Long-Life High-Repetition-Rate Triggered Spark Gap

Watson, H. H.

doi:10.1109/tps.1980.4317293

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…2^4), followed by a more complete data set at d = 1.0 cm (Figs. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously published velocity surveys in spark gaps have been quite limited. 5 The present velocity data results have been obtained to compliment a series of flow visualization studies 1 ' 6 for the same electrode geometry. The present results and analysis of the flow visualization results, along with numerical modeling results, 6 ' 7 all lead to a consistent picture of how the flow phenomena occurring in a gas-flow spark gap influence switch recovery.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Velocity surveys in a gas-flow spark gap switch

1988

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A series of mean velocity and turbulence intensity surveys have been obtained for flow between the electrodes of a gas-flow spark gap switch over a range of gas pressures, gas species, and gap spacings for one electrode geometry consisting of two 3.81-cm-diam electrodes with domed tips placed transverse to the gas flow direction. Data include mean and fluctuating velocity profiles measured between the electrodes, both on the electrode axis and downstream of the electrodes. Pitot, total head, and one-and two-channel hot wire probes have been used. These data document flow conditions occurring in a gas-flow spark gap switch and provide insight into flow processes affecting recovery of such a switch when operated repetitively. Results have indicated that highly turbulent wakes are formed downstream of these electrodes; these wakes are believed to degrade switch electrical recovery due to trapping of heated debris from prior arcs. Also, it has been found that, for this electrode geometry, freestream turbulence levels do not have a great effect on recovery.Nomenclature d = interelectrode gap spacing / = longitudinal turbulence intensity, defined as rms x -velocity fluctuation divided by mean velocity p = gas pressure R = electrode radius U = streamwise mean velocity in x direction V = horizontal mean velocity in y direction x -horizontal coordinate, measured in direction of gas flow y = horizontal coordinate, measured transverse to direction of mean gas flow z = vertical coordinate, measured along electrode axis from midgap A = turbulence integral length scale (large, energycontaining eddy size) 1 = turbulence microscale (eddy size relating mean square strain rate fluctuation to mean square velocity fluctuation) T = switch recovery time for 70% recovery

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“…2^4), followed by a more complete data set at d = 1.0 cm (Figs. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Velocity surveys in a gas-flow spark gap switch

1988

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“…enabling their application in various domains [5]- [13]. For a single-shot or low repetition-rate operation two, three, or multielectrode products with good performance at high peak current (1-500 kA) and high peak voltage (2.5-100 kV) are all commercially available, such as the T-Series spark gap switches produced by L3 company [14] and the SG-Series spark gap switches produced by R. E. Beverly III & Associates [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact and Repetitively Triggered, Field-Distortion Low-Jitter Spark-Gap Switch

Song

Zhang

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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This paper describes the development of a small field-distortion spark gap switch. Comprehensive experimental studies made with the switch revealed its self-breakdown characteristics, voltage operating range, time delay and jitter, repetition frequency and finally the electrode erosion processes and duration of its service life time. A series of design improvements were required to be implemented in the switch design. For example, to reduce the structural inductance of the switch and to improve its working characteristics, the main electrode was designed as a circular track structure. Similarly, to increase the operation stability and reduce the self-breakdown probability, the trigger electrode was designed as a disk-like structure. Moreover, to balance the gas pressure in the discharge region and increase the stability during closure, a circular hole was added at the center of the trigger electrode. The compact switch has a small size of only 150 mm × 42 mm, a weight of 1.5 kg and can successfully be operated at a voltage over 110 kV, at a repetition rate between 1 Hz to 50 Hz and having a jitter of less than 4 ns. It was experimentally demonstrated that during normal operation conditions, the switch life time exceeds 100,000 shots.

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An electrically triggered 200 kV rail-gap switch for wide aperture excimer lasers

Endoh

Watanabe

1984

Journal of Applied Physics

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A wide aperture (7X7 cm 2 ), high output energy (5 J in KrF and 13.8 J in XeCl), UV preionized excimer laser is described. A self-breakdown rail gap was employed as an output switch with the maximum voltage and current up to 230 kV and 300 kA, respectively. To solve the switchingjitter problem associated with the self-breakdown, an electrical triggering was investigated. The measured minimum switching time delay and gap closing time were 40 and 10 ns, respectively. The number of channels up to 50 was observed with a uniform distribution over the 80-cm electrode length. The triggering jitter was measured to be less than a nanosecond. The maximum operation voltage of the triggered rail gap was 200 kV. The successful trigger operation was obtained in the range 30%-98% of the self-breakdown voltage.

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Long-Life High-Repetition-Rate Triggered Spark Gap

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Velocity surveys in a gas-flow spark gap switch

Velocity surveys in a gas-flow spark gap switch

A Compact and Repetitively Triggered, Field-Distortion Low-Jitter Spark-Gap Switch

An electrically triggered 200 kV rail-gap switch for wide aperture excimer lasers

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