Long-range coupled surface exciton polaritons

Yang, Fuzi; Sambles, J. R.; Bradberry, G. W.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.64.559

Cited by 74 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The surface of solid that is illuminated by a beam of incident light will produce a bound pair of electron hole due to the absorption of photons [49,50]. In the meantime, the electrons of the conduction band and the holes of the valence band form a new bound state due to the Coulomb interaction, which is often called exciton.…”

Section: Brief Introduction To Surface Excitonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exciton-plasmon coupling interactions: from principle to applications

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The interaction of exciton-plasmon coupling and the conversion of exciton-plasmon-photon have been widely investigated experimentally and theoretically. In this review, we introduce the exciton-plasmon interaction from basic principle to applications. There are two kinds of exciton-plasmon coupling, which demonstrate different optical properties. The strong exciton-plasmon coupling results in two new mixed states of light and matter separated energetically by a Rabi splitting that exhibits a characteristic anticrossing behavior of the exciton-LSP energy tuning. Compared to strong coupling, such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering, surface plasmon (SP)-enhanced absorption, enhanced fluorescence, or fluorescence quenching, there is no perturbation between wave functions; the interaction here is called the weak coupling. SP resonance (SPR) arises from the collective oscillation induced by the electromagnetic field of light and can be used for investigating the interaction between light and matter beyond the diffraction limit. The study on the interaction between SPR and exaction has drawn wide attention since its discovery not only due to its contribution in deepening and broadening the understanding of SPR but also its contribution to its application in light-emitting diodes, solar cells, low threshold laser, biomedical detection, quantum information processing, and so on.

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Section: Brief Introduction To Surface Excitonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This field has attracted the attention of researchers and a series of studies have been carried out [50,[53][54][55]. Excitons are well suited to describe the optical properties of semiconductors.…”

Section: Brief Introduction To Surface Excitonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exciton-plasmon coupling interactions: from principle to applications

et al. 2017

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“…In addition to surface plasmon modes, there are other surface modes such as phonon and exciton polariton [10,11] modes. In previous years, a new family of two-dimensional materials, the transition metal dichalconides (TMD), such as MoS 2 , SnS 2 and WeS 2 , have been subject of intense theoretical [12][13][14] and experimental investigations [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-field relaxation of a quantum emitter to two-dimensional semiconductors: Surface dissipation and exciton polaritons

et al. 2016

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The total spontaneous emission rate of a quantum emitter in the presence of an infinite MoS 2 monolayer is enhanced by several orders of magnitude, compared to its free-space value, due to the excitation of surface exciton polariton modes and lossy modes. The spectral and distance dependence of the spontaneous emission rate are analyzed and the lossy-surface-wave, surface exciton polariton mode and radiative contributions are identified. The transverse magnetic and transverse electric exciton polariton modes can be excited for different emission frequencies of the quantum emitter, and their contributions to the total spontaneous emission rate are different. To calculate these different decay rates, we use the non-Hermitian description of light-matter interactions, employing a Green's tensor formalism. The distance dependence follows different trends depending on the emission energy of quantum emitter. For the case of the lossy surface waves, the distance dependence follows a z −n , n = 2, 3, 4, trend. When transverse magnetic exciton polariton modes are excited, they dominate and characterize the distance dependence of the spontaneous emission rate of a quantum emitter in the presence of the MoS 2 layers. The interaction between a quantum emitter and a MoS 2 superlattice is investigated and we observe a splitting of the modes supported by the superlattice. Moreover, a blue shift of the peak values of the spontaneous emission rate of a quantum emitter is observed as the number of layers is increased. The field distribution profiles, created by a quantum emitter, are used to explain this behavior.

