Long-duration, high-frequency plant regeneration from cereal tissue cultures

Abstract

By visual examination of calli derived from germinating seeds of wheat, oats, rice, proso millet, and pearl millet it has been possible to visually select embryogenic (E) callus which, on transfer to a regeneration medium, forms plants an average of 33 times more frequently than non-embryogenic (NE) callus of equal mass. Embryogenic callus consists of small isodiametric cells averaging 31 μm in diameter; NE callus consists of long tubular cells averaging 52 μm in width and 355 μm in length. Production of E callus is in many cases promoted by media containing 2,4-di- or 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D or 2,4,5-T) plus indole-3-acetic acid or tryptophan+kinetin. Production on NE callus is promoted by media containing 2,4-D or 2,4,5-T alone. As a result of initial experiments to optimize both media for E callus production and media for plant regeneration, callus derived in six passages from an average of 26 seeds could produce about 1,000 regenerated plants.

High frequency somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from zygotic embryo-derived callus cultures of three Allium species

“…These studies have shown that callus that gives rise to somatic embryos is usually compact and nodular and that this embryogenic callus can be microscopically distinguished from non-embryogenic callus (Vasil 1985;Nabors et al 1983). MS medium has been used successfully to induce embryogenic callus cultures from a large number of gramineous species (Nabors et al 1983;Vasil 1985;Ahloowalia 1990). In the present study this common MS medium proved successful for the induction of embryogenic callus cultures from three Allium species using zygotic embryos as the explant material.…”

Analysis of organogenic competence of cotyledons of Jatropha curcas and their in vitro histological behavior

“…According to our observation, the calli arising from the edges of explants obtained in this work were typically non friable, whitish and/or hard. No green points were observed on the surface of any of these calli, which would have led to the possible conclusion that the calli were organogenic (Nabors et al, 1983). We hypothesized that these calli did not participate in the organogenic process and therefore did not give rise to the emerging shoot.…”

Study Regarding the in Vitro Regeneration and Use Perspectives in Some Valeriana officinalis L. Genotypes

“…The culture environment used was Murashige-Skoog, 1962, (Table 1) In general, the possibility of applying such methods depends on the species, the donor material, age of the explants or the environment's formula (Lührs & Lörz, 1987;Nabors et al, 1983;Popelka & Altpeter, 2001;Maës et al, 1996;Dahleen, 1999), (Lührs & Lörz, 1987;Barro et al, 1999, Thomas & Scott, 1985Maës et al, 1996, as cited in Gana, 2010.…”

“…If it's not cultivated on time, the callus grows old and changes it's colour pursuant to metabolite accumulation. According to Nabors, 1983 the callus can be a recuperative type when it leads to complete plant formation or a non-recuperative type when it grows abundantly and it regenerates either roots, either buds, but never complete plants.…”