respectively. All models adjusted for age, sex, co‐morbidities (Charlson index), and functional ability (Katz and Lawton indexes). Results Five hundred twelve subjects from the TSHA had available data (78.08 ± 5.71 years of age; 54.3% women). FNIH sarcopenia assessment was performed in 497 subjects (23.3% were sarcopenic). In the linear regression, the single‐parameter model showed an association between MVPA and all sarcopenia determinants. In the partition model, MVPA was associated with greater MM and GS. The isotemporal substitution showed that reallocating 1 h/day of MVPA displacing SB was associated with greater values in MM [ β = 0.014; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.004, 0.024; P < 0.01], GS ( β = 0.082; 95% CI = 0.054, 0.110; P < 0.001), and HS ( β = 0.888; 95% CI = 0.145, 1.631; P < 0.05). In the logistic regression, the single‐parameter model yielded a significant association between 1 h/day increase in MVPA and sarcopenia reduction [odds ratio (OR) = 0.522; 95% CI = 0.367, 0.726; P < 0.001], as did the partition model (OR = 0.555; 95% CI = 0.376, 0.799; P < 0.01). The reallocation of 1 h/day SB only yielded a significant lower sarcopenia risk by almost 50% when it was substituted with MVPA, whereas the substitution of 15 min/day yielded a significant lower sarcopenia risk by 15% ( P < 0.001) but did not show any association...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sedentary behaviour, physical activity, and sarcopenia among older adults in the TSHA: isotemporal substitution model

Sánchez‐Sánchez

Mañas

García‐García

et al. 2019

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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“…Physically inactivity is one of the major factors known to accelerate both muscle loss and strength with aging (Mijnarends et al 2016). However, functional decline caused by decline in muscle strength also contributes to lack of physical activity.…”

Section: Refmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective Association of Handgrip Strength with Risk of New-Onset Cognitive Dysfunction in Korean Adults: A 6-Year National Cohort Study

Jeong

Kim

2018

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Dementia is one of the priority public health problems in the older population, and the number of people with dementia is steadily increasing. The longitudinal association of muscle strength with risk of new-onset cognitive dysfunction in a general population including middle and older adults remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of low muscle strength on risk for new-onset cognitive dysfunction over 6 years using a large nationwide sample of cognitively healthy adults. Study participants included 6,435 middle and older adults (33,554 person-years of follow-up), using data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing 2006-2012. Muscular strength was measured using the maximum handgrip strength of each participant as an index of muscle quality. Low muscle strength was defined as one standard deviation below the mean using the handgrip strength index based on the study population. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Mini-Mental Status Evaluation. The hazard ratio (HR) for cognitive dysfunction significantly and linearly increased according to muscle strength status independent of potential confounding factors (HR: 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-1.56 for low vs. normal-high group). Using stratified analyses, a significant association between muscle strength status and risk of cognitive impairment was observed in those with low physical activity, but not those with high physical activity. We show that handgrip strength is associated with increased risk of new-onset cognitive dysfunction over 6 years of follow-up in cognitively healthy middle aged and older adults at baseline.

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“…Some studies suggest a role of MVPA in fall prevention via improved muscle mass, 5 and cardiorespiratory fitness. 6 Against this hypothesis is the consensus that the improved cardiorespiratory fitness produced by MVPA is less important to fall risk than is neuromuscular fitness, specifically balance and muscle strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerometer‐Measured Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity and Incidence Rates of Falls in Older Women

Buchner

Rillamas‐Sun

et al. 2017

J American Geriatrics Society

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Objectives To examine whether moderate/vigorous physical activity (MVPA) measured by accelerometry is associated with incident falls, and whether associations differ by physical function or history of falls. Design Prospective study with baseline data collection in 2012-2014 and one year of follow-up. Setting Women's Health Initiative particip ants living in the U.S. Participants 5545 ambulatory women aged 63-99 Measurements Minutes of MVPA per day measured by Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer; functional status measured by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB); fall risk factors assessed by questionnaire; fall injuries assessed by phone interview; incident falls ascertained from fall calendars. Results Incident rate ratios (IRR) revealed increased fall risk among women in the lowest compared to highest quartiles of MVPA (IRR=1.26; 95% CI 1.08-1.48) adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, and fall risk factors. Fall rates were not significantly associated with MVPA among women with high SPPB (9-12) or 0-1 falls in the previous year. However, among women with low SPPB (≤8) or history of frequent falls, fall rates were increased among women with low vs. higher MVPA levels (interaction P -values <0.03 and <0.00001, respectively). Falls among women with MVPA above the median were less likely to involve injuries requiring medical treatment (9.9%), than falls among women with lower MVPA levels (13.0%; P <0.001). Conclusion These findings indicate that falls are not more common or injurious among older women who engage in higher levels of MVPA. These findings support encouraging women to engage in the amounts and types of MVPA that they prefer. Older women with low physical function or frequent falls who choose low MVPA represent a high risk group for whom vigilance about falls prevention is warranted.

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Physical activity and incidence of sarcopenia: the population-based AGES—Reykjavik Study

Cited by 134 publications

References 30 publications

Sedentary behaviour, physical activity, and sarcopenia among older adults in the TSHA: isotemporal substitution model

Sedentary behaviour, physical activity, and sarcopenia among older adults in the TSHA: isotemporal substitution model

Prospective Association of Handgrip Strength with Risk of New-Onset Cognitive Dysfunction in Korean Adults: A 6-Year National Cohort Study

Accelerometer‐Measured Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity and Incidence Rates of Falls in Older Women

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