Long-Range Interactions and Symmetry Breaking in Quantum Gases through Optical Feedback

Zhang, Yong-Chang; Walther, Valentin; Pohl, Thomas

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.121.073604

Cited by 43 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This multimode situation is inherent in the SFM setup and arises due to transverse rotational and translational symmetries of the initial system. Light-mediated self-organization of atomic degrees of freedom in multimode configurations is currently generating some interest, with possible broader implications for the field of condensed-matter physics [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. In addition to the optomechanical effects, spinor effects have sparked interest in this community as well [15,18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon inserting the critical diffractive phase shift of θ c = π 2 , the coefficient λ is given by relation (7) and η is…”

Section: B Inversion Symmetry Breakingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Light-mediated cold-atom self-organization is an emerging research avenue with potential applications in metrology and condensed matter simulation [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. In this paper, we study the phenomenon of self-organization arising in an optically nonlinear sample due to diffractive coupling via single mirror feedback [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inversion-symmetry breaking in spin patterns by a weak magnetic field

et al. 2019

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Laser-driven cold atoms near a plane retroreflecting mirror exhibit self-organization above a pump threshold. We analyze the properties of self-organized spin patterns in the ground state of cold rubidium atoms. Antiferromagnetic patterns in zero magnetic field give way to ferrimagnetic patterns if a small longitudinal field is applied. We demonstrate how the experimental system can be modeled as spin-1 atoms diffractively coupled by the light reflected by the mirror. The roles of both dipolar and quadrupolar magnetization components in determining the threshold and symmetry variations with a weak longitudinal magnetic field are examined. Although the magnetic structures correspond dominantly to a lattice of magnetic dipoles, the symmetry breaking to ferrimagnetic structures in a finite field is mediated by the coupling to a homogenous quadrupole (alignment), which is not possible in a spin-1/2 system. Our study provides a basis for further exploration of instabilities in driven multilevel systems with feedback.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Upon inserting the critical diffractive phase shift of θ c = π 2 , the coefficient λ is given by relation (7) and η is…”

Section: B Inversion Symmetry Breakingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inversion-symmetry breaking in spin patterns by a weak magnetic field

et al. 2019

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“…It was found that MI may occur in such systems even the Kerr nonlinearity is repulsive, or has both repulsive and attractive parts [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44], which provides the possibility to realize spontaneous symmetry breaking [45] and generate spatially extended, ordered structures in nonlocal nonlinear media. Various self-organized patterns were found [42][43][44][46][47][48], especially the ones of atomic density formed in Rydberg-dressed [40,[49][50][51][52][53][54] and dipolar [55][56][57][58][59][60] Bose-Einstein condensates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural phase transitions of optical patterns in atomic gases with microwave-controlled Rydberg interactions

Shi

Huang

2020

Phys. Rev. A

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Spontaneous symmetry breaking and formation of self-organized structures in nonlinear systems are intriguing and important phenomena in nature. Advancing such research to new nonlinear optical regimes is of much interest for both fundamental physics and practical applications. Here we propose a scheme to realize optical pattern formation in a cold Rydberg atomic gas via electromagnetically induced transparency. We show that, by coupling two Rydberg states with a microwave field (microwave dressing), the nonlocal Kerr nonlinearity of the Rydberg gas can be enhanced significantly and may be tuned actively. Based on such nonlocal Kerr nonlinearity, we demonstrate that a plane-wave state of probe laser field can undergo a modulation instability (MI) and hence spontaneous symmetry breaking, which may result in the emergence of various self-organized optical patterns. Especially, we find that a hexagonal lattice pattern (which is the only optical pattern when the microwave dressing is absent) may develop into several types of square lattice ones when the microwave dressing is applied; moreover, as a outcome of the MI the formation of nonlocal optical solitons is also possible in the system. Different from earlier studies, the optical patterns and nonlocal optical solitons found here can be flexibly manipulated by adjusting the effective probe-field intensity, nonlocality degree of the Kerr nonlinearity, and the strength of the microwave field. Our work opens a route for versatile controls of self-organizations and structural phase transitions of laser light, which may have potential applications in optical information processing and transmission.

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“…All these exciting experimental achievements have sparked intense theoretical efforts [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] concerning novel collective phenomena and dissipative dynamics arising from the cavity-mediated interactions. In particular, the extended Bose-Hubbard model realized in ETH experiment 7,24,25 has attracted much theoretical attention.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended Bose-Hubbard Model with Cavity-Mediated Infinite-Range Interactions at Finite Temperatures

Chen

Zheng

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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We consider the finite-temperature properties of the extended Bose-Hubbard model realized recently in an ETH experiment [Nature 532, 476 (2016)]. Competing short-and global-range interactions accommodate fascinating collective phenomena. We formulate a self-consistent mean-field theory to describe the behaviors of the system at finite temperatures. At a fixed chemical potential, we map out the distributions of the superfluid order parameters and number densities with respect to the temperatures. For a charge density wave, we find that the global-range interaction enhances the charge order by increasing the transition temperature at which the charge order melts out, while for a supersolid phase, we find that the disappearance of the charge order and the superfluid order occurs at different temperature. At a fixed number-density filling factor, we extract the temperature dependence of the thermodynamic functions such as internal energy, specific heat and entropy. Across the superfluid phase transition, the specific heat has a discontinuous jump.

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Long-Range Interactions and Symmetry Breaking in Quantum Gases through Optical Feedback

Cited by 43 publications

References 58 publications

Inversion-symmetry breaking in spin patterns by a weak magnetic field

Inversion-symmetry breaking in spin patterns by a weak magnetic field

Structural phase transitions of optical patterns in atomic gases with microwave-controlled Rydberg interactions

Extended Bose-Hubbard Model with Cavity-Mediated Infinite-Range Interactions at Finite Temperatures

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