Loneliness is a unique predictor of age-related differences in systolic blood pressure.

Hawkley, Louise C.; Masi, Christopher M.; Berry, Jarett D.; Cacioppo, John T.

doi:10.1037/0882-7974.21.1.152

Cited by 400 publications

(359 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Studies designed to identify the mechanisms underlying the association between loneliness and mortality have found that loneliness is associated with increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) activity (Adam et al, 2006;Cacioppo et al, 2006;Doane and Adam, 2010;Glaser et al, 1985;Kiecolt-Glaser et al, 1984;Steptoe et al, 2004), altered gene expression indicative of decreased inflammatory control and increased glucocorticoid insensitivity (Cole et al, 2007(Cole et al, , 2011, increased inflammation, elevated vascular resistance, and blood pressure (Hackett et al, 2012;Hawkley et al, 2006Hawkley et al, , 2010bJaremka et al, 2013), higher rates of metabolic syndrome (Whisman, 2010), diminished immunity (Dixon et al, 2006;Glaser et al, 2005;Kiecolt-Glaser et al, 1984;Pressman et al, 2005;StraitsTröster et al, 1994), increased risk for age-related cognitive decline and dementia (Wilson et al, 2007), and increased sleep fragmentation (Cacioppo et al, 2002;Hawkley et al, 2010a;Jacobs et al, 2006;Kurina et al, 2011). Cross-lagged panel analyses have also shown that loneliness has also been associated with changes in psychological states that can contribute to morbidity and mortality, including increased depressive symptomatology (Booth, 2000;Cacioppo et al, 2006Cacioppo et al, , 2010VanderWeele et al, 2011), lower subjective wellbeing (Kong and You, 2013;VanderWeele et al, 2012), heightened vigilance for social threats (Cacioppo et al, 2015b), and decreased executive functioning (Baumeister and DeWall, 2005;Cacioppo et al, 2000;…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Association Study of Loneliness Demonstrates a Role for Common Variation

Gao

Davis

Hart

et al. 2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Loneliness is a complex biological trait that has been associated with numerous negative health outcomes. The measurement and environmental determinants of loneliness are well understood, but its genetic basis is not. Previous studies have estimated the heritability of loneliness between 37 and 55% using twins and family-based approaches, and have explored the role of specific candidate genes. We used genotypic and phenotypic data from 10 760 individuals aged ⩾ 50 years that were collected by the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to perform the first genome-wide association study of loneliness. No associations reached genome-wide significance (p45 × 10 − 8 ). Furthermore, none of the previously published associations between variants within candidate genes (BDNF, OXTR, RORA, GRM8, CHRNA4, IL-1A, CRHR1, MTHFR, DRD2, APOE) and loneliness were replicated (p40.05), despite our much larger sample size. We estimated the chip heritability of loneliness and examined coheritability between loneliness and several personality and psychiatric traits. Our estimates of chip heritability (14-27%) support a role for common genetic variation. We identified strong genetic correlations between loneliness, neuroticism, and a scale of 'depressive symptoms.' We also identified weaker evidence for coheritability with extraversion, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. We conclude that loneliness, as defined in this study, is a modestly heritable trait that has a highly polygenic genetic architecture. The coheritability between loneliness and neuroticism may reflect the role of negative affectivity that is common to both traits. Our results also reflect the value of studies that probe the common genetic basis of salutary social bonds and clinically defined psychiatric disorders.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Association Study of Loneliness Demonstrates a Role for Common Variation

Gao

Davis

Hart

et al. 2016

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Cuanto más desanimada y triste esté una persona a estas edades, menor será su satisfacción con la vida. Este resultado es congruente con la mayor parte de los estudios que han tratado de relacionar las emociones negativas con la salud y con la satisfacción (Blazer, 2003;Hawkley, Masi, Berry y Cacioppo, 2006). En ellos se muestran los efectos adversos de las emociones negativas sobre la salud de las personas mayores, manifestados en forma de enfermedades cardiovasculares, conductas poco saludables, disconformidad con las prescripciones médicas, dificultades en la rehabilitación, etc.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Bienestar emocional en la vejez avanzada: estudio comparativo por edad y género

