Long-term alterations in the maternal behavior of neonatally undernourished rats

Salas, Manuel; Torrero, Carmen; Pulido, Susana

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(84)90111-2

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The finding of significant reductions in body and brain weights concurrent with ear-and-eye-opening delays throughout the study is in line with previous reports showing that different perinatal underfeeding paradigms consistently interfere with food intake, physical growth, low emission of vocalizations and poor maternal care and delayed sensory maturation, particularly in the olfactory channel when the mother-litter bonds are at a critical stage and are essential for the pups' survival and brain growth (Salas et al 1970, Math and Davrainville 1980, Salas et al 1984, Almli et al 1985, Alberts and Cramer 1988, Diaz-Cintra et al 1994, Fleming et al 1999, Torrero et al 2000, Tonkiss et al 2003, Rubio et al 2004). …”

Section: Physical Developmentsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…One possibility to explain the current results concerns the role of the OB olfactory input alterations associated with the underfeeding paradigm used here. In fact, it is known that this or similar food restriction procedures negatively influence the mother-litter bonds, thus affecting the cytoarchitectonic organization and functional OB maturation (Math and Davrainville 1980, Galler and Propert 1982, Salas et al 1984, Almli et al 1985, Regalado et al 1999, Torrero et al 2000. Thus, our experimental findings are supported by the abundant evidence of environmental influences on the morphology of the OB during development and even in adulthood (Meisami and Safari 1981, Brunjes and 1986, Panhuber and Laing 1987, Farbman 1990, Colín-Barenque et al 1999.…”

Section: Effects Of Undernourishment In the Ob Area And Ogssupporting

confidence: 76%

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Organization of olfactory glomeruli in neonatally undernourished rats

Frías

Torrero

Regalado

et al. 2006

Nutritional Neuroscience

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Newborn rats maintain mother-litter bonds by using olfactory signals. At birth, units in the olfactory glomeruli (OG) are immature and vulnerable to noxious epigenetic factors like undernutrition. Because little is known about the effects of neonatal undernutrition upon the OG morphological organization, different OG parameters were studied in undernourished Wistar rats at 7, 14 and 21 days of age. The issue was addressed by analyzing the olfactory bulb (OB) cross sectional area, the total number and area of OGs in the OB coronal sections, and the distribution of OG area in dorsal and ventral quadrants. Reductions in the OB and OG cross sectional areas were detected at 7 and 14 days posnatally. OG area comparisons by OB quadrants were reduced along the study in quadrants, with larger effects in medial than in lateral OB quadrants. Current OG cytoarchitectonic modifications may affect the newborn capabilities for odour discrimination by disrupting early mother-litter interactions.

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Section: Physical Developmentsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Effects Of Undernourishment In the Ob Area And Ogssupporting

confidence: 76%

Organization of olfactory glomeruli in neonatally undernourished rats

Frías

Torrero

Regalado

et al. 2006

Nutritional Neuroscience

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“…Intrauterine malnutrition and hypoxia also have long-term effects on brain cell number and cell size, probably via alteration in fetal mitotic rate (Meberg, 1981). Daily mother ± litter separation, which involves both dietary and sensory deprivation, results in long-term alterations in the maternal behaviour of the neonatally undernourished rats (Salas et al 1984). This indicates that environmental in¯uences related to food intake and sensory stimulation, interacting at critical stages of brain development, are essential for the maturation of adult behavioural patterns.…”

Section: Impact Of Maternal and Perinatal Undernutrition On Neuroanatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and neurodevelopment: mechanisms of developmental dysfunction and disease in later life

Dauncey

Bicknell

1999

Nutr. Res. Rev.

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Nutrition plays a central role in linking the ®elds of developmental neurobiology and cognitive neuroscience. It has a profound impact on the development of brain structure and function and malnutrition can result in developmental dysfunction and disease in later life. A number of diseases, including schizophrenia, may be related to neurodevelopmental insults such as malnutrition, hypoxia, viruses or in utero drug exposure. Some of the most signi®cant ®ndings on nutrition and neurodevelopment during the last three decades, and especially during the last few years, are discussed in this review. Attention is focused on the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms by which diet exerts its effects. Randomized intervention studies have revealed important effects of early nutrition on later cognitive development, and recent epidemiological ®ndings show that both genetics and environment are risk factors for schizophrenia. Particularly important is the effect of early nutrition on development of the hippocampus, a brain structure important in establishing learning and memory, and hence for cognitive performance. A major aim of future research should be to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying nutritionally-induced impairment of neurodevelopment and speci®cally to determine the mechanisms by which early nutritional experience affects later cognitive performance. Key research objectives should include: (1) increased understanding of mechanisms underlying the normal processes of ageing and neurodegenerative disorders; (2) assessment of the role of susceptibility genes in modulating the effects of early nutrition on neurodevelopment; and (3) development of nutritional and pharmaceutical strategies for preventing and/or ameliorating the adverse effects of early malnutrition on long-term programming.

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“…Long term effects on behavior however have shown to be selective to specific behavioral patterns, confirming the robustness of certain behaviors that remain spared to the insult. Consistent long term alterations 414 observed in malnourished rats are an intense emotional response (Levitsky & Barnes, 1970;Halas et al, 1980), distorted affiliation and social behavior (Peters, 1978;Whatson et al, 1976), enhanced locomotor activity (Almeida et al, 1993), poor performance in spatial learning tasks (Goodlett et al, 1986;Castro & Rudy, 1987;Tonkiss et al, 1990), and deficient maternal-pup interaction (Franková;Salas et al, 1984). In contrast, no long term differences between malnourished rats and their controls have been found in the open field and latent learning (Mello et al, 1989), in spatial memory performance (Campbell & Bedi, 1988), passive avoidance and neuromuscular coordination (Guthrie, 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Diurnal Behavioral and Metabolic Patterns in Chronic Malnourished Rats

Escobar

Caldelas

Salazar-Juárez

et al. 1998

Biological Rhythm Research

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The temporal organization of behavioral patterns and metabolic activity was assessed in chronic low protein malnourished rats and their nutritional controls at 60 days of age. Spontaneous activity was video-recorded during 3 days for 10 min every hour and the frequency of exploration, grooming and ingestive behaviors was obtained, their basal metabolic rate was measured during 5 min every hour for one 24 h cycle. Rats of both nutritional groups showed a clear diurnal rhythmicity in all behavioral patterns, characterized by an increase of activity during the dark phase and a decrease during the light phase. Effects of malnutrition were selective and produced mainly a general decrease of the mean value and amplitude of the rhythm of ingestive behavior, as well as a bimodal pattern and rhythmic components of 12, 24 and 30 h according to autocorrelation and cosinor analysis. In both groups, the metabolic rate showed a bimodal diurnal rhythm, which fitted significantly to a 12 h period model and was not affected in malnourished rats. These data provide evidence that the circadian system is highly resistant to malnutrition. In malnourished rats rhythmicity of ingestive behavior was specifically affected, probably because the relation between metabolic processes and ingestive behaviors may be enhanced as a compensatory mechanism aimed to counteract the deficient diet composition.

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Long-term alterations in the maternal behavior of neonatally undernourished rats

Cited by 29 publications

References 28 publications

Organization of olfactory glomeruli in neonatally undernourished rats

Organization of olfactory glomeruli in neonatally undernourished rats

Nutrition and neurodevelopment: mechanisms of developmental dysfunction and disease in later life

Diurnal Behavioral and Metabolic Patterns in Chronic Malnourished Rats

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