Long-term behavioral characterization of a rat model of intracerebral hemorrhage

Hartman, Richard E.; Rojas, Hugo; Tang, Jiping; Zhang, J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-211-09469-3_25

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The Morris water maze test was additionally performed at 8 weeks post-cICH to assess learning and memory abilities in rats (Hartman et al 2008; Lekic et al 2010). This test required the finding of a slightly submerged platform in a pool of water (diameter: 110 cm).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fingolimod reduces cerebral lymphocyte infiltration in experimental models of rodent intracerebral hemorrhage

Rolland

Lekic

Krafft

et al. 2013

Experimental Neurology

164

160

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T-lymphocytes promote cerebral inflammation, thus aggravating neuronal injury after stroke. Fingolimod, a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor analog, prevents the egress of lymphocytes from primary and secondary lymphoid organs. Based on these findings, we hypothesized fingolimod treatment would reduce the number of T-lymphocytes migrating into the brain, thereby ameliorating cerebral inflammation following experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We investigated the effects of fingolimod in two well-established murine models of ICH, implementing intrastriatal infusions of either bacterial collagenase (cICH) or autologous blood (bICH). Furthermore, we tested the long term neurological improvements by Fingolimod in a collagenase-induced rat model of ICH. Fingolimod, in contrast to vehicle administration alone, improved neurological functions and reduced brain edema at 24 and 72 hours following experimental ICH in CD-1 mice (n=103; p<0.05). Significantly fewer lymphocytes were found in blood and brain samples of treated animals when compared to the vehicle group (p<0.05). Moreover, fingolimod treatment significantly reduced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), interferon-γ (INF-γ), and interleukin-17 (IL-17) in the mouse brain at 72 hours post-cICH (p<0.05 compared to vehicle). Long-term neurocognitive performance and histopathological analysis were evaluated in Sprague-Dawley rats between 8 and 10 weeks post-cICH (n=28). Treated rats showed reduced spatial and motor learning deficits, along with significantly reduced brain atrophy and neuronal cell loss within the basal ganglia (p<0.05 compared to vehicle). We conclude that fingolimod treatment ameliorated cerebral inflammation, at least to some extent, by reducing the availability and subsequent brain infiltration of T-lymphocytes, which improved the short and long-term sequelae after experimental ICH in rodents.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fingolimod reduces cerebral lymphocyte infiltration in experimental models of rodent intracerebral hemorrhage

Rolland

Lekic

Krafft

et al. 2013

Experimental Neurology

164

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A wide variety of tasks have been used to evaluate sensorimotor function following brain injury (Hamm et al, 1992;Hartman et al, 2008). Previous authors (Hamm et al, 1992) found the beam-walk task to be effective in revealing sensorimotor deficits with moderately injured mice for up to 2 weeks following insult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous authors (Hamm et al, 1992) found the beam-walk task to be effective in revealing sensorimotor deficits with moderately injured mice for up to 2 weeks following insult. In Rotarod test the rats are placed on the rotarod cylinder, and the time the animals remained on the cylinder is measure (Hartman et al, 2008). Rotarod performance has been observed in a moderate traumatic brain injury model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%