Localization and Distribution of Flavonoids in Buckwheat Seedling Cotyledons

Margna, Udo; Margna, Evi; Paluteder, Andreas

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(11)81660-3

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Sarrasin de Tartarie, rutine, quercétine, flavonoïdes, glucosidase, germination Rutin is a flavonol with antioxidative (Afanas'ev et al 1989(Afanas'ev et al , 2001, antihypertensive (Matsubara et al 1985), and antiinflammatory activities (Afanas'ev et al 2001). Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is well known to contain high amounts of rutin in its seeds, leaves, flowers, and cotyledons (Margna et al 1990;Suzuki et al 2005b). Several studies have shown the accumulation pattern of rutin at different growth stages, and changes in rutin concentration during ripening of buckwheat (Suzuki et al 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

Changes in rutin concentration and flavonol-3-glucosidase activity during seedling growth in tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.)

Suzuki¹,

Kim²,

Takigawa³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2007. Changes in rutin concentration and flavonol-3-glucosidase activity during seedling growth in tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 83-87. To investigate the physiological roles of rutin (quercetin 3-O-rutinoside) and flavonol-3-glucosidase (f3g, a rutin-degrading enzyme) during cotyledon growth in tartary buckwheat, changes in rutin and quercetin (aglycone of rutin) concentrations, and f3g activities were measured. The rutin concentration gradually increased (about 50 mg g -1 DW cotyledons) up to 12 d after germination (DAG). The quercetin concentration in the tartary buckwheat cotyledon increased immediately after germination, reached a maximum at 4 DAG, and then remained around 1.5 mg g -1 DW until 12 DAG. The f3g activity in the cotyledon and testa decreased gradually after germination. However, it retained 80% activity at 4 DAG compared with dry seed. In addition, the f3g activity was high on the surface of the cotyledon. We also investigated spatial distribution of rutin and f3g activity in 4 DAG seedlings. While rutin was mostly present in the cotyledon, f3g activity was observed in the testa, the surface of the testa, and root. These results suggest that rutin and f3g activity in tartary buckwheat have different physiological roles during cotyledon growth compared with common buckwheat.Key words: Tartary buckwheat; rutin; quercetin; flavonoid; glucosidase; germination Suzuki, T., Kim, S-J., Takigawa, S., Mukasa, Y., Hashimoto, N., Saito, K., Noda, T., Matsuura-Endo, C., Zaidul, I. S. M. et Yamauchi, H. 2007. Variation de la concentration de rutine et de l'activité de la flavonol-3-glucosidase lors de la croissance du sarrasin de Tartarie (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 83-87. Les auteurs ont mesuré la variation de la concentration de rutine et de quercétine (aglycone de la rutine) ainsi que de l'activité de la flavonol-3-glucosidase (f3g, un enzyme qui dégrade la rutine) dans l'espoir d'élucider le rôle physiologique de la rutine (quercétine 3-O-rutinoside) et du f3g pendant la croissance des cotylédons du sarrasin de Tartarie. La concentration de rutine augmente progressivement (d'environ 50 mg par gramme de poids sec des cotylédons) au cours des 12 jours suivant la germination. La concentration de quercétine dans les cotylé-dons du sarrasin de Tartarie s'accroît immédiatement après la germination pour atteindre un maximum quatre jours plus tard puis se stabilise autour de 1,5 mg par gramme de poids sec jusqu'au 12 e jour suivant la germination. L'activité de la f3g dans les cotylé-dons et le testa diminue peu à peu après la germination. Cependant, l'enzyme garde 80 % de son activité 4 jours après la germination, comparativement à son activité dans les graines sèches. En outre, la f3g est très active à la surface du cotylédon. Les auteurs se sont aussi intéressés à la répartition spatiale de la rutine et de l'activité de la F3g dans les plantules de quatre jours. Bien que la rutine se retrouve surtout dans les cotylédons, la f3g est active d...

