Long-range transportation and deposition of chemical substances over the Northern Japan Alps mountainous area

Toyama, Kazuhiro; Zhang, Jing; Satake, Hiroshi

doi:10.2343/geochemj.2.0291

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In general, the influence of transboundary pollutants changes with slope aspects and the distance from domestic pollutant sources in mountains. As northwesterly–westerly winds transport transboundary pollutants to Japan (Var, Narita, & Tanaka, 2000), these pollutants more strongly affect slopes with northwesterly and westerly aspects (Nakata, Take, Nihira, Ohara, & Ohizumi, 2011; Toyama, Zhang, & Satake, 2013). Furthermore, the relative influence of transboundary pollutants increases at higher elevations because of the smaller influence of domestic pollutants emitted from cities in lowland areas (Katsuno et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead isotope ratios in moss for the assessment of transboundary pollutants in the Yatsugatake Mountains, central Japan

Oishi

Shin

Tayasu

2021

Ecological Research

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Transboundary atmospheric pollutants emitted from mainland Asia are transported to Japan and pose a serious threat to mountain ecosystems. Pb isotope ratios (207Pb/206Pb and 208Pb/206Pb) of the transboundary pollutants are generally higher than those that characterize domestic pollutants in Japan. Hence, this study examined the influence of transboundary pollutants on the Yatsugatake Mountains by detecting the higher Pb isotope ratios in moss. Based on this examination, we discussed the usefulness of Pb isotope ratios in moss for monitoring transboundary pollutants. As northwesterly–westerly winds transport these pollutants to Japan, we hypothesized that the Pb isotope ratios in moss would be higher on the western slopes of the mountains than on the eastern slopes. Furthermore, this difference would be more apparent at higher elevations because of the smaller influence of domestic Pb pollutants. Contrary to these hypotheses, all the Pb isotope ratios in moss were within the ranges of domestic Pb pollutants across the study area, indicating that the influence of transboundary Pb pollutants on moss was small. Notably, these responses of moss to transboundary Pb pollutants differ from those to transboundary nitrogen pollutants. These results imply that the sensitivity of moss to transboundary pollutants largely depends on pollutant types.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lead isotope ratios in moss for the assessment of transboundary pollutants in the Yatsugatake Mountains, central Japan

Oishi

Shin

Tayasu

2021

Ecological Research

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“…Furthermore, existing research indicates that moss biomonitoring based on Pb isotope ratios may not be able to identify transboundary pollutants in Japan's mountains (Oishi et al 2021), despite its usefulness having been reported elsewhere (Farmer et This study examines the usefulness and limitations of various trace metal indices for moss biomonitoring of transboundary pollutants in Japan's mountainous regions. Given that the concentrations of transboundary pollutants decrease with distance from mainland Asia (Toyama et al 2013), a general hypothesis was applied assuming that the trace metal indices of moss will also change with distance. By exploring these relationships, this work contributes to the broader understanding of the applicability of moss biomonitoring in mountain ecosystems and supports the more widespread use of moss biomonitoring in East Asia as a relatively simple and useful technique.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Moss Biomonitoring of Transboundary Pollutants in Japan’s Mountains

Oishi

2021

Preprint

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Long-range transported atmospheric pollutants (or transboundary pollutants) include trace metals with isotope ratios and compositions that vary from those of domestic pollutants, which threaten mountain ecosystems. These differences can be applied as indices (trace metal indices) to evaluate the influence of transboundary pollutants on mountain ecosystems. Mosses play important ecological functions in mountains and are sensitive to atmospheric deposition. Therefore, using these indices for moss biomonitoring can provide a more accurate indication of ecosystem health. However, few studies have examined which indices are appropriate for moss biomonitoring. In this study, the effectiveness of moss biomonitoring using trace metal indices was examined for evaluating transboundary pollutants in mountainous areas in Japan. Transboundary pollutants in these areas originate from mainland Asia and are characterized by high lead isotope ratios, lead to zinc (Pb/Zn) ratios, and arsenic to vanadium (As/V) ratios. Given that the abundance of transboundary pollutants decreases with distance from mainland Asia, moss isotope indices are also expected to vary with distance. Based on observations, Pb isotope ratios were found to decrease with distance from mainland Asia; in contrast, Pb/Zn and As/V ratios did not display any notable relationship with distance. These results are likely attributed to biological and environmental factors that affect trace metal contents in moss. Thus, moss Pb isotope ratios are useful indicators of transboundary pollutants in Japan’s mountains, offering an important tool for comparable moss biomonitoring studies in East Asia.

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“…Horikawa et al (2013), analyzed Ca, Mg, Mn, Sr, Ba, and Pb concentrations in tree-rings of a Tateyama cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) at Bijodaira, covering a record from 1915 to 1993, to understand when soil acidification began, the extent of soil acidification, and its influence on forest soil environments. The radial distributions of each element in the Tateyama cedar were classified into four groups: (I) increasing concentrations toward the outermost ring (Ca 2+ Toyama et al (2013) at six sites. Vertical profile variations of chemical components in the snow layers were obtained at each sampling location.…”

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confidence: 99%