Long range transport of photochemical ozone over the Tyrrhenian Sea demonstrated by a new miniaturized bioassay with ozone-sensitive tobacco seedlings

Lorenzini, Giacomo; Nali, Cristina; Biagioni, Massimo

doi:10.1016/0048-9697(95)04531-5

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…No phytotoxic effect was detected on the O 3 -resistant tobacco Bel-B. As previously reported, 41,42 cotyledons of Bel-W3 proved to be more sensitive to O 3 than the first leaves, in terms of visible necrotic injury, with a CII:LII ratio of 1.26:1. However, the responses of these two organs were linearly related (Y ~0.87X 2 0.11, R 2 0.63, n ~95), confirming what has been reported by Taylor.…”

Section: Biomonitoring Of Ozone With Tobacco Seedlingssupporting

confidence: 76%

Plants as indicators of urban air pollution (ozone and trace elements) in Pisa, Italy

Nali

Crocicchi

Lorenzini

2004

J. Environ. Monitor.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A biennial integrated survey, based on the use of vascular plants for the bioindication of the effects of tropospheric ozone, was performed in the area of Pisa (Tuscany, Central Italy). It also investigated the distribution of selected trace elements in plants and the data were compared with those obtained from the use of passive samplers, automatic analysers of ozone and lichen biodiversity. Photochemically produced ozone proved to be present during the warm season, with maximum hourly means surpassing 100 ppb: the use of supersensitive tobacco Bel-W3 confirmed the value of detailed, cost-effective, monitoring surveys. Trials with clover clones demonstrate that sensitive plants undergo severe biomass reduction in the current ozone regime. The mean NC-S (clover clone sensitive to ozone):NC-R (resistant) biomass ratio ranged from 0.7 (in 1999) to 0.5 (in 2000). The economic impact of these reductions deserves attention. The data obtained using passive ozone samplers exceeded those obtained using an automatic analyser. The mapping of epiphytic lichen biodiversity was not related to the geographical ozone distribution as can be seen from the tobacco's response. Lettuce plants grown under standardized conditions were used positively as bioaccumulators of trace elements: Pb was abundantly recovered, but a large portion of this element was removed by washing.

show abstract

Section: Biomonitoring Of Ozone With Tobacco Seedlingssupporting

confidence: 76%

Plants as indicators of urban air pollution (ozone and trace elements) in Pisa, Italy

Nali

Crocicchi

Lorenzini

2004

J. Environ. Monitor.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Taking Beijing as an example, the daily mean (24-h) and hourly peak O 3 concentrations at urban and exurban regions were 46 and 67 ppb, and 181 and 209 ppb, respectively, during May-September 2010 ) (for O 3 , 1 ppb = 1.96 g m −3 , at 25 • C and 101.325 kPa). This confirms the well-known phenomenon of long range transport of O 3 precursors from urban to exurban areas, often leading to higher levels of the pollutant in regions far from cities or industrial zones (Lorenzini et al, 1995). Evenmore, the daily mean (24-h) O 3 concentration in May-September 2014 reached 71.3 ppb in exurban regions (Yuan et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Ozone effects on photosynthesis of ornamental species suitable for urban green spaces of China

