Localization of flash grab targets is improved with sustained spatial attention

Adamian, Nika; Cavanagh, Patrick

doi:10.1167/16.12.1266

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Interestingly, the results of temporal expectation in the flash-grab effect are opposite to what has previously been reported for spatial predictability (Adamian & Cavanagh, 2016). Evidently, spatial and temporal predictability have different effects on the illusion.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

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Expecting the unexpected: Temporal expectation increases the flash-grab effect

et al. 2019

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In the flash-grab effect, when a disk is flashed on a moving background at the moment it reverses direction, the perceived location of the disk is strongly displaced in the direction of the motion that follows the reversal. Here, we ask whether increased expectation of the reversal reduces its effect on the motion-induced shift, as suggested by predictive coding models with first order predictions. Across four experiments we find that when the reversal is expected, the illusion gets stronger, not weaker. We rule out accumulating motion adaptation as a contributing factor. The pattern of results cannot be accounted for by first-order predictions of location. Instead, it appears that secondorder predictions of event timing play a role. Specifically, we conclude that temporal expectation causes a transient increase in temporal attention, boosting the strength of the motion signal and thereby increasing the strength of the illusion.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

“…Spatial predictability has similarly been found to reduce the strength of the flash-lag effect (Baldo, Kihara, Namba, & Klein, 2002;Namba & Baldo, 2004). In the flash-grab illusion, it is known that spatial predictability also decreases the flash-grab effect (Adamian & Cavanagh, 2016), but nothing is known about temporal certainty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expecting the unexpected: Temporal expectation increases the flash-grab effect

et al. 2019

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“…Under Model B or C, this effect occurs because the position of the moving object can be extrapolated because it is predictable, whereas the flashed object, which is unpredictable, cannot 37 . This mismatch between the predictable motion and the unpredictable flash has a parallel in the flash-grab effect: a recent study parametrically varied the predictability of the flash, and showed that the strength of the resulting illusion decreased as the flash became more predictable 73 . Likewise, in studies of temporal binding, the asynchrony in the processing of colour and motion is evident only when rapidly moving stimuli abruptly change direction 74 .…”

Section: Violated Predictionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive coding with neural transmission delays: a real-time temporal alignment hypothesis

Hogendoorn

Burkitt

2018

Preprint

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Hierarchical predictive coding is an influential model of cortical organization, in which sequential hierarchical layers are connected by feedback connections carrying predictions, as well as feedforward connections carrying prediction errors. To date, however, predictive coding models have neglected to take into account that neural transmission itself takes time. For a time-varying stimulus, such as a moving object, this means that feedback predictions become misaligned with new sensory input. We present an extended model implementing both feed-forward and feedback extrapolation mechanisms that realigns feedback predictions to minimize prediction error. This realignment has the consequence that neural representations across all hierarchical stages become aligned in real-time. Using visual motion as an example, we show that the model is neurally plausible, that it is consistent with evidence of extrapolation mechanisms throughout the visual hierarchy, that it predicts several known motionposition illusions, and that it provides a solution to the temporal binding problem.

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“…The result is that the perceived position of the flash is shifted away from the first motion sequence (Blom et al, 2019) and in the direction of the second motion sequence. Importantly, a recent study parametrically varied the predictability of the flash and showed that the strength of the resulting illusion decreased as the flash became more predictable (Adamian and Cavanagh, 2016). Likewise, in studies of temporal binding, the asynchrony in the processing of color and motion is evident only when rapidly moving stimuli abruptly change direction (Moutoussis and Zeki, 1997a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%