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confidence: 99%

Changes in rutin concentration and flavonol-3-glucosidase activity during seedling growth in tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.)

Suzuki¹,

Kim²,

Takigawa³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Despite examples showing the location of flavonoids in the leaf mesophyll of dicotyledonous plants (e.g. Tissut and Ravanel 1980;Margna et al 1990 and references cited therein), this is obviously not a common characteristic of this plant group. In addition, plants which normally do not accumulate flavonoids in the mesophyll can be induced to synthesize such compounds.…”

Section: Control Of Flavonoid Metabolism By Chs During Leaf Developmentmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Flavonoid accumulation is highly tissue-and cell-specific (e.g. Wiermann 1981;Hrazdina et al 1982;Niemann et al 1983;Schulz and Weissenb6ck 1986;Schnabl et al 1989;Margna et al 1990; Koes et al 1990). However, little is known about the biosynthetic autonomy of various tissues and cell types, especially in those leaves showing flavonoid accumulation in both epidermal and mesophyll tissue (see below), and it is not proven that the site of flavonoid accumulation is always the site of their biosynthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chalcone synthase and flavonoid products in primary-leaf tissues of rye and maize

Jähne

Fritzen

Weissenböck

1993

Planta

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Abstract. During cell and tissue differentiation of developing rye (Secale cereale L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) primary leaves, various flavonoids are synthesized and accumulate in both epidermal and mesophyll tissues. In order to prove either the biosynthetic autonomy of each tissue type and-or intercellular transport of flavonoids, the tissue distributions of chalcone synthase (CHS; EC 2.3.1.74), the key enzyme of the pathway, and of flavonoids have been comparatively investigated. Monoclonal antibodies raised against CHS from rye were used to relate enzyme activity in a particular tissue extract to the corresponding amount of CHS protein. A close correlation was found between CHS activities and amounts of CHS protein during leaf development and in the various tissues. The simultaneous occurrence of CHS in both epidermal layers as well as in the mesophyll correlated with the accumulation of flavonoid products in these tissues, indicating tissue autonomy of flavonoid biosynthesis. These data are in contrast to previous reports (Knogge and Weissenb6ck, 1986, Planta 167, 196-205) on primary leaves of oat (Arena sativa) where CHS and several subsequent enzymes were located mainly in the mesophyll whereas major flavonoid products accumulated predominantly in both epidermal cell layers, indicating that intertissue transport of flavonoids might occur.

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“…Several studies have demonstrated how rutin functions as a UV filter under light irradiation (Suzuki et al 2002, Margna et al 1990, Suzuki et al 2005b). However, both rutin concentration and 3GT activity were even elevated in common buckwheat cotyledons grown in darkness.…”

Section: Seedlingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological Roles of Rutin in the Buckwheat Plant

Suzuki

Morishita

Kim

et al. 2015

JARQ

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The buckwheat plant contains high levels of rutin (flavonol 3-O-rutinoside) in many organs, including its seeds, cotyledon, leaves, stem, and flowers. The enzymes that catalyze the decomposition and synthesis of rutin in buckwheat are unique in terms of having relatively low K m values, indicating that buckwheat developed rutinosidase and glycosyl transferase enzymes specifically suited for rutin metabolism. In Tartary buckwheat seeds, high levels of rutin content and rutinosidase activity cause strong bitterness, which may effectively protect the seeds from being eaten by animals. The stress responses observed in buckwheat leaves suggests that rutin and rutinosidase are involved in enhancing the defense system against environmental stresses, including UV light, low temperature, and desiccation.

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Localization and Distribution of Flavonoids in Buckwheat Seedling Cotyledons

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Changes in rutin concentration and flavonol-3-glucosidase activity during seedling growth in tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.)

Changes in rutin concentration and flavonol-3-glucosidase activity during seedling growth in tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.)

Chalcone synthase and flavonoid products in primary-leaf tissues of rye and maize

Physiological Roles of Rutin in the Buckwheat Plant

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