Wang

Cotrozzi

Chen

et al. 2016

Urban Forestry & Urban Greening

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

a b s t r a c tUrban green spaces (UGS) offer several ecosystemical benefits to the urban environment. However, these advantages may be weakened by alterations of plants photophysiological mechanisms due to increasing tropospheric ozone (O 3 ) concentrations, a serious problem for China. To evaluate their utilization in UGS, we selected three widely-used urban plant species (smoke tree, Cotinus coggygria Scop.; marigold, Tagetes erecta Linn.; rose, Rosa chinensis Jacp.) to investigate their biometric and photophysiological responses to (i) ambient air (AA), (ii) AA + 60 ppb O 3 (AA + 60), and (iii) AA + 120 ppb O 3 (AA + 120) (9 h d −1 , from 8:30 am to 5:30 pm). Considering visible injury and biomass production, smoke tree and marigold seem to be O 3 -sensitive, whereas rose should be considered more tolerant. The exposure to the pollutant gas reduced photosynthetic efficiency in all seedlings. However, different features were shown throughout our study by the three species here monitored. In smoke tree, stomatal limitations seemed to be its principal weakness. In marigold, the reduction of the photosynthetic performance was mainly ascribable to impairments of both light and dark reactions of photosynthesis. Here, stomatal closure maybe not the cause to limit the photosynthetic rate, but a down-regulated response. Unexpectedly, CO 2 assimilation increased in roses exposed to AA + 60 and did not change in those treated with AA + 120 after one month from the beginning of the exposure (FBE). This seemed due to a better efficacy of these plants in dark reactions of photosynthesis. This feature was confirmed also a month later. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that non-invasive methods such as gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence for monitoring photosynthetic performance of urban plants can be useful to give guidelines to manage UGS in the "climate change era". Generally, in severe O 3 -polluted areas as those of several cities of China, the plants with high-efficient biochemical processes driving a well photosynthetic performance (such as rose) might be a recommended choice. © 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.Abbreviations: Asat, light-saturated photosynthesis; C i , intercellular CO2 concentration; %D, fraction of absorbed light thermally dissipated in PSII antennae; FBE, from the beginning of the exposure; Fv'/Fm', actual photochemical efficiency of PSII in the saturated light; gs, stomatal conductance; Jmax, light-satured rate of electron transport; Ls, stomatal limitation to photosynthesis; M9, the daily 9-h mean O3 concentration; NOx, nitrogen oxides; OTC, open-top chamber; %P, fraction of absorbed light utilized in PSII photochemistry; PSII , light-adapted apparent quantum efficiency of PSII; PPFD, photosynthetic photon flux density; PSII, photosystem II; qP, photochemical quenching; RH, relative humidity; RuBP, 1,5-diphosphate ribulose; TPU, triose phosphate utilization; UGS, urban green spaces; Vcmax, maximum rate of Rubisco-limited carboxylation; VOCs, volatile organic compound...

show abstract

“…33 Another trial demonstrated the presence of phytotoxic ozone in the small remote islands of Capraia and Gorgona (Tyrrhenian Sea), where local sources of precursors are negligible. 34 Assessments with this kit were also carried out in France and the UK. 35,36 Epiphytic lichen biodiversity distribution has been widely used as a bioindicator of air pollution throughout the world, mainly due to their high sensitivity to sulfur dioxide.…”

Section: Ozone Bioindicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological monitoring of ozone: the twenty-year Italian experience

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tropospheric ozone is a growing environmental menace in Italy and in the whole Mediterranean basin. The importance of active biomonitoring of this pollutant with hypersensitive Bel-W3 tobacco plants is stressed, and several examples of field studies carried out in Italy with this technique are presented. Current limitations are discussed, with special emphasis on data quality assessment and the opportunity of adopting easy-to-use kits based on tobacco germlings instead of adult plants. A standardization of methodologies (from cultivation to scoring and data elaboration), also at an international level, is strongly felt to be needed, in order to get official acknowledgement of biomonitoring procedures. Potential educational implications, with the active involvement of students and environmentalists, are shown. Other biological indicators are used, namely sensitive and resistant white clover (Trifolium repens) clones (as descriptors of biomass reduction in crops species) and Centaurea jacea (brown knapweed) as a model species to evaluate the relationship between ozone exposure and effects on the performance and injury symptoms of native plants which are largely used in the framework of European programmes.

show abstract

Long range transport of photochemical ozone over the Tyrrhenian Sea demonstrated by a new miniaturized bioassay with ozone-sensitive tobacco seedlings

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Plants as indicators of urban air pollution (ozone and trace elements) in Pisa, Italy

Plants as indicators of urban air pollution (ozone and trace elements) in Pisa, Italy

Ozone effects on photosynthesis of ornamental species suitable for urban green spaces of China

Biological monitoring of ozone: the twenty-year Italian experience

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About