Long distance measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with entangled photon sources

Xu, Feihu; Qi, Bing; Liao, Zhongfa; Lo, Hoi-Kwong

doi:10.1063/1.4817672

Cited by 68 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…(i) In the asymptotic case, the optimal choice for µ a and µ b does not always satisfy µ (ii) In an asymmetric system with x = 0.1 (50 km length difference for two standard fiber links), the advantage of the optimal choice is shown in figure 8, where the key rate with the optimal choice is around 80% larger than that with the symmetric choice in both asymptotic and practical cases 23 . We remark that when x is far from 1, this advantage is more significant.…”

Section: Summary Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical aspects of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution

et al. 2013

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A novel protocol, measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD), removes all attacks from the detection system, the most vulnerable part in QKD implementations. In this paper, we present an analysis for practical aspects of MDI-QKD. To evaluate its performance, we study various error sources by developing a general system model. We find that MDI-QKD is highly practical and thus can be easily implemented with standard optical devices. Moreover, we present a simple analytical method with only two (general) decoy states for the finite decoy-state analysis. This method can be used directly by experimentalists to demonstrate MDI-QKD. By combining the system model with the finite decoy-state method, we present a general framework for the optimal choice of the intensities of the signal and decoy states. Furthermore, we consider a common situation, namely asymmetric BS U1 Alice U3 a b c d U2 PBS2 PBS1 SPD SPD ch dh cv WCP M M Charles/Eve Alice M Bob WCP P M M BS U3 3 B a b c d PBS2 SPD SPD ch dh dv cv Charles/Eve WCP Figure 1. MDI-QKD system model. WCP, weak coherent pulse; M, polarization and intensity modulators; BS, beam splitter; PBS, polarization BS; SPD, singlephoton detector. In MDI-QKD [14], each of Alice and Bob prepares BB84 states in combination with decoy states and sends them to an untrusted relay Charles (or Eve), who is supposed to perform a BSM. As an example, this figure considers a polarization-encoding scheme. Three unitary operators (U) are used to model the polarization misalignment (or rotation); PBS2 is defined as the fundamental measurement basis; U 1 (U 2 ) represents the polarization misalignment of Alice's (Bob's) channel transmission, while U 3 models the misalignment of the other measurement setting, PBS1. In the ideal case without any polarization misalignment, the rectilinear (Z ) basis, used for key generation in equation (1), refers to the basis of PBS1 and PBS2.

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Section: Summary Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical aspects of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution

et al. 2013

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“…The platforms for the implementation of MDI-QKD [35][36][37][38][39][40] can also be used here with several modifications. Thus, we expect MDI-QCT to be widely utilized in practical QCT systems in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement-device-independent quantum coin tossing

et al. 2015

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Quantum coin tossing (QCT) is an important primitive of quantum cryptography and has received continuous interest. However, in practical QCT, Bob's detectors can be subjected to detector-side channel attacks launched by dishonest Alice, which will possibly make the protocol completely insecure. Here, we report a simple strategy of a detector-blinding attack based on a recent experiment. To remove all the detector side-channels, we present a solution of measurement-device-independent QCT (MDI-QCT). This method is similar to the idea of MDI quantum key distribution (QKD). MDI-QCT is loss-tolerant with single-photon sources and has the same bias as the original losstolerant QCT under a coherent attack. Moreover, it provides the potential advantage of doubling the secure distance for some special case. Finally, MDI-QCT can also be modified to fit the weak coherent state sources. Thus, based on the rapid development of practical MDI-QKD, our proposal can be implemented easily.

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“…In recent years, many theoretical and experimental researches have been carried out towards the development of practical QKD systems based on optical fibers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and free-space [15][16][17] . However, people have higher expectations that the quantum secure communication can completely improve the underwater communication.…”

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Performance analysis of quantum key distribution based on air-water channel

Zhou

2015

Optoelectron. Lett.

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Considering the air-water interface and ocean water's optical attenuation, the performance of quantum key distribution (QKD) based on air-water channel is studied. The effects of photons' various incident angles to air-water interface on quantum bit error rate (QBER) and the maximum secure transmission distance are analyzed. Taking the optical attenuation of ocean water into account, the performance bounds of QKD in different types of ocean water are discussed. The simulation results show that the maximum secure transmission distance of QKD gradually reduces as the incident angle from air to ocean water increases. In the clearest ocean water with the lowest attenuation, the maximum secure transmission distance of photons far exceeds the the working depth of underwater vehicles. In intermediate and murky ocean waters with higher attenuation, the secure transmission distance shortens, but the underwater vehicle can deploy other accessorial methods for QKD with perfect security. So the implementation of OKD between the satellite and the underwater vehicle is feasible."Quantum secure communication of China Beijing Shanghai line" project has been started, which proves a great leap of quantum key distribution (QKD) [1] from experiment to application [2] . In recent years, many theoretical and experimental researches have been carried out towards the development of practical QKD systems based on optical fibers [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and free-space [15][16][17] . However, people have higher expectations that the quantum secure communication can completely improve the underwater communication. Marco Lanzagorta [18] presented a good idea that QKD can be implemented between the satellite and the underwater vehicle to construct a two-way laser communication link with perfect security, and theoretically proved that the implementation of BB84 QKD protocol between two users submerged in ocean water was feasible. Ref. [19] analyzed the influence of the transmission rates of different photon components on quantum bit error rate (QBER) of QKD between different media. However, other than the influence of air-water interface, there is much challenge confronted by the photon signals from air to ocean water, such as the larger optical attenuation of ocean water, various noise and quantum efficiency of photodetector.In this paper, synthetically considering the influence of the air-water interface and the optical attenuation of the ocean water on QKD, the maximum secure transmission distances of BB84 QKD in different types of water are analyzed, and a more comprehensive demonstration for the feasibility of implementing OKD between the satellite and the underwater vehicle is provided.As shown in Fig.1, there is an incident ray with wave vector k from the medium with refractive index n 1 to the medium with refractive index n 2 , and the angle of refraction is γ. Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the photons transmitting between different mediaThen we define t p and t s to be the amplitude transmittances of s component and p co...

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Long distance measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution with entangled photon sources

Cited by 68 publications

References 53 publications

Practical aspects of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution

Practical aspects of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution

Measurement-device-independent quantum coin tossing

Performance analysis of quantum key distribution based on air-water channel

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