Long-Term Changes in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Adrenal Medullary Autografts to the Caudate Nucleus

Madrazo, Ignacio; Drucker-Colı́n, René; Torres, Claudia MartÃ­nez; Ostrosky‐Solís, Feggy; Franco-Bourland, Rebecca E.; Aguilera, Maricarmen; García, L.; Álvarez, Fausto; Quintanar, Luis

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-74034-3_12

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Los implantes iniciales eran realizados con células cromafines de la médula suprarrenal, generalmente de los propios pacientes (Mahanthappa, Gage, & Patterson, 1990;Madrazo et al, 1989;Hansen, Notter, Okawara, & Gash, 1988;Madrazo et al, 1987;Kordower, Cochran, Penn, & Goetz, 1991;Olson et al, 1991). La investigación básica mostró que las células implantadas tenían una mejor sobrevida cuando eran colocadas en el interior de los ventrículos cerebrales que cuando eran implantadas directamente dentro del sistema nervioso, por lo general dentro del cuerpo estriado (Freed, Poltorak, & Becker, 1990;Hansen, Bing, Notter, & Gash, 1988;Mahanthappa et al, 1990).…”

Section: Implante Neuronalunclassified

La Enfermedad de Parkinson: Etiología, Tratamientos y Factores Preventivos

Hurtado

Cárdenas

et al. 2017

Univ Psychol

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RESUMENLa enfermedad de Parkinson (EP) es la patología neurodegenerativa motora con mayor incidencia a nivel mundial, cuyas causas aún no son claras. Actualmente no existe cura, pero es posible contar con diferentes tratamientos que permiten aliviar algunos de sus síntomas y enlentecer su curso. Debido a la gran cantidad de informaciones, en ocasiones contradictorias sobre los llamados "factores de riesgo" (entendidos éstos como situaciones que pueden exacerbar la posibilidad de aparición de la enfermedad, incluyendo desde la predisposición familiar hasta la exposición prolongada a substancias exógenas), en esta revisión se pretende ofrecer una panorámica actual sobre factores asociados a la aparición de EP. Se revisan también algunos tratamientos que buscan contrarrestar la pérdida de la función dopaminérgica de la substancia nigra (SN) y algunas de las aproximaciones terapéuticas tanto farmacológicas, como por estimulación cerebral profunda (ECP) o por implante celular. Se revisan también investigaciones sobre el potencial terapéutico de compuestos con alta especificidad a receptores colinérgicos (nAChRs) y antagonistas de receptores de adenosina, específicamente del subtipo A2A. Posiblemente durante las próximas décadas, nuestro conocimiento en epigenética pueda arrojar nuevas luces sobre esta interacción, así como sobre las relaciones entre ciertas líneas de microbios intestinales y aparición de EP. En este momento, la alternativa terapéutica que ofrece mayor eficacia es la ECP, sin embargo, a futuro se espera que el desarrollo de nuevas estrategias de implante cerebral pueda ofrecer una cura real de la EP. Palabras claveEnfermedad de Parkinson (EP); estimulación cerebral profunda (ECP); sustancia nigra (SN); núcleo subtálamico (NST); globo pálido interno (GPi). ABSTRACTParkinson's disease (PD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative motor pathology worldwide, the causes of which are still unclear. Currently there is no cure, but it is possible to have different treatments that allow to alleviate some of its symptoms and slow its course. Due to the large amount of information, sometimes contradictory, about the

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Section: Implante Neuronalunclassified

La Enfermedad de Parkinson: Etiología, Tratamientos y Factores Preventivos

Hurtado

Cárdenas

et al. 2017

Univ Psychol

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“…Human clinical trials using dopaminergic neurons plantation, the glomus cells of the carotid bodies. The carotid bodies in human are 5 mm long nodules from aborted human fetuses were conducted in the late 1980s (Lindvall et al, 1988;Madrazo et al, 1988). These located near the carotid sinus.…”

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Auto Transplants for Parkinson's Disease?

Rosenthal¹

1998

Neuron

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94080 in the globus pallidus (pallidotomy) have been tried. Pallidotomy was practiced prior to the development of The Disease L-DOPA, discarded, and recently regained acceptance Parkinson's disease is the third most common neurode- (Lang et al., 1997). The rationale behind pallidotomy is generative disorder, with a prevalence of approximately easy to understand. Since in the absence of dopaminer-1% of the population over 65. Affected individuals suffer gic inputs the globus pallidus is hyperactive, selective from debilitating deficiencies in motor functions that lesions will weaken its activity and reduce it to normal manifest in (1) rhythmic tremors at rest, (2) inability to levels. Similar rationale also led to the usage of highinitiate (akinesia) or complete (bradykinesia) routine frequency (inhibitory) electrical stimulation in the submovements, (3) muscle rigidity that leads to jerked mothalamic nucleus. The subthalamic nucleus normally tions, (4) postural instability, and (5) lack of facial expresstimulates the globus pallidus, and its inhibition helps sion. The disease is predominantly nonfamilial and does reduce globus pallidus activity (Figure 1). not show gender or racial bias. It is invariably progres-Although pallidotomy and electrical stimulation show sive and 5-10 years after onset the worst patients are promise in reducing akinesia and bradykinesia-espeleft bedridden and die of infections or secondary complicially akinesia that is induced by L-DOPA in advanced cations.Parkinson's patients-they are not consistently effec-The clinical symptoms are caused by a selective loss tive in reducing tremors. In addition, many symptoms of pigmented dopamine-producing neurons from the recur after only a few years. Thus, a third therapeutic substantia nigra in the midbrain and a consequent deapproach was called for-transplantation (Yurek and crease in dopamine at the innervation targets of these Sladek, 1990). The rationale behind transplantation for neurons, which include the striatum, cortex, and nucleus Parkinson's disease is again straightforward: the idea accumbens.is to replace lost dopaminergic neurons with a graft of The cause of cell death in Parkinson's disease is unnew embryonic neurons. Transplantation of fetal dopaknown. Viral infections, environmental toxins, and oxidaminergic neurons into rodent models of Parkinson's distive stress induced by dopamine metabolites, are all ease was pioneered in the early 1980s (Bjo ¨rklund and suspected. In contrast, the consequence of dopaminer- Stenevi, 1979;Perlow et al., 1979). In these initial experigic neuron loss for the neural circuits that control movements, approximately 150,000 ventral midbrain neural ment is well understood. The dopaminergic neurons are

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To the Editor

Madrazo¹

1996

Neurosurgery

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Long-Term Changes in Parkinson’s Disease Patients with Adrenal Medullary Autografts to the Caudate Nucleus

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

La Enfermedad de Parkinson: Etiología, Tratamientos y Factores Preventivos

La Enfermedad de Parkinson: Etiología, Tratamientos y Factores Preventivos

Auto Transplants for Parkinson's Disease?

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