Long-range transport of air pollutants originating in China: A possible major cause of multi-day high-PM10 episodes during cold season in Seoul, Korea

Oh, Hye Yeon; Ho, Chin Siong; Kim, Jinwon; Chen, Deliang; Lee, Seungmin; Choi, Yun-Sang; Chang, Lim Seok; Song, Chang Keun

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.03.005

Cited by 144 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…For instance, by investigating a high PM 10 concentration episode in October 2008, Lee et al (2013a) reported that the stagnant high-pressure system over Korea may play a decisive role in the accumulation of air pollutant in Seoul, Korea. Oh et al, (2015) also showed a strong positive geopotential height anomaly over Korea and Japan during multi-day high PM 10 concentration episodes during analyzed PM composition 20 measurements from 20 monitoring sites in northern China and documented a high sulfur and nitrogen oxidation ratio, suggesting additional production of sulfates and nitrates with high emissions, under stagnant weather conditions. They proposed that the formation of secondary PM is one important mechanism in the formation of heavy air pollution episodes.…”

Section: Type 3: Stagnant High-pressure Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we revisit the relationship between synoptic weather patterns and the development and transport of air pollutants in East Asia (Ding et al, 2009;Lee et al, 2011bLee et al, , 2013Oh et al, 2015;Zhang et al, 2016). Only the cool season (fall to spring) is considered as air pollutions are severe in this season while pollutants are quickly washed out during Asian summer monsoon period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Korea also has similar challenging and ongoing regional air-quality issues, especially in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA), the most populated and industrialized region in Korea. The Korean government legislated a special Act in 2005 implementing a series of strict policies to reduce air-pollutant emission, with the goal to attain PM 10 PM 10 (WMO, 2012); however, one yet-unsolved issue is that the SMA still experiences frequent episodic regional pollution events and continuous degradation of visibility, especially during the winter (Oh et al, 2015). Recent studies have suggested that the long-range transport of emissions or pollutants from neighboring countries-especially from China-has partly contributed to the SMA's air pollution problem (Jeong et al, 2011;Lee et al, 2014;Moreno et al, 2012;Ou-Yang et al, 2013;Verstraeten et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synoptic perspectives on pollutant transport patterns observed by satellites over East Asia: Case studies with a conceptual model

Kim

Son

et al. 2016

Preprint

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Abstract. We demonstrate that daily pollutant transport patterns in East Asia are visible from satellite images when 15 inspected with corresponding synoptic weather analyses. Transport pathways of air pollutants in East Asia are investigated using satellite observations, surface weather charts, and chemical-transport model simulations. It is found that during cool season (fall to spring), pollutant transports in East Asia are largely determined by synoptic weather patterns associated with high pressure system over southern China, which is extended from the Siberia High, and low pressure system over Manchuria, which is initiated by Altai-Sayan cyclogenesis. Based on the relative location and strength of these weather 20 systems, three types of synoptic weather patterns that may contribute to pollutants transport in East Asia, especially in China and Korea, are identified: i.e., (1) a strengthening of the Siberian High and its southeastward propagation; (2) a high-pressure system over southern China followed by a frontal passage associated with a northern low-pressure system; and (3) a stagnant high-pressure system over southern China. For all three patterns, the high-pressure system in southern China is essential for the development of regional air pollution, while frontal activities associated with low-pressure system provide a forcing 25 mechanism to transport those pollutants eastward or southeastward. Observed and simulated surface PM distributions show good agreement in both aerosol optical depth and NO2 column density further implying that anthropogenic emissions also contribute to regional events of high surface PM concentrations. It is argued that the quasi-periodic migration of synoptic weather systems in East Asia works as an efficient pump of pollutants; i.e., regional air pollutions developed under highpressure systems are transported downstream by low-pressure systems. 30

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Section: Type 3: Stagnant High-pressure Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synoptic perspectives on pollutant transport patterns observed by satellites over East Asia: Case studies with a conceptual model

Kim

Son

et al. 2016

Preprint

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“…The regional distribution of pollution 1-2 days before each high PM 2.5 pollution episode can be effectively used to verify the source region of pollution carried through LRT (Oh et al, 2015). For episodes 5, 9, 11, 13, and 18 (mainly affected by super-regional transport from the north: Henan-Shandong, YRD, and Anhui-Hubei), the spatial distributions of PM 2.5 concentrations in China on the day of each episode (Day-0) and during 2 days before each PM 2.5 pollution episode (Day-2) were generated using spatial interpolations based on the data collected from 1436 atmospheric environment monitoring stations in China.…”

Section: Identification Of Source Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics and Main Contributing Regions of High PM2.5 Pollution in Hong Kong

Ding

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) pollution episodes occur frequently in most Chinese metropolises. Because Hong Kong is affected by the East Asian monsoon, its high PM 2.5 pollution is potentially contributed to by a combination of local and regional emissions. This study identified the spatial and temporal characteristics and contributing regions of PM 2.5 pollution episodes in Hong Kong. We analyzed the hourly monitoring data collected at various monitoring stations in Hong Kong for the year 2014 in addition to spatial distributions of PM 2.5 in China in the days preceding high pollution episodes, and we identified the spatial and temporal characteristics of high PM 2.5 pollution in Hong Kong. The relative contributions of local and regional sources to high PM 2.5 episodes were then quantified. Finally, backward trajectories of air masses arriving in Hong Kong during high PM 2.5 episodes were generated to determine the main contributing regions. The results indicated that PM 2.5 levels were higher in the northwestern and southeastern parts of Hong Kong and the Yuen Long station observed the most serious pollution, with a highest daily average PM 2.5 concentration of 118 µg m -3; other areas noted relatively lower concentrations, with maximum daily average concentrations less than 100 µg m -3. Regional sources accounted for almost 70% of the PM 2.5 pollution and were mostly from the northern and northeastern areas of Hong Kong. Six main contributing regions were identified: the northern region of Guangdong province, Henan-Shandong, the Yangtze River Delta, Jiangxi, Fujian, and Anhui-Hubei. Among these, Guangdong province contributed the highest proportion of the pollution. Because PM 2.5 is a major air pollutant in Hong Kong, the findings of this study will be useful for forecasting PM 2.5 pollution episodes. Moreover, the developed methodology can be extended to other pollutants if their characteristics and main contributing regions can be identified.

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“…Korea tends to be influenced by various air masses with different pollutant levels since Korea is located downstream of China (Oh et al 2015;Lee et al 2013). Several heavy haze events were recently observed in Korea from 2011 to 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Recent Severe Haze Events in Korea and Possible Inadvertent Weather Modification

Eun

Kim

Lee

et al. 2016

SOLA

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Long-range transport of air pollutants originating in China: A possible major cause of multi-day high-PM10 episodes during cold season in Seoul, Korea

Cited by 144 publications

References 29 publications

Synoptic perspectives on pollutant transport patterns observed by satellites over East Asia: Case studies with a conceptual model

Synoptic perspectives on pollutant transport patterns observed by satellites over East Asia: Case studies with a conceptual model

Spatial and Temporal Characteristics and Main Contributing Regions of High PM2.5 Pollution in Hong Kong

Characteristics of Recent Severe Haze Events in Korea and Possible Inadvertent Weather Modification

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