Long-term effects of early antibiotic intervention on blood parameters, apparent nutrient digestibility, and fecal microbial fermentation profile in pigs with different dietary protein levels

Yu, Miao; Zhang, Chuanjian; Yang, Yu‐Xiang; Mu, Chunlong; Su, Yong; Yu, Kaifan; Zhu, Weiyun

doi:10.1186/s40104-017-0192-2

Cited by 53 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…In pigs, antibiotic exposure in early life altered glucose metabolism 35 days after antibiotic withdrawal . Our studies also showed that in‐feed antibiotics treatment in early life had a long‐term effect on serum urea level and fecal AA fermentation products . These results point to the potential long‐lasting effects of early life antibiotic exposure on subsequent host metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The present study was part of series of studies designed to evaluate whether EAE has long‐term effects on subsequent amino acid (AA) profiles and gene expression of AA transporters and receptors of pigs and a detailed description of experimental design has been described in our previous study . Briefly, 18 litters of 7‐day‐old crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) newborn piglets (total 212) were divided into a control group and an in‐feed antibiotic group, with nine litters per group.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At day 23, the piglets were weaned and fed the same diet until day 42. The creep feed has been described in our previous study . For the duration of the study, the pigs in the control and antibiotic groups were mixed at day 42, respectively, and then randomly allotted to low‐crude protein (Low‐CP) or normal‐crude protein (Normal‐CP) dietary treatments according to their equal average body weight (BW), which generated four groups (Control‐Low crude protein, Con‐LP; Control‐normal crude protein, Con‐NP; Antibiotic‐Low crude protein, Ant‐LP; Antibiotic‐Normal crude protein, Ant‐NP).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term effect of early antibiotic exposure on amino acid profiles and gene expression of transporters and receptors in the small intestinal mucosa of growing pigs with different dietary protein levels

Zhang

et al. 2019

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the effects of early antibiotic exposure (EAE) on subsequent amino acid (AA) profiles and small intestinal AA transporter and receptor expression level in pigs with different dietary crude protein (CP) levels. Eighteen litters of piglets were fed creep feed diets, either with or without antibiotics while with sow on day 7. The pigs were weaned at day 23 and fed the same diets until day 42, when random pigs within each group were offered a normal-or low-CP diet, thereby creating four groups. On day 120, the pigs were euthanized, and jejunal and ileal mucosa and digesta were collected for gene-expression and AA-concentration analysis. RESULTS: With the normal-CP diet, EAE increased (P < 0.05) the concentrations of six essential amino acids (EAA) and three non-essential amino acids (NEAA) in serum, four EAAs and four NEAAs in jejunal mucosa, one EAA and two NEAAs in ileal mucosa, five EAAs and three NEAAs in jejunal digesta, and three EAAs and two NEAAs in ileal digesta. Early antibiotic exposure upregulated (P < 0.05) CAT1, ASCT2, ATB 0,+ , CaSR, T1R1, and T1R3 expression in the jejunum, downregulated PepT1 expression with a normal-CP diet. It upregulated (P < 0.05) the expressions of CAT1, ATB 0,+ , ATP1A1, and T1R3 in the ileum with a normal-CP diet.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that EAE has long-term effects on AA profiles, mainly in the jejunum and serum, by increasing AA transporter expression in the intestine, and that these effects may be influenced by dietary CP levels.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term effect of early antibiotic exposure on amino acid profiles and gene expression of transporters and receptors in the small intestinal mucosa of growing pigs with different dietary protein levels

Zhang

et al. 2019

J Sci Food Agric

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“…Antibiotics are known to strongly affect the microbiota composition by the depopulation of sensitive bacterial (58,76). This reduction in diversity and bacterial abundances of the gut microbiota disrupts the gut ecosystem and weakens host immunity to pathogens (77,78).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Three Distinct 2-Week Long Diet Strategies After Transport on Weaned Pigs' Short and Long-Term Welfare Markers, Behaviors, and Microbiota

et al. 2020

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Alternative feed supplements have shown promising effects in terms of performance, but their effects on welfare have had little evaluation. In the present study, we aimed at evaluating the effect of diet supplementation on welfare indicators. A total of 246 piglets were weaned and transported for 12 h. After transport, they were assigned to one of 3 diets for a 14-day period: A-an antibiotic diet including chlortetracycline and tiamulin, NA-a control diet without any antibiotic or feed supplement, GLN-a diet including 0.20% L-glutamine. After the 14-day period, all piglets were fed the same diet. Tear staining was measured 11 times post-weaning (from d0 to 147). Skin lesions were counted before and after weaning (d-2, 2, and 36). Novel object tests (NOT) were done in groups 4 times post-weaning (d17, 47, 85, 111). Samples for 16S rRNA gene composition were collected prior to transport (d0), following the 14-day period (d14) and at the conclusion of the nursery phase (d34). The NA pigs appeared less interested in novel objects. On d17, they avoided the object less than A pigs (P < 0.05). They spent less time exploring the object on d85 and took longer to interact with the object on d111 than A and GLN pigs (P < 0.05). NA pigs also appeared more sensitive to environment and management. They had larger tear stains than GLN pigs on d84 and 110 (P < 0.05). On d2, NA pigs had more lesions than A and GLN (P < 0.01). In terms of microbiota composition, GLN had higher α-diversity than A and NA (P < 0.001). Differences between dietary treatments were absent at d0, were demonstrated at d14 and disappeared at d34. Pearson correlations between aggression, stress and anxiety indicators and bacterial populations were medium to high from 0.31 to 0.69. The results demonstrate that short-term feeding strategy can have both short-and long-term effects on behavior and welfare, that may partly be explained by changes in gut microbiota composition. Supplementation with GLN appears to confer similar benefits to dietary antibiotics and thus could be a viable alternative.