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“…the part of the  2 tensor that is due to the metallic in-plane electron motion. However,  xx , and hence the 2D electron density, does determine the shape of the mode, (see equations [3][4][5][6] and in this thin film, weak absorber limit there are two possible TM symmetric mode profiles that are supported, namely: (i) an LRP-type mode, whose field intensity decays with distance into the slab, akin to that seen in metal films [2][3][4] and which exists when the real part of  xx is negative and (ii) the more conventional slab waveguide mode (denoted TM 0 , see reference 6), akin to that seen in a dielectric slab waveguide, which exists when the real part of  xx is positive (see table 1 for all the modes supported by a Q2DEG in the thin film limit).…”

Section: Ultra Long Propagation Of Symmetric Lrp Modes In the Thin Fimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the LRP the mean Poynting vector within the metallic layer is screened out by the large real part of the dielectric tensor of the metal, which leads to long propagation lengths. Even longer LRP propagation lengths can be attained if the real part of the dielectric constant of the metallic layer is exactly equal to zero 4 ; in this case the mean Poynting vector inside the metallic layer is zero and the absorption vanishes. The SRP, on the other hand, always has a large fraction of its power within the metallic layer, and is therefore always heavily damped.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultralong-range plasmonic waveguides using quasi-two-dimensional metallic layers

Plumridge¹,

Phillips²

2007

Phys. Rev. B

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We calculate the bound plasmonic modes of a "quantum metamaterial" slab, comprised of multiple quasi-two-dimensional electron gas (Q2DEG) layers, whose thickness is much smaller than the optical wavelength. For the first order transverse magnetic (TM) optical and the surface plasmonic modes we find propagation constants which are independent of both the electron density and of the scattering rates in the Q2DEG's. This leads to extremely long propagation distances. In a detailed case study of a structure comprising a slab of GaAs/AlGaAs multiple-quantum-well (MQW) material, we find propagation lengths of 100's of mm. In addition, the electric field enhancement associated with the plasmonic resonance is found to be sufficient to induce the condition of 'strong coupling' between the slab modes and the intersubband transitions in the MQW's. IntroductionSurface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) are evanescent waves which travel along the boundary between two materials whose dielectric tensors differ in sign 1 . It has long been known that two such SPPs can couple across a thin metal layer, thus producing a single coupled mode whose propagation length is much longer than an individual SPP 2 . These coupled SPPs can be put into the larger framework of bound modes in slab waveguides for dielectric and weakly absorbing thin films 3 . The coupling across the thin metallic layer hybridises the SPP modes into symmetric and or anti-symmetric admixtures, giving modes known as long and short range plasmons respectively (LRP/SRP). For the LRP the mean Poynting vector within the metallic layer is screened out by the large real part of the dielectric tensor of the metal, which leads to long propagation lengths. Even longer LRP propagation lengths can be attained if the real part of the dielectric constant of the metallic layer is exactly equal to zero 4 ; in this case the mean Poynting vector inside the metallic layer is zero and the absorption vanishes. The SRP, on the other hand, always has a large fraction of its power within the metallic layer, and is therefore always heavily damped.Semiconductor structures have a mature growth and fabrication technology. Nano-engineering in semiconductors can lead to quantum confinement and low dimensional structures such as quantum dots, quantum wires, and quantum wells. Moreover, one can accurately control the electron density, and hence the dielectric constant, by doping the semiconductor with donor atoms. The optical response of a quantum well is strongly anisotropic, and can be well described 5 as a quasi-twodimensional electron gas (Q2DEG): the electrons are free to move as a gas in the plane of the quantum well, but they are restricted to an atomic-like transition (intersubband transition, ISBT) in the perpendicular direction.When quantum wells are stacked in layers to form a multiple quantum well structure (MQW), they form a "quantum metamaterial" slab, comprised of Q2DEG material which has a finite optical thickness but has a similar dielectric tensor to the individual Q2DEGs which ...

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Long-range coupled surface exciton polaritons

Cited by 74 publications

References 3 publications

Exciton-plasmon coupling interactions: from principle to applications

Exciton-plasmon coupling interactions: from principle to applications

Near-field relaxation of a quantum emitter to two-dimensional semiconductors: Surface dissipation and exciton polaritons

Ultralong-range plasmonic waveguides using quasi-two-dimensional metallic layers

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