Long-Term Ambient Air Pollution and Childhood Eczema in the United States

Epidemiological characteristics of eczema and the global burden of disease network

“…The factors that influence eczema are biological and environmental and can involve social determinants of health. [2][3][4] Filaggrin mutations are among the most recognized biological causes for eczema predisposition, which result in epidermal structural deficits that promote loss of skin moisture. The altered skin integrity and moisture loss are hypothesized to lead to inflammatory cell activation resulting in symptoms of erythema, oedema, and pruritis.…”

“…Specifically for eczema (or atopic dermatitis as the corresponding GBD Level 4 term), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) are an output commonly cited. 2 DALYs are a time-based measure that represents years lived with a disability (YLD) and years of life lost (YLL); 1 DALY equals 1 year of lost full health. DALYs enable comparisons between diseases that cause premature death without causing disability to diseases that may not shorten a person's life span but increase the time of disabling symptoms.…”