Localization of carboxyl groups at surface layer of carboxylated polymer emulsion particles by alkali treatment

Okubo, Masayoshi; Xu, DH; Kanaida, K.; Matsumoto, Tsunetaka

doi:10.1007/bf01412714

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It is well known that the carboxylic groups can be introduced into the polymer chains by employing carboxylic monomers such as acrylic acid (AA) and methacrylic acid (MAA) in emulsion polymerization. [8,9] The carboxylated latex can redound to improve the mechanical and freeze-thaw stability, colloidal stability, adhesion to polar substrates, tensile strength, and aging resistance of latex and film properties. [10][11][12][13][14][15] Moreover, these carboxylated latex particles can be used in many other aspects; for example, exhibited magnetic properties after hybrid microbeads with Fe 3 O 4 -based core [16] and exhibited catalytic activity for hydrogenation were introduced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carboxylic‐group distribution of carboxylated acrylate copolymer latexes with their properties in the presence of acrylic acid and monobutyl itaconate

Xie

Zhao

et al. 2011

Polymers for Advanced Techs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A series of carboxylated acrylate copolymer latexes were prepared via two different emulsion polymerization technologies with different carboxylic‐group distribution and morphologies. The effects of the emulsifier, the initiator, and the carboxylic monomers [acrylic acid (AA) or monobutyl itaconate (MBI)] on the total conversion of the monomers and the properties of acrylate latexes and films have been investigated. The distribution of carboxylic groups (−COOH) measured by conductometric titration shows that the concentration of surface –COOH (Cs) and embedded –COOH (Cb) both increase with the increase of the amount of carboxylic monomers. For the latexes containing AA, –COOH tends to distribute on the surface of latex particles and in the aqueous phase, whereas –COOH tends to concentrate inside the core of latex particles for the latexes containing MBI. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrates that the latex particles are regular with narrow size distribution and have significant differences in morphologies when different carboxylic monomers and polymerization technologies were used. The stability of latex is satisfactory through the results of common stability and zeta potential tests. Moreover, the water absorption and contact angle experiment tests also revealed that the water resistance of the latex films is good. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carboxylic‐group distribution of carboxylated acrylate copolymer latexes with their properties in the presence of acrylic acid and monobutyl itaconate

Xie

Zhao

et al. 2011

Polymers for Advanced Techs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nonionic emulsifiers have been widely used in emulsion polymerization. We have carried out a series of investigations on the redistribution of carboxyl groups within carboxylated polymer particles stabilized with nonionic emulsifiers [4][5][6][7][8]. Throughout the studies it was found that multihollow polymer particles could be prepared by two-step post-treatment of styrene-butyl acrylate-methacrylic acid terpolymer particles with alkali and acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of nonionic emulsifier inside methacrylic polymer particles in emulsion polymerization

2006

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The incorporations of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (Emulgen 109P) and polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (Emulgen 911) nonionic emulsifiers inside poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) and poly(iso-butyl methacrylate) (Pi-BMA) particles, prepared by emulsifier-present emulsion polymerizations were examined. In order to measure the amounts of the incorporated nonionic emulsifiers, optimum compositions of 2-propanol aqueous solutions to remove the nonionic emulsifier from the particle surfaces without removal from the insides were determined. The amount of the incorporation measured by gel permeation chromatography was increased in order of PMMA >PEMA > Pi-BMA, which accorded with the order of miscibility between each polymer and the emulsifier.

show abstract

“…We have report-*) Part CIII of the series "Studies on Suspension and Emulsion". ed this briefly in a previous work [8]. In this work, we have tried to clarify the mechanism of production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Production of anomalously shaped carboxylated polymer particles by seeded emulsion polymerization

Okubo

Kanaida

Matsumoto

1987

Colloid & Polymer Sci

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anomalous polymer particles with a partial protuberance like "octopus ocellams" were produced under alkaline conditions by seeded emulsion copolymerization for styrene and butyl acrylate, with styrene-butyl acrylate-methacrylic acid terpolymer emulsion as seed. The mechanism of production of the polymer particles was studied. By transmission electron microscopic observation of the particles at each conversion, it was observed that the anomalous polymer particles were produced by partial growth of each of the individual seed particles throughout polymerization. Ionization of the carboxyl groups and low viscosity in the growing particles during the process of polymerization were important factors for partial growth.

show abstract

Localization of carboxyl groups at surface layer of carboxylated polymer emulsion particles by alkali treatment

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Carboxylic‐group distribution of carboxylated acrylate copolymer latexes with their properties in the presence of acrylic acid and monobutyl itaconate

Carboxylic‐group distribution of carboxylated acrylate copolymer latexes with their properties in the presence of acrylic acid and monobutyl itaconate

Incorporation of nonionic emulsifier inside methacrylic polymer particles in emulsion polymerization

Production of anomalously shaped carboxylated polymer particles by seeded emulsion polymerization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About