Local tissue reaction and differentiation of the prosthesis‐specific antibody response following functional implantation of vascular grafts in pigs

Abstract

The study was aimed at investigating the local tissue reactions through a histological examination of beta-1-integrin expression and neointima formation, and humoral immune responses by detection of prosthesis-specific antibodies, after functional implantation of vascular prostheses. In three groups of pigs, the infrarenal aorta was replaced with segments of collagen-impregnated Dacron-prostheses: M-prosthesis--medium primary porosity, double velour layer, crimping; C-prosthesis--low primary porosity, no velour, crimping; T-prosthesis--high primary porosity, no velour, no crimping. For each prosthesis type, one series with four animals was used for examining the tissue reactions, and a second series with eight animals was used to study the antibody response, both until 116 days postoperative. In the first three weeks, the M-prosthesis caused the highest tissue reactions and the highest antipolyester antibodies, but the lowest anticollagen antibodies, whereas the T-prosthesis caused the highest anticollagen antibodies, but the least tissue response and antipolyester antibodies in the early phase. On day 116, the C-prosthesis caused the highest tissue reactions and highest polyester-specific antibodies. These results indicate a possible association between local inflammatory reactions and humoral immune responses, influenced by properties of vascular grafts.

Association of systemic antibody response against polyethylene terephthalate with inflammatory serum cytokine profile following implantation of differently coated vascular prostheses in a rat animal model

“…The present findings indicate an association between the systemic reactions, as demonstrated by the changes in serum cytokine concentrations and the occurrence of prosthesis‐specific antibodies depending on polymer properties and/or the coating substances, and the local tissue response in accordance with one of our previous studies using functional vascular graft implantation in a pig animal model 15,18 . The main limitation of the present study is that all prosthesis segments were intramuscularly implanted, a well‐circulated tissue, which is, however, markedly different from the typical hemodynamic environment of vascular prostheses.…”

“…The polymer‐specific antibody response was found to be characterized by a marked individual variability even in inbred experimental animals sharing the same genetic background, as some of the animals in these studies remained antibody‐negative throughout the study course. Furthermore, these and other studies indicated an association between the systemic antibody response but also the serum cytokine level and the local cellular inflammatory reactions at the implant site 15,18 . As immunological responses are regulated by cytokines mediating interactions between different immune cells, the current study aimed at examining the serum levels of interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), interleukin‐4 (IL‐4), and interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) and their possible relationship with the development of prosthesis‐specific antibodies following implantation of polymer‐based vascular grafts coated with different proteins in a rat model.…”

Eight-year experience with cryopreserved arterial homografts for the in situ reconstruction of abdominal aortic infections

“…These findings often give cause for additional diagnostic procedures if found after prosthetic graft replacement. [23][24][25] An important confounder for the downscaling course of blood markers was the administration of specific antibiotics according to the antibiogram after microbiologic investigation of the intraoperative specimens. Therefore, the careful gain of intraoperative specimens is indispensable for the success of therapy.…”

Citric acid‐based elastomers provide a biocompatible interface for vascular grafts

“…The inflammatory response to a permanently implanted intravascular device may determine its long‐term function 31–33. We assessed whether POC stimulated or inhibited, relative to ePTFE, the induction of inflammation following prosthetic bypass grafting.…”