Local inhibition of <i>Drosophila</i> homeobox‐containing neural dorsoventral patterning genes by Dpp

Oh, Chun Taek; Kwon, Soon-Jung; Jeon, Kyoung Ja; Han, Pyung Lim; Kim, Sang Hee; Jeon, Sang Hak

doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(02)03573-1

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 36 publications

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“…Previous analysis indicated that the otd transcription factor acts as an essential regulatory gene for establishing the eyes, antenna, and parts of brain and for the dorsal head development [1, 2]. The Drosophila dorsal head capsule includes the ocellar, frons, and orbital cuticles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Cross‐Talk During Head Development in Drosophila

Amin

2004

BioMed Research International

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The dorsal head vertex of Drosophila is specified mainly by the orthodenticle (otd) gene. The expression and the function of otd are regulated by the concerted action of many genes including hedgehog (hh) and notch (N). These genes are components of a meshwork of signaling transduction pathways that interact to form the dorsal head capsule of the fruit fly. Loss-of-function Hh mutants lack ocelli; however, loss-of-function N mutants lack a different domain of the dorsal head vertex. This report provides new evidence that the Hh and N pathways are two epistatic signaling cascades that act genetically upstream of the dorsal head capsule specification gene. INTRODUCTIONA breakthrough in understanding the Drosophila head development came with the identification of the orthodenticle (otd) homeobox gene. Previous analysis indicated that the otd transcription factor acts as an essential regulatory gene for establishing the eyes, antenna, and parts of brain and for the dorsal head development [1,2]. The Drosophila dorsal head capsule includes the ocellar, frons, and orbital cuticles. The ocelli are three simple lightsensitive organs on the ocellar cuticle. The development of the dorsal head occurs during the larval stages from the dorsal head primordium in eye disc. The ocellar cuticle is formed by a fusion of the two eye discs, with the medial ocellus receiving contributions from both discs.Previous work revealed several genes that might interact with otd in embryonic or imaginal disc development. Several of these are expressed in the dorsal head primordium and loss of their functions produces an otdlike phenotype. Hh signaling plays crucial roles in the development of Drosophila and vertebrate embryos. In the fly, there is a single hedgehog (hh) gene. In contrast, three different genes, sonic hedgehog (Shh), Indian hedgehog (Ihh), and desert hedgehog (Dhh) play distinct regulatory roles in mammals [3]. As a segment polarity gene, Hh initiates a conserved signaling cascade in a variety of developmental processes [4]. Hh protein binds to a multipass membrane protein, Patched (Ptc), and prevents it from inhibiting the function of a second transmembrane protein, Smoothened (Smo). This allows Smo to signal through the positive actions of Fused (Fu) and Cubitus interruptus (Ci) and the inhibitory effects of Costal2 (Cos2) and Drosophila Protein kinase A (dPKA). In other words, Ptc inhibits the activity of Smo, and consequently Hh binding to Ptc releases Smo from this inhibitory process [5,6,7,8] enabling Smo to interact with Fu, Ci, Cos2, and dPKA.Ci is a transcriptional effector of Hh signaling (reviewed in [9]). The expression of ci mRNA is repressed by engrailed (En) protein in both embryos and imaginal discs [10]. Ci is also posttranslationally regulated. In the absence of Hh stimulation, Ci is cleaved into a smaller N-terminal fragment (Ci75) which moves to the nucleus and represses Hh target genes. Upon secretion, Hh binds to Ptc and relieves the inhibitory effect that Ptc normally has on Smo. Once it is freed of the ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Cross‐Talk During Head Development in Drosophila

Amin

2004

BioMed Research International

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msh/Msx gene family in neural development

2005

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Components of both major axial patterning systems of the Bilateria are differentially expressed along the primary axis of a ‘radiate’ animal, the anthozoan cnidarian Acropora millepora

Jong

Hislop

Hayward

et al. 2006

Developmental Biology

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Cnidarians are animals with a single (oral/aboral) overt body axis and with origins that nominally predate bilaterality. To better understand the evolution of axial patterning mechanisms, we characterized genes from the coral, Acropora millepora (Class Anthozoa) that are considered to be unambiguous markers of the bilaterian anterior/posterior and dorsal/ventral axes. Homologs of Otx/otd and Emx/ems, definitive anterior markers across the Bilateria, are expressed at opposite ends of the Acropora larva; otxA-Am initially around the blastopore and later preferentially toward the oral end in the ectoderm, and emx-Am predominantly in putative neurons in the aboral half of the planula larva, in a domain overlapping that of cnox-2Am, a Gsh/ind gene. The Acropora homologs of Pax-3/7, NKX2.1/vnd and Msx/msh are expressed in axially restricted and largely non-overlapping patterns in larval ectoderm. In Acropora, components of both the D/V and A/P patterning systems of bilateral animals are therefore expressed in regionally restricted patterns along the single overt body axis of the planula larva, and two 'anterior' markers are expressed at opposite ends of the axis. Thus, although some specific gene functions appear to be conserved between cnidarians and higher animals, no simple relationship exists between axial patterning systems in the two groups.

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Local inhibition of Drosophila homeobox‐containing neural dorsoventral patterning genes by Dpp

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Genetic Cross‐Talk During Head Development in Drosophila

Genetic Cross‐Talk During Head Development in Drosophila

msh/Msx gene family in neural development

Components of both major axial patterning systems of the Bilateria are differentially expressed along the primary axis of a ‘radiate’ animal, the anthozoan cnidarian Acropora millepora

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