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“…However, with increasing concerns about antibiotic-resistant bacteria that pose a threat to human and animal health, in-feed antibiotics have been banned since 2006 in Europe and 2020 in China [6]. Recent studies have shown that antibiotics can regulate host nitrogen (N) metabolism, partly due to the antibiotic-induced changes in AA fermentation by gut microbiota [7,8]. In this case, optimal CP requirements for piglets might be different in diets with or without antibiotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Protein Supply on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Tissue Deposition for Piglets Fed Diets With or Without Antibiotics

Hou¹,

Wang²,

C³

et al. 2020

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Background: With increasing concerns about antibiotic-resistant bacteria that pose a threat to human and animal health, in-feed antibiotics have been banned since 2006 in Europe and 2020 in China. However, previous studies on crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) requirements of pigs were mostly based on the diets with antibiotics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of CP supply on growth performance, body composition and tissue deposition for piglets fed diets with or without antibiotics. Methods: A total of 250 newly weaned piglets were randomly assigned to 1 of 10 dietary treatments (5 replicate pens per treatment with 5 animals per pen) in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement with 5 CP levels (16, 18, 20, 22, 24 %) and 2 antibiotic supplementations (with or without antibiotics). Treatment diets were fed for 14 d to test treatment effects, and then a nursery diet (19% CP) without antibiotics was fed to all piglets until they had an average body weight of 25 kg to determine if carryover effects of treatment diets existed. An additional 5 piglets at the start were slaughtered to determine initial body composition. At the end of each period, 1 pig close to the average BW of each pen was slaughtered to determine body composition and tissue deposition.Results: Increasing dietary CP level linearly improved (P < 0.05) average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain:feed (G:F) during the treatment period, while antibiotics tended to improve ADG of piglets (P < 0.10). The ADG during the carryover period tended to be improved (P < 0.10) with the increase of dietary CP level, but there was no difference in ADG during the entire nursery period (P > 0.10). Neither CP level nor antibiotic supplementation affected (P > 0.10) the incidence of diarrhea in each period. With the increase of dietary CP level, weights of fasted body, empty body, eviscerated carcass, and organs at d 14 were linearly improved (P < 0.05). Neither CP level nor antibiotic supplementation had a significant effect on the physical body composition of pigs at the end of the nursery period (P > 0.05). Body protein content at d 14 linearly improved (P < 0.05) with increasing CP level, whereas body ash content, lipid:protein and ash:protein ratio linearly decreased (P < 0.05). Increasing dietary CP level resulted in a greater (P < 0.05) deposition rates of body water and protein during the treatment period, while antibiotics tended to increase (P < 0.10). There was no effect (P > 0.05) of CP level or antibiotic supplementation on the chemical body composition at the end of the nursery period. However, increasing CP level quadratically improved (P < 0.05) deposition rates of body water, protein and lipid during the carryover period as well as deposition rates of protein, lipid and ash during the entire nursery period. According to the model with the minimum AIC, the CP requirement based on ADG was 23.01 and 22.65%, and based on protein deposition (PD) was 24.00 and 23.29% for antibiotic-free diet and antibiotic diet, respectively. Conclusions: Increasing dietary CP level increased the growth performance and protein deposition of piglets during either the treatment period or the carryover period. The CP requirement for piglets with high health status fed antibiotic-free diet was slightly higher than those fed antibiotic diet.

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Long-term effects of early antibiotic intervention on blood parameters, apparent nutrient digestibility, and fecal microbial fermentation profile in pigs with different dietary protein levels

Cited by 53 publications

References 41 publications

Long‐term effect of early antibiotic exposure on amino acid profiles and gene expression of transporters and receptors in the small intestinal mucosa of growing pigs with different dietary protein levels

Long‐term effect of early antibiotic exposure on amino acid profiles and gene expression of transporters and receptors in the small intestinal mucosa of growing pigs with different dietary protein levels

Effects of Three Distinct 2-Week Long Diet Strategies After Transport on Weaned Pigs' Short and Long-Term Welfare Markers, Behaviors, and Microbiota

Effects of Protein Supply on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Tissue Deposition for Piglets Fed Diets With or Without Antibiotics

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