Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation had no effect on body weight but reduced energy intake in overweight and obese women

Harden, Charlotte J.; Dible, Victoria; Russell, Jean; Garaiová, Iveta; Plummer, Sue; Barker, Margo E.; Corfe, Bernard M.

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2013.10.004

Cited by 33 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Of the 40 potentially relevant records identified, 21 [ 9 , 15 – 34 ] met the inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis. 19 were excluded because 3 were not randomized controlled trials [ 8 , 35 , 36 ], 1 compared fish diet with fish oil supplements [ 37 ], 1 compared the mixture of linoleic acid and n-3 PUFAs with placebo [ 38 ], 1 did not provide n-3 PUFAs dosage [ 39 ], 2 had a treatment duration of only 3 weeks [ 40 , 41 ], 3 included infants or children [ 42 – 44 ], 7 did not provide related body compositions data [ 35 , 45 – 50 ], and 1 did not report the number of both groups [ 51 ] ( Fig 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Fish Oil Have an Anti-Obesity Effect in Overweight/Obese Adults? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Jin

Fang

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ContextAccumulating evidence has suggested favorable effects of fish oil on weight loss in animal experiments; however, findings remain inconsistent in humans.ObjectsThe meta-analysis was performed to investigate the influence of fish oil on some parameters of body composition in overweight/obese adults.DesignHuman randomized, placebo-controlled trials were identified by a systematic search of Embase, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, web of science and reference lists of related reviews and articles. The random-effects model was used to estimate the calculated results.ResultsIn total, 21 studies with 30 study arms were included in this analysis. Calculated results of the meta-analysis demonstrated that fish oil had no effect on reducing body weight (overall SMD = -0.07, 95% CI -0.21 to 0.07, P = 0.31) and BMI (overall SMD = -0.09, 95% CI -0.22 to 0.03, P = 0.14) whether alone or combined with life modification intervention in overweight/obese subjects. However, waist circumference was significantly reduced (SMD = -0.23, 95% CI -0.40 to -0.06, P = 0.008) in those with fish oil supplementation combined with life modification intervention. Waist hip ratio (WHR) was significantly reduced (overall SMD = -0.52 95% CI -0.76 to -0.27, P < 0.0005) in fish oil supplemented individuals with or without combination life modification intervention.ConclusionCurrent evidence cannot support an exact anti-obesity role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in overweight/obese subjects. However, these subjects may benefit from reducing abdominal fat with fish oil supplementation especially when combined with life modification intervention. Further large-scale and long-term clinical trials are needed to gain definite conclusions.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Fish Oil Have an Anti-Obesity Effect in Overweight/Obese Adults? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Jin

Fang

et al. 2015

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition to fibre, an abundance of omega-3 fatty acids in chia seed may play a role in appetite suppression. Although there are very limited data about the acute effects of omega-3 fatty acids on the satiety response, few studies have reported the potential effects of long-chain poly unsaturated fatty acids on food intake modulation and gut peptides [ 38 39 ]. In the current study, the nutritional compositions of the mid-morning snacks consumed on test days were closely matched by modifying their yogurt contents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chia seed (Salvia Hispanica L.) added yogurt reduces short-term food intake and increases satiety: randomised controlled trial

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVESSeveral studies have reported that consumption of Salvia Hispanica L.,commonly known as chia seed, may exert beneficial effects on health outcomes. The main purpose of this study was to examine the influence of chia seed consumption as a mid-morning snack on short-term satiety.SUBJECTS/METHODSSubjects (n = 24) were tested using a randomized, cross-over design consisting of three mid-morning snacks. Yogurt with no chia seed, yogurt with 7 g chia seed, and yogurt with 14 g chia seed were given to subjects on different test days. After subjects were asked to report visual analog scale (VAS) scores on sensory outcomes, ad libitum lunch was served, and energy intake of individuals was measured.RESULTSVAS scores indicated that participants reported significantly lower scores for hunger (P = 0.033), prospective food consumption (P = 0.031), amounts of food that could be consumed (P = 0.017), desire for sugary foods (P = 0.015), and higher scores for satiety (P = 0.031) on the test days with 7 g and 14 g chia seed. Energy intake of individuals during ad libitum lunch was significantly lower when they consumed yogurt with 7 g or 14 g chia seed (P = 0.037).CONCLUSIONSThe study demonstrated that chia seed consumption as a mid-morning snack may induce short-term satiety in healthy individuals.

show abstract

“…Omega-3 fatty acids and fish oil were also commonly advised for leanness ends, although current scientific opinion for such an effect is divided [ 65 , 66 ]. This was juxtaposed with advice to restrict fat in line with general recommendations for body-building [ 67 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this vein there was much commendation of individual “super-foods”, for example broccoli, capsicums and avocados, which were portrayed as the magic bullets of weight loss. Similarly, omega-3 fats were widely advised as a quick dietary fix for fat-burning, albeit that scientific evidence for such an effect in humans is limited [ 65 , 66 ]. Notably there was minimum emphasis on dietary energy restriction through portion size control or calorie-counting, even though restriction of dietary energy is central to body weight loss [ 70 , 73 , 74 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary advice for muscularity, leanness and weight control in Men’s Health magazine: a content analysis

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe dietary content of advice in men’s lifestyle magazines has not been closely scrutinised.MethodsWe carried out an analysis of such content in all 2009 issues (n = 11) of Men’s Health (MH) focusing on muscularity, leanness and weight control.ResultsPromotion of a mesomorphic body image underpinned advice to affect muscle building and control weight. Diet advice was underpinned by a strong pseudo-scientific discourse, with citation of expert sources widely used to legitimise the information. Frequently multiple dietary components were advocated within one article e.g. fat, omega-3 fatty acids, thiamine, zinc and high-glycaemic index foods. Furthermore advice would cover numerous nutritional effects, e.g. strengthening bones, reducing stress and boosting testosterone, with little contextualisation. The emphasis on attainment of a mesomorphic body image permitted promotion of slimming diets.Advice to increase calorie and protein intake to augment muscle mass was frequent (183 and 262 references, respectively). Such an anabolic diet was advised in various ways, including consumption of traditional protein foods (217 references) and sports foods (107 references), thereby replicating muscle magazines’ support for nutritional supplements. Although advice to increase consumption of red meat was common (52 references), fish and non-flesh sources of protein (eggs, nuts & pulses, and soy products) together exceeded red meat in number of recommendations (206 references). Advice widely asserted micronutrients and phytochemicals from plant food (161 references) as being important in muscle building. This emphasis diverges from stereotypical gender-based food consumption patterns.Dietary advice for control of body weight largely replicated that of muscularity, with strong endorsement to consume fruits and vegetables (59 references), diets rich in nuts and pulses and fish (66 references), as well as specific micronutrients and phytochemicals (62 references). Notably there was emphasis on fat-burning, good fats and consumption of single foods, with relatively little mention of dietary restriction.ConclusionsDespite the widespread use of scientific information to endorse dietary advice, the content, format and scientific basis of dietary content of MH leaves much to be desired. The dietary advice as provided may not be conducive to public health.

show abstract

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation had no effect on body weight but reduced energy intake in overweight and obese women

Cited by 33 publications

References 60 publications

Does Fish Oil Have an Anti-Obesity Effect in Overweight/Obese Adults? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Does Fish Oil Have an Anti-Obesity Effect in Overweight/Obese Adults? A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Chia seed (Salvia Hispanica L.) added yogurt reduces short-term food intake and increases satiety: randomised controlled trial

Dietary advice for muscularity, leanness and weight control in Men’s Health magazine: a content analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About