Navarro

Martínez

Delgado

2017

PSYE

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RESUMEN:En la vejez avanzada, los estados emocionales se convierten en el motivo más importante para mantener la satisfacción con la vida. En este estudio se ha examinado el papel de las emociones positivas y negativas sobre el juicio de satisfacción vital en la vejez avanzada, así como las diferencias de edad y género en una muestra de 400 personas muy mayores de Salamanca, con edades comprendidas entre los 75 y 104 años. Los resultados muestran una mayor frecuencia de emociones positivas, siendo las más frecuentes estar atento, sentirse activo y fuerte y, las menos frecuentes, estar entusiasmado e inspirado. Entre los sentimientos negativos más frecuentes destacan sentirse inquieto, expectante y nervioso, y como menos frecuentes sentirse culpable, hostil y avergonzado. Además, aparecen diferencias de edad (quienes tienen entre 75 y 84 años se sienten más activos, entusiasmados e inspirados) y de género (las mujeres muy mayores se sienten más inquietas, nerviosas, orgullosas, temerosas, asustadas y perturbadas). Por otra parte, el análisis de regresión múltiple pone de manifiesto que permanecer animado, alegre, vigilante y alerta frente a los sucesos resulta funcional en el mantenimiento de la satisfacción vital de las personas de 75 y más años. Estos resultados confirman que las emociones positivas son un recurso potencial para la resiliencia psicológica en la vejez avanzada. Palabras clave: personas muy mayores, resiliencia psicológica, satisfacción vital. Emotional well-being in advanced old age: comparative study by age and gender ABSTRACT:In very old age, emotional states become the most important reason to maintain life satisfaction. In this study we examined the role of positive and negative emotions on the judgment of life satisfaction in advanced old age and the age and gender differences in a sample of 400 elderly people of Salamanca, aged between 75 and 104. The results show a higher frequency of positive emotions than negative, with the most frequent of the former being attentive, active and strong, and the less frequent ones being excited and inspired. Among the more frequent negative emotions are feeling jittery, nervous and alert, and the less frequent ones are feeling guilty, hostile and ashamed. In addition, there are differences in terms of both age (people aged between 75 and 84 are more active, enthusiastic and inspired) and gender (very old women are more jittery, nervous, proud, afraid, scared and upset). Moreover, multiple regression analysis

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“…Loneliness is a pervasive psychosocial problem in modern society 1 (Davis & Smith, 1998;Heinrich & Gullone, 2006;McPherson, Smith-Lovin & Brashears, 2006), related to severe consequences for the social adjustment and physical health of an individual (Cacioppo, Hawkley, Berntson, Ernst, Gibbs, Stickgold et al, 2002;Hawkley & Cacioppo, 2010;Hawkley, Masi, Berry & Cacioppo, 2006;Paul, Ayis, Ebrahim, 2006;Wilson et al, 2007). Loneliness is prevalent among the elderly and marginalized youth (Dykstra, 2009;McPherson, Smith-Lovin & Brashears, 2006), but also among adolescents and younger adults (Pinquart & Sorensen, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotion understanding, interpersonal competencies and loneliness among students

Moroń¹

2014

Polish Psychological Bulletin

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The study examines the associations of emotion understanding, interpersonal competencies, loneliness and correlated variables (perceived social support, quality of social networks). Two conceptual models of relations were tested. In the first model it was hypothesized that interpersonal competencies mediate relations between emotion understanding and loneliness, perceived social support and quality of social networks. In the second model emotion understanding was tested as a moderator of relationships between interpersonal competencies and loneliness, perceived social support and quality of social networks. Study 1 (n = 221) provided only a weak confirmation of the mediatory model, restricted to men. Study 2 (n = 206), employing different measures of emotion understanding and loneliness, confirmed weakly both the mediatory and moderatory models. In both studies a direct negative correlation between emotion understanding and loneliness was not confirmed.

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Loneliness is a unique predictor of age-related differences in systolic blood pressure.

Cited by 400 publications

References 56 publications

Genome-Wide Association Study of Loneliness Demonstrates a Role for Common Variation

Genome-Wide Association Study of Loneliness Demonstrates a Role for Common Variation

Bienestar emocional en la vejez avanzada: estudio comparativo por edad y género

Emotion understanding, interpersonal competencies and loneliness among students

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