Long-lasting effects of pandemics: The case of the 1918 influenza pandemic in Argentina

González, Fernando Antonio Ignacio; Dip, Juan Antonio; London, Silvia

doi:10.1016/j.sste.2021.100409

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…However, the comparison of the results between both sources of information should be made with caution, given the discrepancies between educational levels and marital status that arise from each source of information (see Section 2). Moreover, these discrepancies are expected due to the wide heterogeneities between Argentine regions (González et al, 2021). The results of this paper are consistent with previous evidence (Eika et al, 2019;Greenwood et al, 2014;Hryshko et al, 2017).…”

Section: Incompletesupporting

confidence: 91%

The Impact of Educational Assortative Mating on Income Inequality: Evidence from Argentina

González¹,

Kumbykuaa²,

Dip³

2021

JPSS

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This paper seeks to quantify the impact of educational assortative mating on income inequality among households in Argentina. We use microdata from two household surveys conducted by the National Institute of Statistics and Census: The Permanent Household Survey and the National Survey of Risk Factors. We construct contingency tables and perform a regression analysis to study the existence of educational assortative mating. We also present counterfactual simulations of random re-matching of observations. The results show that a sizeable proportion of couples are educationally homogamous (45%). Comparing the Gini coefficients calculated in the real matching and the simulated scenarios, we observe a reduction of up to 4 points. Thus, the educational assortative mating represents a relevant dimension to explain income inequality. Our results recommend considering this matching pattern when defining optimal income taxes; this is, if there is a high positive covariance between the income of both members of the couple, it seems appropriate, from a redistributive point of view, to define income taxes at the household level and not at the individual level (as is currently the case in most countries, including Argentina).

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Section: Incompletesupporting

confidence: 91%

The Impact of Educational Assortative Mating on Income Inequality: Evidence from Argentina

González¹,

Kumbykuaa²,

Dip³

2021

JPSS

Self Cite

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“…Considering that in the future an increase in the frequency and severity of the occurrence of natural disasters is expected, the results of this work constitute a clear call for attention towards an active implementation of public policies for mitigation and adaptation. This is especially true for developing countries where the evidence agrees to highlight that the negative effects of natural disasters are greater, including long-lasting effects on human development and a higher mortality risk (González et al, 2020;2021b). Thus, the implementation of these policies not only contributes to reducing vulnerability to disasters, but also constitutes true tools to combat poverty on a global scale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Natural disasters and economic growth: a synthesis of empirical evidence

González¹

2022

Nóesis

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Natural disasters pose a serious threat globally and, in the future, their frequency and severity are expected to increase due to climate change. Empirical evidence has reported conflicting results in terms of the impact of disasters on economic growth. In this context, the aim of this paper is to synthesize the recent empirical evidence in this topic. For this, meta-analysis and meta-regression techniques are employed. More than 650 estimates, from studies published in the last five years (2015)(2016)(2017)(2018)(2019)(2020), are used. The review includes three sources (Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar). The results identified the existence of a negative and significant combined effect (-0.015). Developing countries are especially vulnerable to disasters. The negative impact is greater for disasters that occurred in the last decade -in relation to previous disasters-. These findings constitute a call for attention in favour of mitigation and adaptation policies.

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“…Several studies of the 1918–20 influenza have also reported that in utero exposure to the pandemic was associated with various life outcomes that could have been a risk factor for poor mental health, e.g. higher rates of physical disability ( Almond, 2006 ), higher rates of chronic disease and hospitalization ( Acquah et al, 2017 ; Lin & Liu, 2014 ), and lower levels of education ( González et al, 2021 ; Lin & Liu, 2014 ; Percoco, 2016 ). However, it is also established that estimates of the effects of in utero exposure to 1918–20 pandemic can be both highly inconsistent ( Cohen et al, 2010 ; Vollmer & Wójcik, 2017 , p. 92) and systematically biased ( Beach et al, 2018 ; Brown & Thomas, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social distancing and influenza mortality in 1918 did not increase suicide rates in the United States

Gaddy

2021

SSM - Population Health

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Recent research has suggested that the social distancing mandates introduced in the United States during the main waves of the 1918–20 influenza pandemic caused an increase in suicide rates. However, that finding relies on poor-quality, temporally mismatched data and has signs of omitted variable bias. Similarly, a long-standing finding that American suicide rates in 1918–20 were also boosted by the influenza mortality of the time has gone unquestioned in the literature, despite the original research admitting its risk of ecological fallacy. Using higher-powered mortality data, I cast doubt on both findings by analyzing the experiences of the pandemic in 43 of the largest American cities of the time. In line with some populations’ experiences of COVID-19, I report tentative evidence that social distancing mandates during the 1918–20 pandemic may have been associated with decreased suicide rates. Larger, cross-national investigations of the effects of historical pandemics and social distancing mandates on mental health and suicide are needed.

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Long-lasting effects of pandemics: The case of the 1918 influenza pandemic in Argentina

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

The Impact of Educational Assortative Mating on Income Inequality: Evidence from Argentina

The Impact of Educational Assortative Mating on Income Inequality: Evidence from Argentina

Natural disasters and economic growth: a synthesis of empirical evidence

Social distancing and influenza mortality in 1918 did not increase suicide rates in the United States

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